13150-00-0Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis and surface properties of N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecyl polyoxyethylene amine-based surfactants: Amine oxide, betaine and sulfobetaine
Hou, Liya,Zhang, Huinian,Chen, Hui,Xia, Qibo,Huang, Dongyang,Meng, Li,Liu, Xuefeng
, p. 403 - 408 (2014)
Nonionic-zwitterionic hybrid surfactants, namely N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecyl polyoxyethylene (3) amine oxide, and the corresponding betaine and/or sulfobetaine, have been synthesized. Their molecule structures were characterized by means of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. Compared to the structurally related conventional amine oxide, betaine and sulfobetaine, the critical micelle concentrations of the three hybrid surfactants are one order of magnitude smaller than those of traditional ones. The polyoxyethylene segment between the hydrophilic head group and the hydrophobic tail makes the surface activities of the hybrid surfactants superior to their structure-related counterparts.
Method and Device for the Sulfonation or Sulfation of Sulfonatable or Sulfatable Organic Substances and for Performing Faster, Strongly Exothermic Gas/Liquid Reactions
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Page/Page column 9-10, (2009/01/20)
A method and a device for the sulfonation or the sulfation of organic liquid raw materials with an S03/air mixture and other reaction gases in order to perform rapid, highly exothermic gas-liquid reactions in conventional thin-layer falling-film reactors are disclosed. The introduction of the S03/air mixture occurs through several feed locations, which are located within (along) the reaction tube or reaction tubes or in the annular gap of annular-gap falling-film reactors. High peak temperatures, undesirable byproducts, worsening of the color and local oversulfation or oversulfonation, which leads to side reactions, are largely avoided.
