Reference

Effects of Gardenia jasminoides and geniposide on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities: implications for a-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced hepatotoxicity

Effects of Gardenia jasminoides and geniposide on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities: implications for a-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced hepatotoxicity. Lau, F.Some chemicals with cas registry numbers like 9001-78-9 and 9000-86-6 are also used. T. K.; Chang, H. M.; Pak, R. C. K. (Dep. Chem., Chinese Univ. Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong). Asia Pac. J. Pharmacol., 1(2), 91-8 (English) 1986. CODEN: APJPEV. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) Section cross-reference(s): 4 a-Naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) [551-06-4], at a dose of 50 mg kg-1 orally resulted in hyperbilirubinemia and elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [9000-86-6] and alk. phosphatase (ALP) [9001-78-9] activities in rats. Daily administration of the crude ext. of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (1.5 g kg-1 orally for 3 days) effectively lowered serum bilirubin [635-65-4], ALT and ALP activities in these ANIT-poisoned animals. Similar protective effects were demonstrated with geniposide (I) [24512-63-8], a major component of the herb. Since there is evidence to suggest that the hepatotoxic effects of ANIT are mediated by (a) toxic ANIT metabolite(s), the effects of Gardenia and geniposide on drug metab. were further investigated. Gardenia or geniposide did not affect the in vitro activities of phase I enzymes such as aminopyrine N-demethylase [9037-69-8] and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase [9037-52-9]. The in vivo pentobarbital sleeping time was also not significantly altered in animals concomitantly treated with Gardenia. It is therefore unlikely that this herbal compd. would inhibit the formation of toxic ANIT metabolite(s). However, the activities of a-naphthol glucuronosyltransferase [9030-08-4] and glutathione S-transferase [50812-37-8] were significantly induced by 3 days of Gardenia or geniposide treatment. Bile flow was also markedly increased. These results suggest that Gardenia or geniposide may facilitate the conjugation and biliary excretion of ANIT and/or its toxic metabolite(s). .

Studies on the analysis of natural dyes

Studies on the analysis of natural dyes. I. Analysis of Annatto extract and Gardenia yellow dye in foods and natural dye preparations. Nishizawa, Makoto; Chonan, Takao; Sekijo, Ikuyo; Sugii, Takao (Hokkaido Inst. Pub. Health, Sapporo 060, Japan). Hokkaidoritsu Eisei Kenkyushoho, (33), 28-34 (Japanese) 1983. CODEN: HOEKAN. ISSN: 0441-0793. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 17 (Food and Feed Chemistry) Bixin (I) [6983-79-5], norbixin (II) [542-40-5], crocin (III) [39465-00-4], and geniposide (IV) [24512-63-8] in natural dye prepns. and foods were detd. by high-performance liq. chromatog. (HPLC). The HPLC was performed on a Nucleosil 5 C18 column , with MeCN-H2O-HOAc solvent system (:1), for I and II, and MeCN-H2O solvent system ( for III and for IV),using visible (for I, II, and III) and UV (for IV) detection. I and II in Annatto [1393-63-1] and III and IV in Gardenia yellow dye [89382-88-7] were detected in the range of 1.15-109.35, 4.00-34.85, 0.20-12.34, and 34.3-3-220.7 mg/g, resp. I, II, and IV were detected in some foods (margarine, confectionery, fish products, and Chinese noodle). However, III was easily decomp. in foods, esp. 1393-63-1 and 542-40-5 are just another two chemicals used in this study. in Chinese noodle. .