21745-41-5Relevant articles and documents
Regioselective Radical Arene Amination for the Concise Synthesis ofortho-Phenylenediamines
Gillespie, James E.,Morrill, Charlotte,Phipps, Robert J.
supporting information, p. 9355 - 9360 (2021/07/19)
The formation of arene C-N bonds directly from C-H bonds is of great importance and there has been rapid recent development of methods for achieving this through radical mechanisms, often involving reactiveN-centered radicals. A major challenge associated with these advances is that of regiocontrol, with mixtures of regioisomeric products obtained in most protocols, limiting broader utility. We have designed a system that utilizes attractive noncovalent interactions between an anionic substrate and an incoming radical cation in order to guide the latter to the areneorthoposition. The anionic substrate takes the form of a sulfamate-protected aniline and telescoped cleavage of the sulfamate group after amination leads directly toortho-phenylenediamines, key building blocks for a range of medicinally relevant diazoles. Our method can deliver both free amines and monoalkyl amines allowing access to unsymmetrical, selectively monoalkylated benzimidazoles and benzotriazoles. As well as providing concise access to valuableortho-phenylenediamines, this work demonstrates the potential for utilizing noncovalent interactions to control positional selectivity in radical reactions.
Novel cathepsin K inhibitors block osteoclasts in vitro and increase spinal bone density in zebrafish
Xue, Si-Tu,Wang, Ya-Li,Han, Xiao-Wan,Yi, Hong,Jiang, Wei,Si, Shu-Yi,Guo, Hui-Fang,Li, Zhuo-Rong
, p. 8600 - 8607 (2019/03/21)
Cathepsin K (Cat K) is a predominant cysteine protease and highly potent collagenase expressed in osteoclasts. Cat K inhibitors are anti-resorptive agents to treat osteoporosis. A novel scaffold of cathepsin K inhibitors, exemplified by lead compound 1x, was used as the template for designing and synthesizing a total of 61 derivatives that have not been reported before. An exploratory structure-activity relationship analysis identified the potent Cat K inhibitor A22, which displayed an IC50 value of 0.44 μM against Cat K. A22 was very specific for Cat K and caused a significantly higher in vitro inhibition of the enzyme as compared to that of lead compound 1x. A surface plasmon resonance analysis confirmed in vitro binding of A22 to Cat K. Molecular docking studies indicated several favourable interaction sites for A22 within the active pocket of Cat K. Furthermore, A22 also blocked active osteoclasts in vitro and increased spinal bone density in zebrafish, in which it showed an activity that was higher than that of the marketed therapeutic bone metabolizer etidronate disodium. A22 represents a very promising lead compound for the development of novel antiresorptive agents functioning as orthosteric inhibitors of Cat K.
Potent, Selective, and Cell Active Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) Inhibitor Developed by Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Hit Optimization
Mao, Ruifeng,Shao, Jingwei,Zhu, Kongkai,Zhang, Yuanyuan,Ding, Hong,Zhang, Chenhua,Shi, Zhe,Jiang, Hualiang,Sun, Dequn,Duan, Wenhu,Luo, Cheng
, p. 6289 - 6304 (2017/08/02)
PRMT5 plays important roles in diverse cellular processes and is upregulated in several human malignancies. Besides, PRMT5 has been validated as an anticancer target in mantle cell lymphoma. In this study, we found a potent and selective PRMT5 inhibitor by performing structure-based virtual screening and hit optimization. The identified compound 17 (IC50 = 0.33 μM) exhibited a broad selectivity against a panel of other methyltransferases. The direct binding of 17 to PRMT5 was validated by surface plasmon resonance experiments, with a Kd of 0.987 μM. Kinetic experiments indicated that 17 was a SAM competitive inhibitor other than the substrate. In addition, 17 showed selective antiproliferative effects against MV4-11 cells, and further studies indicated that the mechanism of cellular antitumor activity was due to the inhibition of PRMT5 mediated SmD3 methylation. 17 may represent a promising lead compound to understand more about PRMT5 and potentially assist the development of treatments for leukemia indications.