- Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Dual-Target Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
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A series of dual-target AChE/PDE9A inhibitor compounds were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as anti-Alzheimer's Disease (AD) agents. Among these target compounds, 11a (AChE: IC50 = 0.048 μM; PDE9A: IC50 = 0.530 μM) and 11b (AChE: IC50 = 0.223 μM; PDE9A: IC50 = 0.285 μM) exhibited excellent and balanced dual-target AChE/PDE9A inhibitory activities. Meanwhile, those two compounds possess good blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrability and low neurotoxicity. Especially, 11a and 11b could ameliorate learning deficits induced by scopolamine (Scop). Moreover, 11a could also improve cognitive and spatial memory in Aβ25-35-induced cognitive deficit mice in the Morris water-maze test. In summary, our research developed a series of potential dual-target AChE/PDE9A inhibitors, and the data indicated that 11a was a promising candidate drug for the treatment of AD.
- Hu, Jinhui,Huang, Ya-Dan,Pan, Tingting,Zhang, Tianhua,Su, Tao,Li, Xingshu,Luo, Hai-Bin,Huang, Ling
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- 1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ones and 1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-4-ones as PDE1 Inhibitors
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The present invention provides 1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ones and 1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-4-ones of formula (I) as PDE1 inhibitors and their use as a medicament, in particular for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and psychiatric disorders.
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Paragraph 0164; 0165
(2017/10/30)
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- PYRAZOLO[3,4-D]PYRIMIDIN-4(5H)-ONE DERIVATIVES AS PDE9 INHIBITORS
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A compound of the general formula (I) wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl unsubstituted or substituted with 1 to 3 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, I, CN, -O-C1-C3-alkyl, fluorinated -O-C1-C3-alkyl, -(CH2)mOH and 5-membered heterocyclic group with 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S; and 6- or 10-membered heteroaryl with 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, N and S; R2 and R3 independently of each other represent H atom or straight or branched C1-C3 alkyl; R4 is selected from the group consisting of 4- to 6- membered cycloalkyl, wherein one of carbon atoms can be replaced by O atom, and which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two halogen atoms,and straight or branched C1-C4 alkyl; Q represents a bond or C1-C3-alkylene, which can be optionally substituted by one to three C1-C3-alkyls; X is selected from the group consisting of O, NR5, and S(O)p; R5 represents H atom or C1-C3alkyl; m is 1, 2 or 3; p is 0, 1 or 2; and salts thereof, for use as a medicament, in particular for treating cognitive function disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
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- NOVEL COMPOUNDS AS DUAL INHIBITORS OF PHOSPHODIESTERASES AND HISTONE DEACETYLASES
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It relates to certain compounds having a polycyclic structure and a hydroxamic acid moiety, wherein the polycyclic structure comprises at least three ring systems, wherein one ring system is a polycyclic ring system comprising from 2 to 4 rings; at least one ring is an aromatic ring; and wherein the structure comprises at least 3 nitrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. It also relates to a process for their preparation, as well as to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and to their use in medicine, in particular in the treatment and/or prevention of neurological disorders coursing with a cognition deficit or impairment, or neurodegenerative diseases. wherein B1 is a radical selected from the group consisting of formula (A"), formula (B"), formula (C"), and formula (D"):
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Page/Page column 150; 151
(2014/09/16)
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- Design and discovery of 6-[(3 s,4 s)-4-methyl-1-(pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl) pyrrolidin-3-yl]-1-(tetrahydro-2 h -pyran-4-yl)-1,5-dihydro-4 h -pyrazolo[3,4- d ]pyrimidin-4-one (PF-04447943), a selective brain penetrant pde9a inhibitor for the treatment of cognitive disorders
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6-[(3S,4S)-4-Methyl-1-(pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl] -1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one (PF-04447943) is a novel PDE9A inhibitor identified using parallel synthetic chemistry and structure-based drug design (SBDD) and has advanced into clinical trials. Selectivity for PDE9A over other PDE family members was achieved by targeting key residue differences between the PDE9A and PDE1C catalytic site. The physicochemical properties of the series were optimized to provide excellent in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetics properties in multiple species including humans. It has been reported to elevate central cGMP levels in the brain and CSF of rodents. In addition, it exhibits procognitive activity in several rodent models and synaptic stabilization in an amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mouse model. Recent disclosures from clinical trials confirm that it is well tolerated in humans and elevates cGMP in cerebral spinal fluid of healthy volunteers, confirming that it is a quality pharmacological tool for testing clinical hypotheses in disease states associated with impairment of cGMP signaling or cognition.
- Verhoest, Patrick R.,Fonseca, Kari R.,Hou, Xinjun,Proulx-Lafrance, Caroline,Corman, Michael,Helal, Christopher J.,Claffey, Michelle M.,Tuttle, Jamison B.,Coffman, Karen J.,Liu, Shenpinq,Nelson, Frederick,Kleiman, Robin J.,Menniti, Frank S.,Schmidt, Christopher J.,Vanase-Frawley, Michelle,Liras, Spiros
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p. 9045 - 9054
(2013/01/15)
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- Application of structure-based drug design and parallel chemistry to identify selective, brain penetrant, in vivo active phosphodiesterase 9A inhibitors
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Phosphodiesterase 9A inhibitors have shown activity in preclinical models of cognition with potential application as novel therapies for treating Alzheimers disease. Our clinical candidate, PF-04447943 (2), demonstrated acceptable CNS permeability in rats with modest asymmetry between central and peripheral compartments (free brain/free plasma = 0.32; CSF/free plasma = 0.19) yet had physicochemical properties outside the range associated with traditional CNS drugs. To address the potential risk of restricted CNS penetration with 2 in human clinical trials, we sought to identify a preclinical candidate with no asymmetry in rat brain penetration and that could advance into development. Merging the medicinal chemistry strategies of structure-based design with parallel chemistry, a novel series of PDE9A inhibitors was identified that showed improved selectivity over PDE1C. Optimization afforded preclinical candidate 19 that demonstrated free brain/free plasma ≥1 in rat and reduced microsomal clearance along with the ability to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphosphate levels in rat CSF.
- Claffey, Michelle M.,Helal, Christopher J.,Verhoest, Patrick R.,Kang, Zhijun,Fors, Kristina S.,Jung, Stanley,Zhong, Jiaying,Bundesmann, Mark W.,Hou, Xinjun,Lui, Shenping,Kleiman, Robin J.,Vanase-Frawley, Michelle,Schmidt, Anne W.,Menniti, Frank,Schmidt, Christopher J.,Hoffman, William E.,Hajos, Mihaly,McDowell, Laura,Oconnor, Rebecca E.,MacDougall-Murphy, Mary,Fonseca, Kari R.,Becker, Stacey L.,Nelson, Frederick R.,Liras, Spiros
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p. 9055 - 9068
(2013/01/15)
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- AMINO-HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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The invention provides PDE9-inhibiting compounds of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, A, and n are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of Formula I, and uses thereof in treating neurodegenerative and cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, are also provided.
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Page/Page column 11-12
(2010/08/07)
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- 1-HETEROCYCLYL-1,5-DIHYDRO-PYRAZOLO[3,4-D] PYRIMIDIN-4-ONE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS PDE9A MODULATORS
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The invention relates to novel 1,6-disubstituted pyrazolopyrimidinones, Formula (I) with Hc is a mono-, bi- or tricyclic heterocyclyl group, the ring members of which are carbon atoms and at least 1, preferably 1, 2 or 3, heteroatom(s), which are selected from the group of nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, which is in the form of -S(O)r - with r being 0, 1 or 2, and - said heterocyclyl group is or comprises 1 non-aromatic, saturated, or partly unsaturated monocyclic ring which comprises at least 1 heteroatom as ring member and - said heterocyclyl group is bound to the scaffold by said 1 non- aromatic, saturated, or partly unsaturated monocyclic ring which comprises at least 1 heteroatom as ring member. According to one aspect of the invention the new compounds are for the manufacture of medicaments, in particular medicaments for the treatment of conditions concerning deficits in perception, concentration, learning or memory. The new compounds are also for the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Page/Page column 180
(2009/10/30)
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- AMINO-HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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The invention provides PDE9-inhibiting compounds of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of Formul
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Page/Page column 36
(2009/02/11)
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- AMINO-HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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The invention provides PDE9-inhibiting compounds of Formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of Formul
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Page/Page column 91
(2009/01/20)
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