Reference

Action of R-40244 on chloroplast pigments and polar lipids

Action of R-40244 on chloroplast pigments and polar lipids. St. John, Judith B. (Agric. Environ. Qual. Inst., U.S. Dep. Agric., Beltsville, MD 20705, USA). Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 23(1), 13-18 (English) 1985. CODEN: PCBPBS. ISSN: 0048-3575. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 5 (Agrochemical Bioregulators) The herbicide R-40244 (I) [61213-25-0] blocked the accumulation of chloroplast pigments in cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum). The total amts. of polar (membrane) lipids synthesized and the proportion of unsatd. 18-carbon fatty acids were progressively reduced in shoots of annual ryegrass as the concn. of I increased from 1 to 100 mM. Blocked chloroplast pigment accumulation and perturbations of membrane lipids were related to reduced growth of annual ryegrass. Growth and membrane lipids of cabbage were much less affected by I. Light was not required for the action of I on membrane lipids. Apparently, the accumulation of chloroplast pigments is blocked by I in all species sensitive to I, but species differ in sensitivity to action on membrane lipids. In sensitive species, where both pigments and membrane lipids are affected, the action on membrane lipids may limit growth independently of effects on pigments.

The response of Viola arvensis and winter wheat to various herbicides, pre-emergence

The response of Viola arvensis and winter wheat to various herbicides, pre-emergence. Richardson, W. G.; West, T. M. (Weed Res. Organ., AFRC, Yarnton/Oxford OX5 1PF, UK). Tests Agrochem. Cultiv., 6, 150-1 (English) 1985. CODEN: TACUDC. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 5 (Agrochemical Bioregulators) Section cross-reference(s): 4 A pot expt. was designed to det. the response of V. arvensis (winter wheat included as ref.) to 24 preemergence herbicides. Isoxaben [82558-50-7] (0.15 kg/ha), aclonifen [74070-46-5] (2-4 kg/ha), orbencarb [34622-58-7] (5 kg/ha), MT124 [104492-33-3] (0.15-0.3 kg/ha), simazine [122-34-9] (0.75 kg/ha), methabenzthiazuron [18691-97-9] (3 kg/ha) and R 40244 [61213-25-0] (0.2-0.4 kg/ha) gave 100% control of Viola. Twelve other herbicides reduced the fresh wt. by 75-99% (MK 616 [39985-63-2], cyanazine [21725-46-2], terbutryne [886-50-0], chlorsulfuron [64902-72-3], metsulfuron-methyl [74223-64-6], metoxuron [19937-59-8], isoproturon [34123-59-6], chlorotoluron [15545-48-9], linuron [330-55-2], pendimethalin [40487-42-1], trifluralin [1582-09-8], and chlomethoxynil [32861-85-1]). Clopyralid [1702-17-6], dicamba [1918-00-9], bifenox [42576-02-3], AC 222293 [81405-85-8] and triallate [2303-17-5] were partially effective. Wheat was tolerant to all herbicides, except simazine and trifluralin.