2386-52-9Relevant articles and documents
High current density electrodeposition of silver from silver-containing liquid metal salts with pyridine-N-oxide ligands
Sniekers, Jeroen,Brooks, Neil R.,Schaltin, Stijn,Van Meervelt, Luc,Fransaer, Jan,Binnemans, Koen
, p. 1589 - 1598 (2014)
New cationic silver-containing ionic liquids were synthesized and used as non-aqueous electrolytes for the electrodeposition of silver layers. In the liquid state of these ionic liquids, a silver (i) cation is coordinated by pyridine-N-oxide (py-O) ligands in a 1:3 metal-to-ligand ratio, although in some cases a different stoichiometry of the silver center crystallized out. As anions, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Tf2N), trifluoromethanesulfonate (OTf), methanesulfonate (OMs) and nitrate were used, yielding compounds with the formulae [Ag(py-O)3][Tf2N], [Ag(py-O)3][OTf], [Ag(py-O)3][OMs] and [Ag(py-O) 3][NO3], respectively. The compounds were characterized by CHN analysis, FTIR, NMR, DSC, TGA and the electrodeposition of silver was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, linear potential scans, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). With the exception of [Ag(py-O)3][Tf2N], which melts at 108 °C, all the silver(i) compounds have a melting point below 80 °C and were tested as electrolytes for silver electrodeposition. Interestingly, very high current densities were observed at a potential of -0.5 V vs. Ag/Ag+ for the compounds with fluorine-free anions, i.e. [Ag(py-O)3][NO 3] (current density of -10 A dm-2) and [Ag(py-O) 3][OMs] (-6.5 A dm-2). The maximum current density of the compound with the fluorinated anion trifluoromethanesulfonate, [Ag(py-O) 3][OTf], was much lower: -2.5 A dm-2 at -0.5 V vs. Ag/Ag+. Addition of an excess of ligand to [Ag(py-O) 3][OTf] resulted in the formation of the room-temperature ionic liquid [Ag(py-O)6][OTf]. A current density of -5 A dm-2 was observed at -0.5 V vs. Ag/Ag+ for this low viscous silver salt. The crystal structures of several silver complexes could be determined by X-ray diffraction, and it was found that several of them had a stoichiometry different from the 1:3 metal-to-ligand ratio used in their synthesis. This indicates that the compounds form crystals with a composition different from that of the molten state. The electrochemical properties were measured in the liquid state, where the metal-to-ligand ratio was 1:3. Single crystal X-ray diffraction measurements showed that silver(i) is six coordinate in [Ag(py-O) 3][Tf2N] and [Ag(py-O)3][OTf], while it is five coordinate in the other complexes. In [Ag3(py-O)8][OTf] 3, there are two different coordination environments for silver ions: six coordinate central silver ions and five coordinate for the outer silver ions. In some of the silver(i) complexes, silver-silver interactions were observed in the solid state. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Self-Assembly and Disassembly of Vesicles as Controlled by Anion-π Interactions
He, Qing,Ao, Yu-Fei,Huang, Zhi-Tang,Wang, De-Xian
, p. 11785 - 11790 (2015)
Anion-π interactions have been widely studied as new noncovalent driving forces in supramolecular chemistry. However, self-assembly induced by anion-π interactions is still largely unexplored. Herein we report the formation of supramolecular amphiphiles through anion-π interactions, and the subsequent formation of self-assembled vesicles in water. With the π receptor 1 as the host and anionic amphiphiles, such as sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), sodium laurate (SLA), and sodium methyl dodecylphosphonate (SDP), as guests, the sequential formation of host-guest supramolecular amphiphiles and self-assembled vesicles was demonstrated by SEM, TEM, DLS, and XRD techniques. The intrinsic anion-π interactions between 1 and the anionic amphiphiles were confirmed by crystal diffraction, HRMS analysis, and DFT calculations. Furthermore, the controlled disassembly of the vesicles was promoted by competing anions, such as NO3-, Cl-, and Br-, or by changing the pH value of the medium. May the best guest win: Supramolecular amphiphiles formed by anion-π interactions between an anionic amphiphile (anionic part in red in the picture) and a macrocyclic π system (light blue) underwent self-assembly into vesicles in water. The controlled disassembly of the vesicles was promoted by competing anions or a decrease in the pH value (see picture).
TRIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVES FOR ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION FOR LITHIUM BATTERIES
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Page/Page column 26-27, (2018/08/20)
An electrolyte composition containing (i) at least one aprotic organic solvent; (ii) at least one conducting salt; (iii) at least one compound of formula (I); and (iv) optionally one or more additives.
