Detail of "4553-89-3"

Reference

The use of continuous flow systems for studying the metabolic activity of the hindgut microflora in vitro

The use of continuous flow systems for studying the metabolic activity of the hindgut microflora in vitro. Mallett, A. K.; Bearne, C. A.; Rowland, I. R. (Br. Ind. Biol. Res. Assoc., Carshalton/Surrey SM5 4DS, UK). Food Chem. Toxicol., 24(6-7), 743-7 (English) 1986. CODEN: FCTOD7. ISSN: 0278-6915. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal; General Review CA Section: 4 (Toxicology) Section cross-reference(s): 2, 18 To investigate the involvement of bacterial enzyme activities in the biotransformation of xenobiotic compds., a simulation of the rat hindgut microflora in vitro was developed. This mixed bacterial population exhibits many similarities to the native rat flora, and the diversity of bacterial species and the activity of a no. of hydrolytic and reductive enzymes (e.g. azoreductase [9029-31-6], b-glucosidase [9001-22-3], b-glucuronidase [9001-45-0], nitrate reductase [9013-03-0] and nitroreductase [9037-41-6]) are reproduced in the culture at levels similar to those found in the large intestine. The flora responded to an anutrient (cyclamate [100-88-9]) or to host products (bile acids) with changes in enzyme activity, and metabolized the azo dye Brown HT [4553-89-3] to metabolites qual. similar to those found in the feces after oral administration to the rat. The expts. demonstrate that the bacterial population of the large intestine of the rat may be successfully cultured in vitro and provides and alternative to animal studies for the investigation of foreign compd. metab. by the flora.

Long-term toxicity studies of Chocolate Brown HT in mice

Long-term toxicity studies of Chocolate Brown HT in mice. Drake, James J. P.; Butterworth, Kenneth R.; Gaunt, Ian F.; Hardy, Joan (Br. Ind. Biol. Res. Assoc., Carshalton/Surrey, Engl.). Toxicology, 10(1), 17-27 (English) 1978. CODEN: TXCYAC. ISSN: 0300-483X. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 4 (Toxicology) Section cross-reference(s): 17 Groups of 48 male and 48 female mice were given diets contg. 0 (control), 0.01, 0.1 or 0.5% Chocolate Brown HT (I) [4553-89-3] for 80 wk. There was a slightly reduced body wt. gain and a lower heart wt. in males given the highest dietary level of I. At the same level, at week 77 the packed cell vol. and total leukocyte count values in females were lower than those of the controls. However, the relationship of these findings to the treatment was questionable, as was the increased incidence of leukocyte infiltration of the liver in the female mice at the 0.5% level of treatment. A brown coloration of internal organs seen at the highest treatment level was due probably to the I treatment. The distribution of tumors was similar in all groups, and there was no evidence of a carcinogenic effect with doses ￡700 mg/kg/day, while the no-untoward-effect level was 3140 mg/kg/day.