94105-90-5 Usage
Description
Equol is a nonsteroidal estrogen produced from the metabolism of the isoflavonoid phytoestrogen daidzein by human intestinal microflora. The estrogen receptor (ER) binding activity of the naturally occurring (S)-enantiomer demonstrates greater affinity toward ERβ while the (R)-enantiomer demonstrates greater affinity towards ERα. Synthesized as a racemic mixture, (±)-equol exhibits EC50 values of 200 and 74 nM for human ERα and ERβ, respectively and induces breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro at concentrations as low as 100 nM.
Chemical Properties
White to Off-White Solid
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 94105-90-5 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. (R,S)-Equol is a human urinary metabolite of the soy isoflavones Daidzein (D103500).
2. (+/-)-Equol exhibits EC50 values of 200 and 74 nM for human ERα and ERβ, respectively and induces breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro at concentrations as low as 100 nM. It is a weak estrogenic agonist, and competitive inhibitor of 17β-estradiol at the estradiol receptor. It inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced neoplastic cell transformation by targeting the MEK/ERK/p90RSK/activator protein-1 signalling pathway. It functions as a DHT blocker.
3. A human urinary metabolite of Daidzein. It is also a natural estrogenic metabolite from soy isoflavones.
Application
(±)-Equol is a metabolite produced in vivo from the soy phytoestrogen daidzein by the action of certain gut microflora, and is a nonsteroidal estrogen of the isoflavonoid class. (±)-Equo has been reported to have estrogenic activity and affinity for estrogen receptors. (±)-Equo can exist in two enantiomeric forms, (S)-equol and (R)-equol. In binding assays, (S)-equol has a higher binding affinity for estrogen β receptors.
Biological Activity
Metabolite of daidzein. Weak estrogenic agonist, and competitive inhibitor of 17β-estradiol at the estradiol receptor.(R,S)-Equol is a flavonoid. Racemic mixture. This is a metabolite that is produced in vivo from soy phytoestrogen daidzein from gut microflora. (R,S)-Equol inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced neoplastic cell transformation by targeting the MEK/ERK/p90RSK/activator protein-1 signalling pathway. (R,S)-Equol shows positive effects on the incidence of prostate cancer. Functions as a DHT blocker. Preferentially activates estrogen receptor β (ERβ).
Biochem/physiol Actions
Metabolite of daidzein. Weak estrogenic agonist, and competitive inhibitor of 17β-estradiol at the estradiol receptor.
References
Equol, a natural estrogenic metabolite from soy isoflavones convenient preparation and resolution of R- and S-equols and their differing binding and biological activity through estrogen receptors alpha and betaR. S. Muthyala, Y. H. Ju, S. Sheng, L. D. Williams, D. R. Doerge, B. S. Katzenellenbogen, W. G. Helferich, J. A. Katzenellenbogen, Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2004, 12, 1559.Isolation and identification of new bacterial stains producing equol from Pueraria lobate extract fermentationJ. E. Kwon, J. Lim, I. Kim, D. Kim, S. C. Kang, PLoS ONE 2018, 13, e0192490.Setchell, K.D.R., Clerici, C., Lephart, E.D., et al. S-equol, a potent ligand for estrogen receptor β, is the exclusive enantiomeric form of the soy isoflavone metabolite produced by human intestinal bacterial flora. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 81(5), 1072-1079 (2005).Liu, H., Du, J., Hu, C., et al. Delayed activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase ? is involved in genistein- and equol-induced cell proliferation and estrogen-receptor-α-mediated transcription in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry (2009).
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 94105-90-5 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 9,4,1,0 and 5 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 0 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 94105-90:
(7*9)+(6*4)+(5*1)+(4*0)+(3*5)+(2*9)+(1*0)=125
125 % 10 = 5
So 94105-90-5 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C15H14O3/c16-13-4-1-10(2-5-13)12-7-11-3-6-14(17)8-15(11)18-9-12/h1-6,8,12,16-17H,7,9H2
94105-90-5Relevant articles and documents
Structure–activity relationship of phytoestrogen analogs as ERα/β agonists with neuroprotective activities
Cho, Hye Won,Gim, Hyo Jin,Li, Hua,Subedi, Lalita,Kim, Sun Yeou,Ryu, Jae-Ha,Jeon, Raok
, p. 99 - 105 (2021/01/06)
A set of isoflavononid and flavonoid analogs was prepared and evaluated for estrogen receptor α (ERα) and ERβ transactivation and anti-neuroinflammatory activities. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) study of naturally occurring phytoestrogens, their metabolites, and related isoflavone analogs revealed the importance of the C-ring of isoflavonoids for ER activity and selectivity. Docking study suggested putative binding modes of daidzein 2 and dehydroequol 8 in the active site of ERα and ERβ, and provided an understanding of the promising activity and selectivity of dehydroequol 8. Among the tested compounds, equol 7 and dehydroequol 8 were the most potent ERα/β agonists with ERβ selectivity and neuroprotective activity. This study provides knowledge on the SAR of isoflavonoids for further development of potent and selective ER agonists with neuroprotective potential.
Synthetic method for equol
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, (2016/10/10)
The invention provides a synthetic method for equol. The synthetic method comprises the following steps: with daidzein as a raw material, subjecting daidzein to an esterification reaction to obtain a compound B; subjecting the compound B to olefinic-bond conjugation and a reduction reaction of a carbonyl group so as to obtain a compound C; subjecting the compound C to a dehydration reaction so as to obtain a compound D; and carrying out double-bond hydrogenation on the compound D so as to obtain equol. The synthetic method provided by the invention has the advantages of short synthesis steps, simple operation, economic performance, environmental protection, yield of 70% or above in each step, obviously increased overall yield and suitability for industrial mass production.
2-Morpholinoisoflav-3-enes as flexible intermediates in the synthesis of phenoxodiol, isophenoxodiol, equol and analogues: Vasorelaxant properties, estrogen receptor binding and Rho/RhoA kinase pathway inhibition
Tilley, Andrew J.,Zanatta, Shannon D.,Qin, Cheng Xue,Kim, In-Kyeom,Seok, Young-Mi,Stewart, Alastair,Woodman, Owen L.,Williams, Spencer J.
, p. 2353 - 2361 (2012/05/07)
Isoflavone consumption correlates with reduced rates of cardiovascular disease. Epidemiological studies and clinical data provide evidence that isoflavone metabolites, such as the isoflavan equol, contribute to these beneficial effects. In this study we developed a new route to isoflavans and isoflavenes via 2-morpholinoisoflavenes derived from a condensation reaction of phenylacetaldehydes, salicylaldehydes and morpholine. We report the synthesis of the isoflavans equol and deoxygenated analogues, and the isoflavenes 7,4′-dihydroxyisoflav-3-ene (phenoxodiol, haganin E) and 7,4′-dihydroxyisoflav-2-ene (isophenoxodiol). Vascular pharmacology studies reveal that all oxygenated isoflavans and isoflavenes can attenuate phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction, which was unaffected by the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780. Furthermore, the compounds inhibited U46619 (a thromboxane A2 analogue) induced vasoconstriction in endothelium-denuded rat aortae, and reduced the formation of GTP RhoA, with the effects being greatest for equol and phenoxodiol. Ligand displacement studies of rat uterine cytosol estrogen receptor revealed the compounds to be generally weak binders. These data are consistent with the vasorelaxation activity of equol and phenoxodiol deriving at least in part by inhibition of the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway, and along with the limited estrogen receptor affinity supports a role for equol and phenoxodiol as useful agents for maintaining cardiovascular function with limited estrogenic effects.
