- High-performance intrinsic low-k polymer via the synergistic effect of its three units: Adamantyl, perfluorocyclobutylidene and benzocyclobutene
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Perfluorocyclobutylidene (PFCB) polymers have gained much interest as the next generation fluoropolymers due to their low dielectric constant, low surface energy, thermal and thermal oxidative stability and chemical resistance. Herein, we obtained a low-k
- Kong, Lingqiang,Qi, Tianke,Ren, Zhidong,Jin, Yunxia,Li, Yan,Cheng, Yuanrong,Xiao, Fei
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Read Online
- Synthesis and biological evaluation of an antibacterial azaborine retinoid isostere
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Our continued synthetic interest in this class of retinoids, CD437 and its analogs, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has brought us to explore further isosteric substitutions within the scaffold. Although our previous findings ha
- Haney, Brittney A.,Schrank, Cassandra L.,Wuest, William M.
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Read Online
- A transition metal complex compound, and the compound of the catalyst and a catalyst for large amt. pentavelent carried out in the presence of an olefin multimer manufacturing method
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transition metal complex compound, an olefin multimerization catalyst having excellent activity and containing the same and a method for producing an olefin multimer carried out in the presence of the catalyst.SOLUTION: This transition metal complex compound is one having a phenoxyimine ligand and this olefin multimerization catalyst contains following component (A) and component (B). (A) is the transition metal compound and (B) is a compound selected from the group consisting of an organic metal compound (B-1), an organic aluminumoxy compound (B-2) and a compound (B-3) forming an ion pair by reacting with the transition metal compound (A).
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Paragraph 0187
(2017/07/01)
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- Ion-exchange-resin-catalyzed adamantylation of phenol derivatives with adamantanols: Developing a clean process for synthesis of 2-(1-adamantyl)-4- bromophenol, A key intermediate of adapalene
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A clean process has been developed for the synthesis of 2-adamantylphenol derivatives through adamantylation of substituted phenols with adamantanols catalyzed by commercially available and recyclable ion-exchange sulfonic acid resin in acetic acid.The sole byproduct of the adamantylation reaction,namely water,could be converted into the solvent acetic acid by addition of a slight excess of acetic anhydride during the work-up procedure,making the process waste-free except for regeneration of the ionexchange resin,and facilitating the recycling of the resin catalyst.The ion-exchange sulfonic acid resin catalyst could be readily recycled by filtration and directly reused at least ten times without a significant loss of activity.The key intermediate of adapalene,2-(1-adamantyl)-4-bromophenol,could be produced by means of this waste-free process.
- Wang, Nan,Wang, Ronghua,Shi, Xia,Zou, Gang
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experimental part
p. 227 - 233
(2012/04/10)
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- New synthesis of 6[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid and evaluation of the influence of adamantyl group on the DNA binding of a naphthoic retinoid
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6[3-(1-Adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid (Adapalene), a synthetic aromatic retinoid specific for RARβ and RARγ receptors, has been prepared utilizing a Pd/C-mediated Suzuki coupling between 6-bromo-2-naphthoic acid and 4-methoxyphenyl boronic acid, followed by introduction of an adamantyl group in the position 3 of the formed 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-naphthoic acid. The interaction of 6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2- naphthoic acid/ethyl ester and the 3-adamantyl analogs with DNA was studied in aqueous solution at physiological conditions by UV-vis spectroscopy. The calculated binding constants Kligand-DNA ranged between 1.1 × 104 M-1 and 1.1 × 105 M-1, the higher values corresponding to those of the adamantylated compounds. Molecular modeling studies have emphasized that the intercalative binding of adapalene and its derivatives to DNA is mainly stabilized by hydrophobic interactions related to the presence of the adamantyl group.
- Milanese, Alberto,Gorincioi, Elena,Rajabi, Mehdi,Vistoli, Giulio,Santaniello, Enzo
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scheme or table
p. 151 - 158
(2011/11/07)
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- S1P RECEPTORS MODULATORS AND THEIR USE THEREOF
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The invention relates to novel compounds that have S1P receptor modulating activity. Further, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical comprising at least one compound of the invention for the treatment of diseases and/or conditions caused by or associated with inappropriate S1P receptor modulating activity or expression, for example, autoimmune response. A further aspect of the invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutical comprising at least one compound of the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diseases and/or conditions caused by or associated with inappropriate S1P receptor modulating activity or expression such as autoimmune response.
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Page/Page column 80
(2010/04/30)
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- A PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF ADAPALENE
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The present invention discloses a process for preparation of highly pure Adapalene, chemically designated as 6-[3-(l-adamantyl)-4-methoxy phenyl]-2-naphthoic acid (I) comprising: a) reacting 1-adamantanol with 4-bromophenol (II) in presence of sulphonic acid with or without the use of organic solvent to give 2-(l-adamantyl)-4- bromophenol (III); b) alkylating compound of formula(III) with dimethylsulphate in presence of base in organic solvent to obtain 2-(l-adamantyl)-4-bromoanisole (IV); c) C-C coupling the compound of formula (IV) with methyl-6-bromo-2- naphthoate using magnesium, purified zinc chloride and NiCl2-DPPE in THF at a temperature of 40-60°C tO obtain methyl ester of 6-[3-(l- adamantyl)-4-methoxy phenyl] -2-naphthoic acid (V); d) purifying crude methyl ester of 6-[3-(l-adamantyl)-4-methoxy phenyl]-2- naphthoic acid (V) using a mixture of organic solvent to obtain pure compound (V); e) hydrolyzing the compound (V) with a solution of alkali in organic solvent to obtain metal salt of 6-[3-(l-adamantyl)-4-methoxy phenyl] -2-naphthoic acid (VI); f) acidifying metal salt of adapalene (VI) using organic or inorganic acid to obtain crude adapalene (I) and g) recrystallizing the crude adapalene (I) using a mixture of organic solvents to obtain pure adapalene (I).
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(2010/11/29)
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- Pharmaceutical/cosmetic compositions comprising a novel RARbeta receptor-activating ligand
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Novel ligand compounds having the structural formula (I): and the salts and optical/geometrical isomers thereof are suited for formulation into pharmaceutical compositions useful in human or veterinary medicine, or, alternatively, into cosmetic compositio
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(2008/06/13)
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- An adamantyl-substituted retinoid-derived molecule that inhibits cancer cell growth and angiogenesis by inducing apoptosis and binds to small heterodimer partner nuclear receptor: Effects of modifying its carboxylate group on apoptosis, proliferation, and
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Apoptotic and antiproliferative activities of small heterodimer partner (SHP) nuclear receptor ligand (E)-4-[3′-(1-adamantyl)-4′- hydroxyphenyl]-3-chlorocinnamic acid (3-Cl-AHPC), which was derived from 6-[3′-(1-adamantyl)-4′-hydroxyphenyl]-2-naphthalenec
- Dawson, Marcia I.,Xia, Zebin,Liu, Gang,Fontana, Joseph A.,Farhana, Lulu,Patel, Bhamik B.,Arumugarajah, Sankari,Bhuiyan, Mohammad,Zhang, Xiao-Kun,Han, Young-Hoon,Stallcup, William B.,Fukushi, Jun-Ichi,Mustelin, Tomas,Tautz, Lutz,Su, Ying,Harris, Danni L.,Waleh, Nahid,Hobbs, Peter D.,Jong, Ling,Chao, Wan-Ru,Schiff, Leonard J.,Sani, Brahma P.
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p. 2622 - 2639
(2008/02/04)
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- Anti-cancer agents and uses thereof
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The present invention is in the area of novel compounds and salts thereof, their syntheses, and their use as anti-cancer agents. The compounds include compounds of Formula I: and solvates, hydrates and pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, wherein A1 is N or CR1; A3 is N or CR3; A5 is N or CR5; R1, R3—R6 and L are defined in the specification; n is 0 or 1; and X is an optionally-substituted aryl group having 6-10 carbons in the ring portion, an optionally-substituted 6-membered heteroaryl group having 1-3 nitrogen atoms in the ring portion, an optionally-substituted 5-membered heteroaryl group having 0-4 nitrogen atoms in the ring portion and optionally having 1 sulfur atom or 1 oxygen atom in the ring portion, or an optionally-substituted heteroaryl group in which a 6-membered ring is fused either to a 5-membered ring or to a 6-membered ring, wherein in each case 1, 2, 3 or 4 ring atoms are heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. They are effective against a broad range of cancers, especially leukemia, non-small cell lung and colon.
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Page/Page column 39
(2008/06/13)
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- A high yield and pilot-scale process for the preparation of adapalene
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Strategies that were adopted during the process development of adapalene to achieve a cost-effective commercial-scale synthesis are described herein. These included (1) the use of AcOH/H2SO4 to afford 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-bromophenol in quantitative yield; (2) the dimethyl sulfate methylation to enhance the yield of methylation to 95%; (3) direct conversion of the Grignard reagent into methyl 6-(3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-2- naphthoate by the catalysis of both PdCl2-(PPh3) 2 and ZnCl2 in high yield; (4) the use of EDTA-disodium salt dihydrate to ensure the heavy metal's content within acceptable limits; (5) the use of toluene to simplify the original Chromatographic purification to recrystallization. The pilot-scale synthesis of adapalene is described in detail in the Experimental Section.
- Liu, Zhichang,Xiang, Jiannan
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p. 285 - 288
(2012/12/22)
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- Use of a RAR-gamma-specific agonist ligand for increasing the rate of apoptosis
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The present invention relates to the use of at least one RAR receptor agonist ligand, particularly 6-[3-(adamantan-1-yl)-4-(prop-2-ynyloxy)phenyl]naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid or 5-[(E)-3-oxo-3-(5,5,8,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-2-yl)propenyl]thiophene-2-carb
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- Heterocyclic derivatives for the treatment of cancer and other proliferative diseases
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The invention relates to certain heterocyclic compounds useful for the treatment of cancer and other diseases, having the Formula (I): wherein: (a) m is an integer 0 or 1; (b) R12 is an alkyl, a substituted alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a substituted cycloalkyl, a heterocyclic, a substituted heterocyclic, a heteroaryl, a substituted heteroaryl, an aryl or a substituted aryl residue; (c) Ar3 is an aryl, a substituted aryl, a heteroaryl or a substituted heteroaryl residue; (d) Ar4 is an aryl, a substituted aryl, a heteroaryl or a substituted heteroaryl residue; (e) R5 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl or substituted alkyl; (f) - - - - - represents a bond present or absent; and (g) W, X, Y and Z are independently or together C(O)—, C(S), S, O, or NH; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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- Acetylenes disubstituted with 2-tetrahydropyranoxyaryl and aryl or heteroaryl groups having retinoid-like biological activity
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Compounds of the formula STR1 wherein R1 -R5, X, Y, A, B are as defined in the specification have retinoid-like biological activity.
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- Synthesis, structure-affinity relationships, and biological activities of ligands binding to retinoic acid receptor subtypes
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The retinoic acid receptors (RARs) transduce retinoid dependant gene regulation, and many biological effects of retinoids are mediated through binding and activation of three closely related receptor subtypes (RARα, RARβ, and RARγ). In order to investigate the role of receptor subtypes, we have carried out a chemical synthesis program to seek selective retinoids for these receptors. We measured receptor binding affinity using recombinant RARα, -β, and -γ proteins and assessed cellular differentiating activity in F9 murine teratocarcinoma cells (F9 cells). This research has identified the 4-substituted-3-(1-adamantyl)phenyl moiety as a new pharmacophore which can replace the β-cyclogeranylidene ring of the naturally ocurring all- trans-retinoic acid. Two chemical series derived from the general structures 6-(3-tertioalkyl-phenyl)-2-naphthoic acid (series I) and 4-[(E)-2-(3- tertioalkylphenyl)propenyl]benzoic acid (series II) were developed. In particular, we have obtained the RARγ selective derivatives 6-[3-(1- adamantyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid (7) [K(i)(RARα) = 6500 nM, Ki(RARβ) = 2480 nM, K(i)(RARγ) = 77 nM] and 4-[(E)-2-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4- hydroxyphenyl]propenyl]benzoic acid (19) [K(i)(RARα) = 1 144 nM, K(i)(RARβ) = 1245 nM, K(i)(RARγ) = 53 nM]. In series I, the presence of a phenol group, irrespective of the nature of tertioalkyl group, imparted at least partial RARγ selectivity, whereas in series II, the presence of both adamantyl and phenol groups is needed to confer RARγ selectivity. The RARγ selective ligands induce differentiation in F9 cells (7, AC50 = 33 nM; 19, AC50 = 66 nM). From series I, a mixed RARβ-γ agonist with potent cellular differentiating activity was selected for development as a topical antiacne agent, 6-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-naphthoic acid (5, CD 271) [K(i)(RARα) = 1100 nM, K(i)-(RARβ) = 34 nM, K(i)(RARγ) = 130 nM, AC50(F9) = 37 nM]. Finally, from series II, we have obtained a weak antagonist in the F9 cellular differentiation assay, 4-[(E)-2-(3-tert-butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl)propenyl]benzoic acid (15, IC50 = 700 nM).
- Charpentier,Bernardon,Eustache,Millois,Martin,Michel,Shroot
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p. 4993 - 5006
(2007/10/03)
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- Process for the preparation of 1-adamantane derivatives
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A process for the preparation of 1-adamantane derivatives characterized by the fact that a 1-acyloxyadamantane, in which the acyl group contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms, is reacted with a receptor compound in a linear aliphatic or cycloaliphatic type solvent in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid and at ambient temperature.
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- Benzonaphthalene derivatives and compositions
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A benzonaphthalene compound has the formula STR1 wherein R1 represents (i) STR2 or (ii) --CH2 OH; R6 represents STR3 or OR7 wherein R7 represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1-20 carbon atoms, monohydroxyalkyl or polyhydroxyalkyl, r' or r" represent hydrogen, lower alkyl, mono or polyhydroxyalkyl, aryl or a residue of an amino acid or a sugar, or together form a heterocycle; R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1-15 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1-4 carbon atoms or a cycloaliphatic radical; R3 represents hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1-10 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic radical, a thiocycloaliphatic radical or --O--Si(CH3)2 --R8 wherein R8 represents lower alkyl; and R4 and R5 represent hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxy or lower acyloxy. This compound is useful in the topical and systemic treatment of dermatologic diseases and in the treatment of the degeneration of conjuctive tissues. The compound also possesses anti-tumor activity.
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- Benzo (b) thiophene carboxylate derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions
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Aromatic heterocyclic derivatives have the formula STR1 wherein R1 represents STR2 wherein R3 represents hydrogen, --OR4 wherein R4 represents hydrogen, alkyl having 1-20 carbon atoms or mono- or polyhydroxyalkyl or R3 represents STR3 wherein r' and r" represent hydrogen, lower alkyl or together form a heterocycle, R2 represents hydrogen or --CH3 and Ar represents STR4 wherein Z is O or S, STR5 wherein R5 is lower alkyl or STR6 wherein R6 is hydrogen or alkyl having 1-10 carbon atoms and R7 represents alkyl having 4-12 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl, Y is CH or a nitrogen atom and X represents oxygen, sulfur or --N--R8 when R8 represents hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxycarbonyl, with the proviso that (i) when Y is CH and X is oxygen or sulfur Ar is other than C and (ii) when Y is nitrogen and X is oxygen, Ar is other than (C) or (D) in which R6 is alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms and R7 is branched alkyl having 4-12 atoms useful in veterinary or human therapy and in cosmetic formulations.
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