1069-87-0Relevant articles and documents
Enzymatic synthesis of symmetrical 1,3-diacylglycerols by direct esterification of glycerol in solvent-free system
Rosu, Roxana,Yasui, Mamoru,Iwasaki, Yugo,Yamane, Tsuneo
, p. 839 - 843 (1999)
1,3-Diacylglycerols were synthesized by direct esterification of glycerol with free fatty acids in a solvent-free system. Free fatty acids with relatively low melting points (45°C) such as unsaturated and medium-chain saturated fatty acids were used. With stoichiometric ratios of the reactants and water removal by evaporation at 3 mm Hg vacuum applied at 1 h and thereafter, the maximal 1,3-diacylglycerol content in the reaction mixture was: 84.6% for 1,3-dicaprylin, 84.4% for 1,3-dicaprin, 74.3% for 1,3-dilinolein, 71.7% for 1,3-dieicosapentaenoin, 67.4% for 1,3-dilaurin, and 61.1% for 1,3-diolein. Some of the system's parameters (temperature, water removal, and molar ratio of the reactants) were optimized for the production of 1,3-dicaprylin, and the maximal yield reached 98%. The product was used for the chemical synthesis of 1,3-dicapryloyl-2-eicosapentaenoylglycerol. The yield after purification was 42%, and the purity of the triacylglycerol was 98% (both 1,3-dicapryloyl-2-eicosapentaenoylglycerol and 1,2-dicapryloyl-3-eicosapentaenoylglycerol included) by gas chromatographic analysis, of which 90% was the desired structured triacylglycerol (1,3-dicapryloyl-2-eicosapentaenoylglycerol) as determined by silver ion high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis.
Regio- and stereoselectivity in preparation of 2-deoxysugar glycoglycerolipid derivatives evaluated by high resolution 1H NMR
Wandzik, Ilona,Bugla, Joanna,Szeja, Wieslaw
, p. 77 - 83 (2006)
New glycoglycerolipids, derivatives of 2-deoxysugars bearing one or two fatty acid chains have been synthesised. Various levels of regio- and stereoselectivity have been attained for the triphenylphosphine hydrobromide (TPHB) catalysed addition of the glycerol moiety to some representative glycals. The influence of the structure of glycal derivatives in glycosylation reactions is discussed.
Lipase-catalyzed alcoholysis of triglycerides for short-chain monoglyceride production
Lee, Guan-Chiun,Wang, Dong-Lin,Ho, Yi-Fang,Shaw, Jei-Fu
, p. 533 - 536 (2004)
Lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens efficiently catalyzed the alcoholysis of various TG in dry alcohols. For TG with short-chain FA, more MG were accumulated. The yields of MG were affected by the alcohols used. The maximum yields of MG were as follows: 8
Biobased catalyst in biorefinery processes: Sulphonated hydrothermal carbon for glycerol esterification
De La Calle, Carlos,Fraile, José M.,García-Bordejé, Enrique,Pires, Elísabet,Roldán, Laura
, p. 2897 - 2903 (2015/05/13)
Sulphonated hydrothermal carbon (SHTC), obtained from d-glucose by mild hydrothermal carbonisation and subsequent sulphonation with sulphuric acid, is able to catalyse the esterification of glycerol with different carboxylic acids, namely, acetic, butyric and caprylic acids. Product selectivity can be tuned by simply controlling the reaction conditions. On the one hand, SHTC provides one of the best selectivity towards monoacetins described up to now without the need for an excess of glycerol. On the other hand, excellent selectivity towards triacylglycerides (TAG) can be obtained, beyond those described with other solid catalysts, including well-known sulphonic resins. Recovery of the catalyst showed partial deactivation of the solid. The formation of sulphonate esters on the surface, confirmed by solid state NMR, was the cause of this behaviour. Acid treatment of the used catalyst, with subsequent hydrolysis of the surface sulphonate esters, allows SHTC to recover its activity. The higher selectivity towards mono- and triesters and its renewable origin makes SHTC an attractive catalyst in biorefinery processes.
Lipid-improving agent and composition containing lipid-improving agent
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Page/Page column 7, (2010/11/23)
A lipid-improving agent containing a triglyceride(s) where a poly-unsaturated fatty acid is bonded to 2-position of a triglyceride(s).
Compositions and methods for targeted enzymatic release of cell regulatory compounds
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Page column 31, (2010/02/05)
Novel pro-drugs and methods for their use to alter the growth and biological characteristics of living cells, tissues, or whole organisms are described. The methods allow for selective activation of the pro-drugs at or near transformant host cells expressing a gene for an enzyme that activates the pro-drugs. Pro-drugs according to a preferred embodiment of the invention are conjugates of a bioactive compound and a chemical group that is capable of being cleaved from the bioactive compound by action of an enzyme. Methods according to this invention include, (a) introducing into targeted cells a gene encoding an enzyme and (b) administering a pro-drug, wherein the enzyme releases the pro-drug from conjugation. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gene encoding the enzyme is a marker gene.
Coumarin-4-ylmethoxycarbonyls as Phototriggers for Alcohols and Phenols
Suzuki, Akinobu Z.,Watanabe, Takayoshi,Kawamoto, Mika,Nishiyama, Keiko,Yamashita, Hirotaka,Ishii, Megumi,Iwamura, Michiko,Furuta, Toshiaki
, p. 4867 - 4870 (2007/10/03)
(Equation Presented) Caged compounds can be used to regulate the spatial and temporal dynamics of signaling molecules in live cells. Photochemical properties of coumarin-4-ylmethoxy carbonates (1a-d) are investigated to construct caged compounds of hydroxy-containing molecules. All the compounds possess desired properties as phototriggers for alcohols and phenols. The 6-bromo-7-hydroxycoumarin-4-ylmethoxycarbonyl (Bhcmoc) group has the highest photochemical efficiency and is applied to make caged compounds of 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol (diC8), Tyr-OMe, and adenosine.
Stereospecific protein kinase C activation by photolabile diglycerides
Sreekumar,Pi,Huang,Walker
, p. 341 - 346 (2007/10/03)
The synthesis and photochemistry of diglycerides designed to photolyze to bioactive diacylglycerols and optimized for facile incorporation into biological membranes is described. Stereospecific activation of protein kinase C in vitro and in living cells is demonstrated.
Cosmetic composition
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, (2008/06/13)
A composition suitable for topical application to mammalian skin and hair for inducing, maintaining or increasing hair growth comprises a hair growth promoter chosen from glutamine derivatives and salts thereof. The composition preferably also comprises an activity enhancer which may be chosen from hair growth stimulants, penetration enhancers and cationic polymers.