Reference

Diesel fuels from middle distillates of coal hydrogenation

Diesel fuels from middle distillates of coal hydrogenation. Cornils, Boy; Lipps, Wolfgang (Ruhrchemie A.-G., Fed. Rep. Ger.). Ger. Offen. DE 3233834 A1 15 Mar 1984, 11 pp. (German). (Germany). CODEN: GWXXBX. CLASS: IC: C10L001-08; C10L001-22; C10L001-18. APPLICATION: DE 82-3233834 11 Sep 1982. DOCUMENT TYPE: Patent CA Section: 51 (Fossil Fuels, Derivatives, and Related Products) Ignition improvers for diesel fuels prepd. from coal middle distillates (e.g., b. 135-231°, from catalytic coal liquefaction) consist of amyl nitrate [1002-16-0], iso-PrONO2 [1712-64-7], cyclohexyl nitrate [2108-66-9], or 2-ethylhexyl nitrate [27247-96-7]. For low-cetane no. coal liqs. (e.g. 1712-64-7 and 2108-66-9 are also in the experiment., from low-severity liquefaction), the nitrates must be present at the 0.5-2.0 wt.% level to raise the cetane no. to ~45; for higher-cetane no. liqs. (from higher-severity liquefaction), the amt. of ignition improver required is much lower (0.1-0.5 wt.%). .

Nitration of aliphatic compounds

Nitration of aliphatic compounds. Knapp, Gordon G.; Baylerian, Marguerite S.; Seemuth, Paul D. (Ethyl Corp., USA). U.S. US 4479905 A 30 Oct 1984, 4 pp. (English). (United States of America). CODEN: USXXAM. CLASS: IC: C07C077-02. NCL: 260467000. APPLICATION: US 83-533223 19 Sep 1983. DOCUMENT TYPE: Patent CA Section: 51 (Fossil Fuels, Derivatives, and Related Products) To manuf. a cetane no. improver for diesel fuels, 28.8:72.2 (wt.) 2-ethoxyethanol [110-80-5]-2-ethylhexanol [104-76-7] and :68 (wt.) H2O-HNO3-H2SO4 were fed into a flow reactor with a high-speed stirrer at 8.2 and 5.6 mL/min.Some chemicals with cas registry numbers like 110-80-5 are also used., resp., to give residence time 6 min. The overflow was mixed with ice and allowed to sep. to give an org. layer which after washing and drying contained 25.2 wt.% 2-ethoxyethyl nitrate [35089-87-3] and 74.2 wt.% 2-ethylhexyl nitrate [27247-96-7], the mixt. being a cetane no. improver. .