3139-55-7Relevant articles and documents
Direct Access to Primary Amines from Alkenes by Selective Metal-Free Hydroamination
Du, Yi-Dan,Chen, Bi-Hong,Shu, Wei
supporting information, p. 9875 - 9880 (2021/03/29)
Direct and selective synthesis of primary amines from easily available precursors is attractive yet challenging. Herein, we report the rapid synthesis of primary amines from alkenes via metal-free regioselective hydroamination at room temperature. Ammonium carbonate was used as ammonia surrogate for the first time, allowing for efficient conversion of terminal and internal alkenes into linear, α-branched, and α-tertiary primary amines under mild conditions. This method provides a straightforward and powerful approach to a wide spectrum of advanced, highly functionalized primary amines which are of particular interest in pharmaceutical chemistry and other areas.
Total synthesis of (-)-platensimycin by advancing oxocarbenium- and iminium-mediated catalytic methods
Eey, Stanley T.-C.,Lear, Martin J.
, p. 11556 - 11573 (2015/01/16)
(-)-Platensimycin is a potent inhibitor of fatty acid synthase that holds promise in the treatment of metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes and "fatty liver") and pathogenic infections (e.g., those caused by drug-resistant bacteria). Herein, we describe its total synthesis through a four-step preparation of the aromatic amine fragment and an improved stereocontrolled assembly of the ketolide fragment, (-)-platensic acid. Key synthetic advances include 1) a modified Lieben haloform reaction to directly convert an aryl methyl ketone into its methyl ester within 30 seconds, 2) an experimentally improved dialkylation protocol to form platensic acid, 3) a sterically controlled chemo- and diastereoselective organocatalytic conjugate reduction of a spiro-cyclized cyclohexadienone by using the trifluoroacetic acid salt of α-amino di-tert-butyl malonate, 4) a tetrabutylammonium fluoride promoted spiro-alkylative para dearomatization of a free phenol to assemble the cagelike ketolide core with the moderate leaving-group ability of an early tosylate intermediate, and 5) a bismuth(III)-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts cyclization of a free lactol, with LiClO4 as an additive to liberate a more active oxocarbenium perchlorate species and suppress the Lewis basicity of the sulfonyloxy group. The longest linear sequence is 21 steps with an overall yield of 3.8% from commercially available eugenol. Relay tactics: The stereocontrolled assembly of the potent antibiotic (-)-platensimycin in 21 steps and 3.8% yield from eugenol is described (see scheme; TBAF: tetrabutylammonium fluoride; Ts: toluene-4-sulfonyl). Highlights are 1) a rapid oxidative esterification of an acyl aromatic, 2) a reliable dialkylation protocol to form platensic acid, 3) a π-facial conjugate reduction of a dienone, 4) a TBAF-promoted alkylative dearomatization of a free phenol, and 5) a Friedel-Crafts closure of a free lactol.
Photoinduced Nucleophilic Addition of Ammonia and Alkylamines to Aryl-Substituted Alkenes in the Presence of p-Dicyanobenzene
Yamashita, Toshiaki,Shiomori, Koichiro,Yasuda, Masahide,Kensuke, Shima
, p. 366 - 374 (2007/10/02)
The photoamination of 1,1-diphenylpropene (1a) with ammonia and some primary alkylamines in the presence of p-dicyanobenzene gave the corresponding N-substituted 2-amino-1,1-diphenylpropane (2a-e) along with the formation of 3-methyl-4,4-diphenylbutanenitrile (3a), 1,1-diphenylpropane (4a), 3,3-diphenylpropene (5), and diphenylmethane (6).In the case of 1,1-diphenylethene (1b), N-substituted 1-amino-2,2-diphenylethane (2f-h), 4,4-diphenylbutanenitrile (3b), and 1,1-diphenylethane (4b) were produced.In photoamination with t-butylamine in acetonitrile, 3a and 3b were mainly formed as a consequence of the incorporation of acetonitrile to 1a and 1b.The photoamination of 1-phenyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalene (1c) with isopropylamine or t-butylamine gave cis- and trans-N-substituted 1-phenyl-2-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenes (15 and 16) in a ratio of ca. 8:2.The mechanism of photoamination is discussed in terms of a photochemical electron transfer of 1 to p-dicyanobenzene followed by a nucleophilic addition of the amine to the cation radical of 1.