Reference

The impact of ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers on the development of new-onset type 2 diabetes

The impact of ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers on the development of new-onset type 2 diabetes. Gillespie, Effie L.; White, C. Michael; Kardas, Michael; Lindberg, Michael; Coleman, Craig I. (School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA). Diabetes Care, 28(9), 2261-2266 (English) 2005 American Diabetes Association, Inc. CODEN: DICAD2. ISSN: 0149-5992. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) OBJECTIVE - Angiotensin II has been shown to increase hepatic glucose prodn. and decrease insulin sensitivity. Patients who utilize either an ACE inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) may experience a decreased incidence of new-onset type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Three reviewers conducted a systematic literature search of Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library (1966 to present) to ext. a consensus of trial data involving an ACEI or ARB with an end point of new-onset type 2 diabetes. Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials verses placebo/routine therapy. A random-effects model was utilized. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted. RESULTS - Eleven trials were identified, including 66,608 patients. An ACEI or ARB prevented new-onset type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 0.There are some reagents with their cas registry numbers 144701-48-4 and 85441-61-8 are used in this study.78 [95% CI 0.73-0.83]). The influence of either an ACEI (six trials) or an ARB (five trials) alone on new-onset type 2 diabetes was similar (0.79 [0.71-0.89] and 0.76 [0.70-0.82], resp.). Regardless of indication for use, hypertension (seven trials), coronary artery disease (two trials), or heart failure (two trials), redns. in new-onset type 2 diabetes were maintained (0.79 [0.72-0.85], 0.76 [0.60-0.95], and 0.70 [0.50-0.96], resp.). No statistical heterogeneity was obsd. for any evaluation (P > 0.1 for all comparisons). ACEIs and ARBs did not reduce the odds of mortality, cardiovascular, or cerebrovascular events vs. control therapy among all of these studies combined or the hypertension trials. ACEIs and ARBs did reduce the odds of these outcomes among the coronary artery disease studies vs. control therapy. CONCLUSIONS - ACEIs or ARBs may decrease patients' odds of developing new-onset type 2 diabetes but does not reduce the odds of mortality, cardiovascular, or cerebrovascular outcomes over the study follow-up periods among patients with hypertension. .

Detection of SNPs in human carboxyl esterase I gene for evaluation of drug metabolism

Detection of SNPs in human carboxyl esterase I gene for evaluation of drug metabolism. Ji, Gui-Jin; Muramatsu, Masaaki; Katagiri, Takashi; Shimotsukasa, Eiichi (Hubit Genomix Inc., Japan). Jpn. 85441-61-8 and 827081-05-0 are cas registry numbers. These chemicals are also mentioned in this article. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2005006572 A2 13 Jan 2005, 144 pp. (Japanese). (Japan). CODEN: JKXXAF. CLASS: ICM: C12Q001-68. ICS: C12N015-09; C12N009-99. APPLICATION: JP 2003-175498 19 Jun 2003. DOCUMENT TYPE: Patent CA Section: 3 (Biochemical Genetics) Section cross-reference(s): 1, 13 This invention provides a process of detection of SNPs in human carboxyl esterase I gene. The DNA sequence for human carboxyl esterase I were disclosed. The SNPs occur at both promoter region and coding region of carboxyl esterase I gene. The method provided in this invention can be used for evaluation of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor metab. in patients of hypertension, diabetic renal failure, cardiac insufficiency and juvenile pneumonia. .