Atom-transfer radical (ATR) reactions of alkenes with R-X usually give products having new C-C and C-X bonds at the adjacent carbons. However, when the reaction was carried out under irradiation using a low-pressure Hg lamp, addition/reduction products were obtained in good yield. Hydrogen bromide, formed by H-abstraction of a bromine radical from alkenes, is likely to play a key role in the reductive ATR reaction.
Sumino, Shuhei,Fusano, Akira,Ryu, Ilhyong
supporting information
p. 2826 - 2829
(2013/07/19)
Process for the monoalkylation of C-H acid methylene groups
The ratio of the alkali(ne earth) carbonate to the methylene group-containing substrate is above 0.6 : 1 in the monoalkylation of C-H acid methylene groups by reaction of the substrate in a polar aprotic solvent with a dihalogen compound having its halogens separated by a chain of at least3C and with reaction being in presence of the alkali(ne earth) carbonates and a phase transfer catalyst and being accompanied by continuous removal of the water formed. An Independent claim is also included for production of omega-haloalkyl-nitriles or -carboxylic acids by reacting a malonic acid diester or cyanoacetic ester with an alpha,omega-dihaloalkane as above and then saponifying and decarboxylating the product.
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Page/Page column 6
(2008/06/13)
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