Potassium permanganate

Molecular structure of Potassium permanganate (CAS NO.7722-64-7) is:

Product Name: Potassium permanganate
CAS Registry Number: 7722-64-7
IUPAC Name: potassium permanganate
Molecular Weight: 158.033949 [g/mol]
Molecular Formula: KMnO₄
H-Bond Donor: 0
H-Bond Acceptor: 4 
EINECS: 231-760-3
Melting Point: 240 °C
Density: 1.01 g/mL at 25 °C
Storage temp.: Store at RT.
Solubility: H₂O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, complete, violet
Form: solution (volumetric)
Water Solubility: 6.4 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Stability: Stable, but contact with combustible material may cause fire. Substances to be avoided include reducing agents, strong acids, organic material, combustible materials, peroxides, alcohols and chemically active metals. Strong oxidant.
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In 1659 a German chemist, J.R. Glauber, fused a mixture of the mineral pyrolusite and potassium carbonate to obtain a material that, when dissolved in water, gave a green solution (potassium manganate) which slowly shifted to violet potassium permanganate and then finally red. This report represents the first description of the production of potassium permanganate. Just under two hundred years later London chemist Henry Bollmann Condy had an interest in disinfectants, and marketed several products including ozonised water. He found that fusing pyrolusite with NaOH and dissolving it in water produced a solution with disinfectant properties. He patented this solution, and marketed it as Condy's Fluid. Although effective, the solution was not very stable. This was overcome by using KOH rather than NaOH. This was more stable, and had the advantage of easy conversion to the equally effective potassium permanganate crystals. This crystalline material was known as Condy’s crystals or Condy’s powder. Potassium permanganate was comparatively easy to manufacture so Condy was subsequently forced to spend considerable time in litigation in order to stop competitors from marketing products similar to Condy's Fluid or Condy's Crystals.

Almost all applications of Potassium permanganate (CAS NO.7722-64-7) exploit its oxidizing properties.As a strong oxidant that does not generate toxic byproducts, it has many niche uses.Following is the uses: Disinfectant and water treatment,As an oxidant, potassium permanganate can act as a disinfectant; Biomedical uses,Related to the use of KMnO₄ for water treatment, this salt is often employed as a specialized disinfectant for treating human and animal ailments; Organic synthesis,Aside from its use in water treatment, the other major application of KMnO₄ is as a reagent for the synthesis of organic compounds; Analytical chemistry, Potassium permanganate can be used to quantitatively determine the total oxidisable organic material in an aqueous sample; Organic chemistry, Dilute solutions of KMnO₄ convert alkenes into diols (glycols).

 Potassium permanganate (CAS NO.7722-64-7) is manufactured on a large scale from manganese dioxide. The mineral pyrolusite is fused with potassium hydroxide and heated in air or with potassium nitrate. This process gives potassium manganate, which upon electrolytic oxidation in alkaline solution gives potassium permanganate.
2 MnO₂ + 2 KOH + 3/2 O₂ → 2 KMnO₄ + H₂O
2MnO₄^2- + Cl₂ → 2MnO₄^-+ 2Cl^-

R51/53:Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. Hazard Codes: O; Xn,Xi; N
Risk Statements: 8-51/53-50/53-22-52/53-36/38 
R8 :Contact with combustible material may cause fire. 
R51/53:Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 
R50/53:Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 
R22:Harmful if swallowed. 
R52/53:Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 
R36/38:Irritating to eyes and skin.
Safety Statements: 60-61-36-26 
S60:This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. 
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing. 
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
RIDADR: UN 3082 9/PG 3
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: SD6475000
HazardClass: 5.1
PackingGroup: II

 Potassium permanganate , its cas register number is 7722-64-7. It also can be called Algae-K ; Argucide ; Cairox ; Condy's crystals ; Diversey Diversol CX with Arodyne ; Icc 237 Disinfectant, Sanitizer, Destainer, and Deodorizer ; Insta-perm ; Kaliumpermanganat ; Permanganate de potassium ; Permanganate of potash .It is a purplish colored crystalline solid. Noncombustible but accelerates the burning of combustible material. If the combustible material is finely divided the mixture may be explosive. It contact with liquid combustible materials may result in spontaneous ignition. Contact with sulfuric acid may cause fire or explosion. Soluble in water.