Welcome to LookChem.com Sign In|Join Free
  • or

Encyclopedia

Toxaphene

Base Information Edit
  • Chemical Name:Toxaphene
  • CAS No.:8001-35-2
  • Molecular Formula:C10H15Cl
  • Molecular Weight:170.6791
  • Hs Code.:
  • European Community (EC) Number:232-283-3
  • UN Number:2761
  • DSSTox Substance ID:DTXSID90858936
  • Wikipedia:Toxaphene
  • Wikidata:Q63381159
  • NCI Thesaurus Code:C44458
  • ChEMBL ID:CHEMBL1566504
  • Mol file:8001-35-2.mol
Toxaphene

Synonyms:Polychlorocamphene;Toxaphene

Suppliers and Price of Toxaphene
Supply Marketing:Edit
Business phase:
The product has achieved commercial mass production*data from LookChem market partment
Manufacturers and distributors:
  • Manufacture/Brand
  • Chemicals and raw materials
  • Packaging
  • price
  • TRC
  • Toxaphene
  • 250mg
  • $ 1010.00
  • Sigma-Aldrich
  • Toxaphene solution certified reference material, 1000?μg/mL in isooctane
  • 1 mL
  • $ 32.70
Total 0 raw suppliers
Chemical Property of Toxaphene Edit
Chemical Property:
  • Appearance/Colour:yellow waxy solid 
  • Vapor Pressure:1.76E-07mmHg at 25°C 
  • Melting Point:65 - 90 C 
  • Boiling Point:(decomposes) 
  • Flash Point:4°C 
  • PSA:0.00000 
  • Density:1.6 
  • LogP:6.62720 
  • Storage Temp.:2-8°C 
  • Solubility.:120 g/L in alcohol at 25–30 °C (quoted, Meites, 1963) 
  • Water Solubility.:0.4mg/L(25 oC) 
  • XLogP3:4.7
  • Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:0
  • Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:0
  • Rotatable Bond Count:2
  • Exact Mass:411.807522
  • Heavy Atom Count:18
  • Complexity:403
  • Transport DOT Label:Poison
Purity/Quality:

Toxaphene *data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:
  • Pictogram(s): Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, skin absorption; most uses prohibited. TLV: 0.5 mg/m3; STEL 1 mg/m3); animal carcinogen. 
  • Hazard Codes:T,N,Xn,F,Xi 
  • Statements: 21-25-37/38-40-50/53-67-65-38-11-36/37/38-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-51/53 
  • Safety Statements: 36/37-45-60-61-62-33-16-36-26 
MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:
  • Chemical Classes:Pesticides -> Organochlorine Pesticides
  • Canonical SMILES:C=C1C(C2(C(C(C1(C2(Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)Cl)(CCl)CCl
  • Description Toxaphene is an organochlorine insecticide that is similar to other compounds such as endrin, dieldrin, aldrin, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), lindane, and chlordecone. Manufacturing of toxaphene was started in the 1940s and was highly effective on cotton and certain food crops. In addition to its use as an insecticide, toxaphene was also used to eliminate certain species of fish in aquatic environments. Toxaphene itself consists of a mixture of hundreds of different chemicals with a major identified toxic component being heptachlorobornane. The use of toxaphene peaked in 1974 after DDT was banned in 1972 with nearly 400 000 metric tons being distributed into the environment (both land and aquatic uses). This use began to subside, yet nearly 100 000 metric tons was still used in 1980 shortly before the complete ban on toxaphene usage. Large quantities of toxaphene were released into the environment. The overall chlorine content of toxaphene is nearly 70% by weight with most of the organic compounds comprising toxaphene being chlorinated. The molecular weight of the various components of toxaphene can range from 308 to 551 g mol-1. The mean formula weight is approximately 414 g mol-1. Toxaphene can be found as an yellowish-waxy substance that is relatively volatile and can be transported in the atmosphere. If inhaled, especially in larger quantities, toxaphene has been shown to cause significant damage to the lungs/respiratory tract, central nervous system, and kidneys. The use of toxaphene as an insecticide was banned in the early 1980s and completely banned in the United States in 1990. In addition to its ban in North America, toxaphene has been also banned in Europe, yet its use in developing countries still persists. Toxaphene is not readily soluble in water and tends to deposit in the soil and sediment, as well as the atmosphere. Microorganisms in the soil tend to degrade toxaphene very slowly. Toxaphene does not degrade as slowly as DDT but has been demonstrated to persist in the environment for extended and significant periods of time.
  • Physical properties Yellow, waxy, nonflammable solid with a chlorine or terpene-like odor. Odor threshold concentration from water is 140 μg/L (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992).
  • Uses Formerly used as an insecticide Toxaphene is an insecticide that contains over 200–700 chemicals and can exist as an yellow to amber solid or gas. Heavily used in the United States until 1982, its use was completely banned in 1990. Toxaphene was used primarily to control insects on cotton crops in the southern United States; it has also been used to control pests on livestock and to control unwanted fish in aquatic environments. Reports have indicated that fish are low metabolizers of toxaphene, whereas other aquatic life such as snails can be extensive metabolizers, thus reducing the toxicity of toxaphene to aquatic life other than fish (Isensee et al., 1979). Insecticide. Not recommended for use in dairy barns or on milking animals (Penumarthy). Pesticide used primarily on cotton, lettuce, tomatoes, corn, peanuts, wheat and soybean.
Technology Process of Toxaphene

There total 1 articles about Toxaphene which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:
Guidance literature:
Post RFQ for Price