Methods for the synthesis of an indole in provided. Methods comprise oxidizing a N-aryl imine in the presence of a palladium-based catalyst, an oxidant, and a solvent.
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Paragraph 00102
(2013/07/05)
Palladium-catalyzed direct C-2 arylation of indoles with aryl halides in aqueous medium
A newly developed, efficient catalytic system for direct C2-arylation of indoles with aryl halides in aqueous medium under mild conditions (80 °C) is reported. These procedures are free of toxic solvents, and exhibit improved yields and high chemo- and regioselectivity. Georg Thieme Verlag KG · Stuttgart · New York.
Lu, Guo-Ping,Cai, Chun
p. 2992 - 2996
(2013/02/22)
Palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative cyclization of N-aryl imines: Indole synthesis from anilines and ketones
We report here an operationally simple, palladium-catalyzed cyclization reaction of N-aryl imines, affording indoles via the oxidative linkage of two C-H bonds under mild conditions using molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. The process allows quick and atom-economical assembly of indole rings from inexpensive and readily available anilines and ketones and tolerates a broad range of functional groups.
Wei, Ye,Deb, Indubhusan,Yoshikai, Naohiko
supporting information; experimental part
p. 9098 - 9101
(2012/07/14)
A new approach to the synthesis of 2-substituted indoles: Reaction of dimetallated ortho-trimethylsilylmethylanilides with esters
The reaction of 2-trimethylsilylmethylanilides and esters in basic medium provides a new general method for the synthesis of indoles. The advantages of this method are the mild reaction conditions (-10-0°C), the ready availability of the starting materials and the use of a non-nucleophilic base (lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide) to promote cyclisation.