70035-46-0Relevant articles and documents
Dynamic Kinetic Cross-Electrophile Arylation of Benzyl Alcohols by Nickel Catalysis
Guo, Peng,Wang, Ke,Jin, Wen-Jie,Xie, Hao,Qi, Liangliang,Liu, Xue-Yuan,Shu, Xing-Zhong
, p. 513 - 523 (2021/01/12)
Catalytic transformation of alcohols via metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions is very important, but it typically relies on a multistep procedure. We here report a dynamic kinetic cross-coupling approach for the direct functionalization of alcohols. The feasibility of this strategy is demonstrated by a nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile arylation reaction of benzyl alcohols with (hetero)aryl electrophiles. The reaction proceeds with a broad substrate scope of both coupling partners. The electron-rich, electron-poor, and ortho-/meta-/para-substituted (hetero)aryl electrophiles (e.g., Ar-OTf, Ar-I, Ar-Br, and inert Ar-Cl) all coupled well. Most of the functionalities, including aldehyde, ketone, amide, ester, nitrile, sulfone, furan, thiophene, benzothiophene, pyridine, quinolone, Ar-SiMe3, Ar-Bpin, and Ar-SnBu3, were tolerated. The dynamic nature of this method enables the direct arylation of benzylic alcohol in the presence of various nucleophilic groups, including nonactivated primary/secondary/tertiary alcohols, phenols, and free indoles. It thus offers a robust alternative to existing methods for the precise construction of diarylmethanes. The synthetic utility of the method was demonstrated by a concise synthesis of biologically active molecules and by its application to peptide modification and conjugation. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction of in situ formed benzyl oxalates with nickel, possibly via a radical process, is an initial step in the reaction with aryl electrophiles.
Phosphorus-based Reagents in Peptide Synthesis: Synthesis of Methionine-Enkephalin and the Solution Conformation of its N-Diphenylphosphinoyl Derivative
Smith, D. David,Boyd, Kenneth G.,Hopton, David,Baxter, Robert L.,Ramage, Robert
, p. 551 - 556 (2007/10/02)
Met5enkephalin 1 was synthesized by solution phase synthesis using the diphenylphosphinoyl (Dpp) group for α-amino group protection and diphenylphosphinoyl-carboxylic acid mixed anhydrides for carboxylate activation.These reagents proved to be compatible with both tyrosine and methionine side chain functionalities.A (1)H NMR study of the solution conformation of the N-terminal-protected pentapeptide DppMe5enkephalin 2 in dimethyl sulfoxide suggests that the peptide backbone of this derivative adopts a major conformation possessing a type I' β-bend between residues Gly2-Gyl3 with the side chains of the Tyr1 and Phe4 lying on the same side of the plane of the bend.The predominant conformation of the Phe4 and Met5 side chains appear to be tg+.
A Convenient Synthesis of Met-enkephalin Using 1-β-Naphthalenesulphonyloxybenzotriazole for Peptide Bond Formation
Sharma, S. D.,Mathur, K. B.
, p. 227 - 229 (2007/10/02)
A convenient procedure for the synthesis of Met-enkephalin involving the use of 1-β-naphthalenesulphonyloxybenzotriazole as the peptide coupling reagent is described.Boc group is employed for the protection of α-NH2 functions of amino acids and its cleavage from the intermediate peptides is brought about by HCOOH in the presence of C6H5-OCH3 and SH-(CH2)2-SH without the formation of side products.The resulting formates are converted to the corresponding hydrochlorides prior to their coupling with the carboxy component.All the intermediate peptides have been obtained in high yields.