625-71-8Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of α,β- and β-Unsaturated Acids and Hydroxy Acids by Tandem Oxidation, Epoxidation, and Hydrolysis/Hydrogenation of Bioethanol Derivatives
Faria, Jimmy,Komarneni, Mallik R.,Li, Gengnan,Pham, Tu,Resasco, Daniel E.,Ruiz, Maria P.,Santhanaraj, Daniel
supporting information, p. 7456 - 7460 (2020/03/23)
We report a reaction platform for the synthesis of three different high-value specialty chemical building blocks starting from bio-ethanol, which might have an important impact in the implementation of biorefineries. First, oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde generates an aldehyde-containing stream active for the production of C4 aldehydes via base-catalyzed aldol-condensation. Then, the resulting C4 adduct is selectively converted into crotonic acid via catalytic aerobic oxidation (62 % yield). Using a sequential epoxidation and hydrogenation of crotonic acid leads to 29 % yield of β-hydroxy acid (3-hydroxybutanoic acid). By controlling the pH of the reaction media, it is possible to hydrolyze the oxirane moiety leading to 21 % yield of α,β-dihydroxy acid (2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid). Crotonic acid, 3-hydroxybutanoic acid, and 2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid are archetypal specialty chemicals used in the synthesis of polyvinyl-co-unsaturated acids resins, pharmaceutics, and bio-degradable/ -compatible polymers, respectively.
Method for preparing 3- hydroxybutyrate
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Paragraph 0056-0058; 0060-0062; 0064-0066, (2019/03/08)
The invention discloses a method for preparing 3-hydroxybutyrate. The method comprises the steps that (1) 3-ethyl hydroxybutyrate or 3-methyl hydroxybutyrate is provided and is hydrolyzed through a base catalyst to obtain 3-hydroxybutyric acid; and (2) the 3-hydroxybutyric acid reacts with an inorganic base to obtain the 3- hydroxybutyrate. Through the method, an aquatic salt forming mode is adopted, reacting is more complete, the reaction time is saved, energy consumption and material losses are lowered, the product yield is improved, and the production cost is saved. The concentration process in preparation of 3-hydroxybutyrate crude products is omitted, the series of processes of refining concentration of anhydrous ethanol, adding of acetone for crystallization, filtering, washing, drying and the like in preparing of 3-hydroxybutyrate finished products are omitted, an organic solvent, namely, acetone is omitted, material losses and energy consumption for the corresponding processesare reduced, and the production cost of the 3-hydroxybutyrate is greatly lowered. The heating process in roughing and refining of the 3-hydroxybutyrate is reduced, the problem that the 3-hydroxybutyrate finished products are easily affected with damp is also solved through the aquatic salt forming mode, and the quality of the 3-hydroxybutyrate is guaranteed.
ORAL SUPPLEMENTS OF FATTY ACID AND AMINO ACID KETONE ESTERS TO IMPROVE METABOLIC, PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE HEALTH
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Paragraph 0030; 0032, (2019/08/27)
An ester of beta-hydroxy butyrate or derivate esterfied with an amino acid or fatty acid used as an oral supplement.
