56777-24-3Relevant articles and documents
Palmitoyl lactic acid induces adipogenesis and a brown fat-like phenotype in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes
Unno, Yuka,Yamamoto, Hirona,Takatsuki, Shuto,Sato, Yoshinori,Kuranaga, Takefumi,Yazawa, Kazunaga,Ono, Yasuo,Wakimoto, Toshiyuki
, p. 772 - 782 (2018)
Brown adipose tissue is specialized to generate heat by dissipating chemical energy and may provide novel strategies for obesity treatment in humans. Recently, advances in understanding the pharmacological and dietary agents that contribute to the browning of white adipose tissue have been made to alleviate obesity by promoting energy expenditure. Krill oil is widely used as a health supplement in humans. In this study, the components from krill oil that promote adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells were screened to reveal palmitoyl lactic acid (PLA) as a promoter of adipogenesis. The PLA-induced adipocytes contained large number of small lipid droplets. Moreover, similar to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ agonists, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, PLA significantly enhances adipogenesis in the presence of dexamethasone compared with PLA alone. Treatment with PLA causes a brown fat-like phenotype in 3T3-L1 cells by enhanced expression of various brown/beige cell-specific genes, such as PR domain containing 16 (Prdm16) and peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1 alpha (Pgc1a), as well as adiponectin gene. The expression profile of the brown/beige cell-specific genes induced by PLA was similar to that of the PPARγ agonist in 3T3-L1 cells. Our findings suggest that PLA induces a brown fat-like phenotype and, thus, likely has therapeutic potential in treating obesity.
ENDOPARASITIC DEPSIPEPTIDES
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Page/Page column 56; 57, (2019/06/17)
The present invention provides cyclic depsipeptides of Formula (1), stereoisomers thereof, and veterinary acceptable salts thereof (1) wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, L1, and L2, are as defined herein. The present invention also contemplates compositions and methods of treatment as an endoparasiticide with a Formula (1) compound.
Functional Models of the Nickel Pincer Nucleotide Cofactor of Lactate Racemase
Shi, Renyi,Wodrich, Matthew D.,Pan, Hui-Jie,Tirani, Farzaneh Fadaei,Hu, Xile
supporting information, p. 16869 - 16872 (2019/11/13)
A novel nickel pincer cofactor was recently discovered in lactate racemase. Reported here are three synthetic nickel pincer complexes that are both structural and functional models of the pincer cofactor in lactate racemase. DFT computations suggest the ipso-carbon atom of the pyridinium pincer ligands act as a hydride acceptor for lactate isomerization, whereas an organometallic pathway involving nickel-mediated β-hydride elimination is less favored.