3055-93-4Relevant articles and documents
Contact allergens from surfactants. Atmospheric oxidation of polyoxyethylene alcohols, formation of ethoxylated aldehydes, and their allergenic activity
Bergh, Margareta,Shao, Li Ping,Hagelthorn, Gunnel,Gaefvert, Elisabeth,Nilsson, J. Lars G.,Karlberg, Ann-Therese
, p. 276 - 282 (1998)
Ethoxylated surfactants are susceptible to oxidation upon air exposure. We have previously studied the rate of peroxidation and formaldehyde formation in the chemically well-defined ethoxylated alcohol C12H25(OCH2)5OH. Formaldehyde is a common cause of contact allergy. The aim of the present study was to identify other oxidation products that could be formed upon air exposure of the ethoxylated alcohol and to determine their allergenic activity. It was shown that air oxidation of C12H25(OCH2CH2)5OH gave all the theoretically possible aldehydes of the general formula C12H25(OCH:2Ch2)(n)OCH2CHO (n = 0-4) and that the major oxidation product was C12H25(OCH2CH2)4OCH2CHO, dodecyltetraoxyethyleneoxyacetaldehyde. The structure elucidation and synthesis of these aldehydes are here presented for the time. The major aldehyde was shown to be a contact allergen with the same sensitizing capacity as that of formaldehyde. A dose-response relationship was observed in the sensitization studies. The allergens were formed from the surfactant itself and the skin reactions cannot be explained due to any impurities that may be present in a technical quality of the surfactant. Cases of allergic contact dermatitis to ethoxylated surfactants have been reported. To avoid the formation of allergenic oxidation products it is important to control the conditions for storage, handling, and transportation of ethoxylated surfactants.
Drug carrier based on sulfonium lipidosome structure and preparation method and application of drug carrier
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Paragraph 0049; 0052-0054, (2019/08/14)
The invention relates to the technical field of medicine, in particular to a sulfonium compound shown as a general formula (A), and discloses a preparation method of the compound. The compound is poly-condensed with genes to form a nanometer compound with the particle size of 100-300 nm and Zeta potential of +20-+40. The gene loading capability of the sulfonium compound enables the sulfonium compound to have potential application in gene transfer.
Synthesis of some acyclic quaternary ammonium compounds. Alkylation of secondary and tertiary amines in a two-phase system
Kharlamov,Artyushin,Bondarenko
, p. 2445 - 2454 (2015/08/03)
A series of acyclic symmetrical and asymmetrical quaternary ammonium chlorides of the general formula R1R2R3N+AR4Cl- (R1 = Me, Bu; R2 = n-C12H25, PhCH2, C n H2n+1(OCH2CH2) m, n = 9 and 12, m = 1 and 2; R3 = n-C12H25, PhCH2, HOCH2CH2,-OOCCH2; R4 = n-C12H25, PhCH2; A = (CH2CH2O)1,2, CH2C(O)O) was synthesized by the alkylation of tertiary amines in a two-phase system containing water. A convenient method for the synthesis of the initial symmetrical and asymmetrical tertiary amines of the general formula MeNR1R2 (R1 = Me, Bu; R2 = n-C12H25, PhCH2, CnH2n+1(OCH2CH2) m, n = 9 and 12, m = 1 and 2) in an organic phase-aqueous phase heterogeneous system, which allows the use of aqueous solutions of alkali and amines, was developed. The improved method for the preparation of intermediate ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol monoethers is monoalkylation of glycols in dioxane using solid KOH in a two-phase system.