- Synthesis of multiply substituted 1,6-dihydropyridines through Cu(I)-catalyzed 6-endo cyclization
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Copper-catalyzed 6-endo cyclization of N-propargylic β-enaminocarbonyls was developed for the synthesis of oxidation-labile 1,6-dihydropyridines. This synthetic method allows flexible and regio-defined assembly of various substituents at the N1, C2, C3, C4, and C6 positions of 1,6-dihydropyridines under mild conditions.
- Mizoguchi, Haruki,Watanabe, Ryo,Minami, Shintaro,Oikawa, Hideaki,Oguri, Hiroki
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- Synthesis and structure-activity studies of novel anhydrohexitol-based Leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors
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Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) is a clinically validated target for the development of antimicrobials. This enzyme catalyzes the formation of charged tRNALeu molecules, an essential substrate for protein translation. In the first step of catalysis LeuRS activates leucine using ATP, forming a leucyl-adenylate intermediate. Bi-substrate inhibitors that mimic this chemically labile phosphoanhydride-linked nucleoside have proven to be potent inhibitors of different members of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family but, to date, they have demonstrated poor antibacterial activity. We synthesized a small series of 1,5-anhydrohexitol-based analogues coupled to a variety of triazoles and performed detailed structure-activity relationship studies with bacterial LeuRS. In an in vitro assay, Kiapp values in the nanomolar range were demonstrated. Inhibitory activity differences between the compounds revealed that the polarity and size of the triazole substituents affect binding. X-ray crystallographic studies of N. gonorrhoeae LeuRS in complex with all the inhibitors highlighted the crucial interactions defining their relative enzyme inhibitory activities. We further examined their in vitro antimicrobial properties by screening against several bacterial and yeast strains. While only weak antibacterial activity against M. tuberculosis was detected, the extensive structural data which were obtained could make these LeuRS inhibitors a suitable starting point towards further antibiotic development.
- De Ruysscher, Dries,Pang, Luping,Lenders, Stijn M.G.,Cappoen, Davie,Cos, Paul,Rozenski, Jef,Strelkov, Sergei V.,Weeks, Stephen D.,Van Aerschot, Arthur
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- Functionalized triazolopeptoids-a novel class for mitochondrial targeted delivery
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Here we introduce linear 1,4-triazolopeptoids as a novel class of cell penetrating peptidomimetics suitable as organ targeting molecular transporters of bioactive cargo. Repetitive triazole moieties with up to three residues were assembled on solid supports using copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloadditions (CuAAC) in a submonomer approach. Depending on the lipophilicity of their side chain appendages the 1,4-triazolopeptoids showed either endosomal localization or a strong colocalization with the mitochondria of HeLa cells with moderate toxicity. While the basic triazolopeptoids mainly target the neuromast cells in zebrafish embryos, the lipophilic ones colocalize with either cartilage in the jaws and the blood vessel system. This journal is
- Althuon, Daniela,R?nicke, Franziska,Fürniss, Daniel,Quan, Jasmin,Wellh?fer, Isabelle,Jung, Nicole,Schepers, Ute,Br?se, Stefan
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- The regiochemistry of carbenoid insertion into zirconacycles
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The regioselectivity of insertion of lithium chloroallylides (allyl carbenoids) into a wide variety of unsymmetrical zirconacycles has been determined. In all but one case a single regioisomer was obtained. A combination of steric and electronic effects is needed to explain the results and imply that the carbenoid is acting predominantly as an electrophilic species. The first carbenoid insertion into a zirconacyclopentadiene is noted. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
- Gordon, George J.,Luker, Tim,Tuckett, Mark W.,Whitby, Richard J.
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- Robust Silver(I) Catalyst for the Carboxylative Cyclization of Propargylic Alcohols with Carbon Dioxide under Ambient Conditions
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Inspired by the bulkier bis(triphenylphosphine)-silver cation-induced mechanism of propargylic alcohols and carbon dioxide through the alkyl carbonate intermediate, a robust dual-component catalytic system consisting of silver acetate and tetraheptylammonium bromide was rationally developed for the synthesis of α-methylene cyclic carbonates under ambient conditions without employing any additional organic base and ligand. This is one of the most effective catalysts reported to date for this conversion, with a very high turnover number of up to 6024, probably due to the synergistic effect of Lewis basic and Lewis acidic species for the activation of both propargylic alcohol and carbon dioxide by the formation of the alkyl carbonate with a bulkier counterion. Notably, this catalyst also worked well for the carboxylative cyclization of propargylic amines with carbon dioxide with the highest turnover number of 544.
- Song, Qing-Wen,He, Liang-Nian
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- Highly regioselective synthesis of substituted isoindolinones via ruthenium-catalyzed alkyne cyclotrimerizations
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(Cyclooctadiene)(pentamethylcyclopentadiene) ruthenium chloride [Cp*RuCl (cod)] has been used to catalyze the regioselective cyclization of amide-tethered diynes with monosubstituted alkynes to give polysubstituted isoindolinones. Notably, the presence of a trimethylsilyl group on the diyne generally led to complete control over the regioselectivity of the alkyne cyclotrimerization. The cyclization reaction worked well in a sustainable non-chlorinated solvent and was tolerant of moisture. The optimized conditions were effective with a diverse range of alkynes and diynes. The 7-silylisoindolinone products could be halogenated, protodesilylated or ring opened to access a range of usefully functionalized products.
- Foster, Robert W.,Tame, Christopher J.,Hailes, Helen C.,Sheppard, Tom D.
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- Novel glucopyranoside C2-derived 1,2,3-triazoles displaying selective inhibition of O-GlcNAcase (OGA)
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O-GlcNAcylation or O-GlcNAc modification is a post-translational modification of several proteins responsible for fundamental cellular processes. Dysregulation of the O-GlcNAc pathway has been linked to the etiology of several diseases such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and cancer. O-GlcNAcase (OGA) catalyzes the removal of O-GlcNAc from the modified proteins and several carbohydrate-based OGA inhibitors have been synthesized to understand the role of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins in physiological and pathological conditions. However, many of the inhibitors lack selectivity for OGA over lysosomal hexosaminidases A and B. Aiming the selectively inhibition of OGA, we propose herein the synthesis of twelve novel glucopyranoside derivatives exploring the bioisosteric replacement of the GlcNAc 2-acetamide group by 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole ring, bearing a variety of central chains with different shapes. Compounds were readily prepared through “Copper(I) Catalyzed Azide/Alkyne Cycloaddition” (CuAAC) reaction between a sugar azide and different terminal alkynes. Initial Western Blot analyses and further inhibitory assays proved that compounds 6a (IC50 = 0.50 ± 0.02 μM, OGA), 6k (IC50 = 0.52 ± 0.01 μM, OGA) and 6l (IC50 = 0.72 ± 0.02 μM, OGA) were the most potent and selective compounds of the series. Structure-activity relationship analyses and molecular docking simulations demonstrated that the bridge of two-carbon atoms between the C-4 position of the triazole and the phenyl ring (6a), which may be replaced by heteroatoms such as N (6k) or O (6l), is fundamental for accommodation and inhibition within OGA catalytic pocket.
- Igual, Michelle O.,Nunes, Paulo S.G.,da Costa, Rafael M.,Mantoani, Susimaire P.,Tostes, Rita C.,Carvalho, Ivone
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- Synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles from activated alkynes and n-propargylamines through base-catalyzed cascade reaction
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A novel K3PO4-catalyzed synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles by a Michael addition/alkyne carbocyclization of activated alkynes and N-propargylamines has been developed. This transition-metal-free cascade process represents an environmental friendly and efficient way to construct polysubstituted pyrroles in good yields. Catalyzed by CsF, a Michael addition/aza-Claisen rearrangement/cyclization sequential process has been achieved to selectively synthesize pyrroles in moderate yields. An efficient method for the synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles from activated alkynes and N-propargylamines has been developed. This cascade process represents an atom- and step-economical way to construct a range of polysubstituted pyrroles and involves base-catalyzed Michael addition/alkyne carbocyclization or Michael addition/aza-Claisen rearrangement/cyclization.
- Weng, Jianquan,Chen, Yong,Yue, Binjie,Xu, Meng,Jin, Hongwei
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- N-Cyanation of Primary and Secondary Amines with Cyanobenzio-doxolone (CBX) Reagent
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An efficient electrophilic N-cyanation of amines with a stable and less-toxic cyanobenziodoxole reagent towards the synthesis of cyanamides is disclosed. This synthetically practicable strategy allows the construction of a wide variety of cyanamides under very mild and simple conditions with a broad functional group compatibility, and showcases a huge potential in late-stage modification of complex molecules.
- Chen, Zimin,Yuan, Weiming
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supporting information
p. 14836 - 14840
(2021/09/30)
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- N-Propargylamine-hydroxypyridinone hybrids as multitarget agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
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AD is a progressive brain disorder. Because of the lack of remarkable single-target drugs against neurodegenerative disorders, the multitarget-directed ligand strategy has received attention as a promising therapeutic approach. Herein, we rationally designed twenty-nine hybrids of N-propargylamine-hydroxypyridinone. The designed hybrids possessed excellent iron-chelating activity (pFe3+ = 17.09–22.02) and potent monoamine oxidase B inhibitory effects. Various biological evaluations of the optimal compound 6b were performed step by step, including inhibition screening of monoamine oxidase (hMAO-B IC50 = 0.083 ± 0.001 μM, hMAO-A IC50 = 6.11 ± 0.08 μM; SI = 73.5), prediction of blood–brain barrier permeability and mouse behavioral research. All of these favorable results proved that the N-propargylamine-hydroxypyridinone scaffold is a promising structure for the discovery of multitargeted ligands for AD therapy.
- Bai, Renren,Ge, Jiamin,Guo, Jianan,Jiang, Xiaoying,Xie, Yuanyuan,Yao, Chuansheng,Zhang, Changjun,Zhang, Jingqi,Zhang, Yujia,Zhong, Zhichao,Zhou, Tao
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- Pyridone hexa-alkyne amine modified derivative and preparation method and application thereof
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The invention relates to a pyridone hexa-alkyne amine modified derivative as shown in a formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a preparation method thereof, application of the pyridone hexa-alkyne amine modified derivative or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to preparation of drugs for preventing or treating related diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, by inhibiting monoamine oxidase, chelating metal iron ions, resisting Abeta and resisting oxidation. According to the invention, a series of novel single-molecule multi-target anti-ADactive compounds are synthesized, and pyridone derivatives with iron ion chelating activity and propynylamine with MAOB inhibitory activity are creatively and organically combined together, so that the compounds have remarkable advantages on Alzheimer's disease with complex pathogenesis; and the combined molecules are far superior to CP20 (deferiprone) in the aspect of iron ion chelating activity.
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Paragraph 0085; 0090
(2021/03/30)
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- One-pot, two-step synthesis of 7-methylene-1,5-piperazine-fused 1,2,3-triazoles
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A facile, one-pot two-step synthesis of 7-methylene-1,5-piperazine-fused 1,2,3-triazole derivatives has been developed. The protocol employs an N-allylation of N-propargylated amines with 2,3-dibromopropene in the presence of K2CO3 in DMSO and a CuI-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of the synthetic N-(2-bromoallyl)-N-propargyl amines with sodium azide sequentially. Such a method provides methylene-substituted 1,2,3-triazole fused piperazines with some advantages such as simple operation, high efficiency and good product yield (80–91%) through readily available starting materials.
- Kuang, Lu,Ming, Peng,Wan, Chang-Feng,Chen, Jun-Min,Sheng, Shou-Ri
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p. 563 - 569
(2020/11/19)
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- Non-Noble-Metal Metal-Organic-Framework-Catalyzed Carboxylative Cyclization of Propargylic Amines with Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide under Ambient Conditions
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The coupling reaction of propargylic amines and carbon dioxide (CO2) to synthesize 2-oxazolidinones is an important reaction in industrial production, and yet harsh reaction conditions and noble-metal catalysts are often required to achieve high product yields. Herein, one novel noble-metal-free three-dimensional framework, [Mg3Cu2I2(IN)4(HCOO)2(DEF)4]n (1), assembled by magnesium and copper clusters was synthesized and applied to this reaction. Compound 1 displays excellent solvent stability. Importantly, 1, acting as heterogeneous catalyst, can highly catalyze the cyclization of propargylic amines with CO2 under atmospheric pressure at room temperature, which can be recycled at least five times without an obvious decrease of the catalytic activity. NMR spectroscopy, coupled with 13C-isotope- and deuterium-labeling experiments, clearly clarifies the mechanism of this catalytic system: CO2 was successfully captured and converted to the product of 2-oxazolidinones, the CC bond of propargylic amines can be effectively activated by 1, and proton transfer was involved in the reaction process. Density functional theory calculations are further conducted to uncover the reaction path and the crucial role of compound 1 during the reaction.
- Gu, Ai-Ling,Wang, Wan-Ting,Cheng, Xin-Yu,Hu, Tian-Ding,Wu, Zhi-Lei
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supporting information
p. 13425 - 13433
(2021/08/30)
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- Integrated Electro-Biocatalysis for Amine Alkylation with Alcohols
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The integration of electro and bio-catalysis offers new ways of making molecules under very mild, environmentally benign conditions. We show that TEMPO mediated electro-catalytic oxidation of alcohols can be adapted to work in aqueous buffers, with minimal organic co-solvent, enabling integration with biocatalytic reductive amination using the AdRedAm enzyme. The combined process offers a new approach to amine alkylation with native alcohols, a key bond formation in the chemical economy that is currently achieved via precious metal-catalyzed hydrogen-borrowing technologies. The electrobio transformation is effective for primary and secondary alcohols undergoing coupling with allyl, propargyl, benzyl, and cyclopropyl amines, and has been adapted for use with solid-supported AdRedAm for ease of operation.
- Pe?afiel, Itziar,Dryfe, Robert A. W.,Turner, Nicholas J.,Greaney, Michael F.
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p. 864 - 867
(2021/01/21)
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- BTK Inhibitors and uses thereof
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The invention discloses a bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor and use thereof. Specifically, the invention provides heteroaromatic compounds or stereoisomers, geometrical isomers, tautomers, racemates, nitrogen oxides, hydrates, solvates, metabolites and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions containing the heteroaromatic compounds; the invention also discloses use of the heteroaromatic compounds or the pharmaceutical compositions containing the heteroaromatic compounds in preparation of medicines; the medicines can be used for treating autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases or proliferative diseases.
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Paragraph 1210-1215
(2020/05/02)
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- Highly Efficient Conversion of Propargylic Amines and CO2 Catalyzed by Noble-Metal-Free [Zn116] Nanocages
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The reaction of propargylic amines and CO2 can provide high-value-added chemical products. However, most of catalysts in such reactions employ noble metals to obtain high yield, and it is important to seek eco-friendly noble-metal-free MOFs catalysts. Here, a giant and lantern-like [Zn116] nanocage in zinc-tetrazole 3D framework [Zn22(Trz)8(OH)12(H2O)9?8 H2O]n Trz=(C4N12O)4? (1) was obtained and structurally characterized. It consists of six [Zn14O21] clusters and eight [Zn4O4] clusters. To our knowledge, this is the highest-nuclearity nanocages constructed by Zn-clusters as building blocks to date. Importantly, catalytic investigations reveal that 1 can efficiently catalyze the cycloaddition of propargylic amines with CO2, exclusively affording various 2-oxazolidinones under mild conditions. It is the first eco-friendly noble-metal-free MOFs catalyst for the cyclization of propargylic amines with CO2. DFT calculations uncover that ZnII ions can efficiently activate both C≡C bonds of propargylic amines and CO2 by coordination interaction. NMR and FTIR spectroscopy further prove that Zn-clusters play an important role in activating C≡C bonds of propargylic amines. Furthermore, the electronic properties of related reactants, intermediates and products can help to understand the basic reaction mechanism and crucial role of catalyst 1.
- Cao, Chun-Shuai,Cheng, Peng,He, Liang-Nian,Shi, Ying,Song, Zhen-Jun,Xia, Shu-Mei,Xu, Hang,Zhao, Bin
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supporting information
p. 8586 - 8593
(2020/03/26)
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- Enantioselective Carboetherification/Hydrogenation for the Synthesis of Amino Alcohols via a Catalytically Formed Chiral Auxiliary
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Chiral auxiliaries and asymmetric catalysis are the workhorses of enantioselective transformations, but they still remain limited in terms of either efficiency or generality. Herein, we present an alternative strategy for controlling the stereoselectivity of chemical reactions. Asymmetric catalysis is used to install a transient chiral auxiliary starting from achiral precursors, which then directs diastereoselective reactions. We apply this strategy to a palladium-catalyzed carboetherification/hydrogenation sequence on propargylic amines, providing fast access to enantioenriched chiral amino alcohols, important building blocks for medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. All stereoisomers of the product could be accessed by the choice of ligand and substituent on the propargylic amine, leading to a stereodivergent process.
- Buzzetti, Luca,Puri??, Mikus,Greenwood, Phillip D. G.,Waser, Jerome
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supporting information
p. 17334 - 17339
(2020/11/02)
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- Selenoimidazolium Salts as Supramolecular Reagents for Protein Alkylation
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Se-benzyl selenoimidazolium salts are characterized by remarkable alkyl-transfer potential under physiological conditions. Structure-activity relationship studies show that selective monoalkylation of primary amines depends on supramolecular interactions
- Lim, David,Wen, Xiaojin,Seebeck, Florian P.
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p. 3515 - 3520
(2020/09/21)
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- Biocatalytic N-Alkylation of Amines Using Either Primary Alcohols or Carboxylic Acids via Reductive Aminase Cascades
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The alkylation of amines with either alcohols or carboxylic acids represents a mild and safe alternative to the use of genotoxic alkyl halides and sulfonate esters. Here we report two complementary one-pot systems in which the reductive aminase (RedAm) from Aspergillus oryzae is combined with either (i) a 1° alcohol/alcohol oxidase (AO) or (ii) carboxylic acid/carboxylic acid reductase (CAR) to affect N-alkylation reactions. The application of both approaches has been exemplified with respect to substrate scope and also preparative scale synthesis. These new biocatalytic methods address issues facing alternative traditional synthetic protocols such as harsh conditions, overalkylation and complicated workup procedures.
- Ramsden, Jeremy I.,Heath, Rachel S.,Derrington, Sasha R.,Montgomery, Sarah L.,Mangas-Sanchez, Juan,Mulholland, Keith R.,Turner, Nicholas J.
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p. 1201 - 1206
(2019/01/21)
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- Efficient and Recyclable Cobalt(II)/Ionic Liquid Catalytic System for CO2 Conversion to Prepare 2-Oxazolinones at Atmospheric Pressure
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Converting CO2 into value-added chemicals represents a promising way to alleviate the CO2 derived environmental issues, for which the development of catalysts with high efficiency and recyclability is very desirable. Herein, the catalytic system by combining cobalt source and ionic liquid (IL) has been developed as the efficacious and recyclable catalyst for the carboxylative cyclization of propargylic amine and CO2 to prepare 2-oxazolinones. In this protocol, various propargylic amines were successfully transformed into the corresponding 2-oxazolinones with CoBr2 and diethylimidazolium acetate ([EEIM][OAc]) as the catalyst under atmospheric CO2 pressure. It is worth noting that the turnover number (TON) of this transformation can be up to 1740, presumably being attributed to the cooperative effect of the cobalt and IL. Furthermore, the existence of IL enables the catalytic system to be easily recycled to 10 times without losing its activity.
- Zhou, Zhi-Hua,Chen, Kai-Hong,He, Liang-Nian
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supporting information
p. 1223 - 1228
(2019/11/21)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Carbo-Oxygenation of Propargylic Amines using in Situ Tether Formation
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1,2-Amino alcohols and α-aminocarbonyls are frequently found in natural products, drugs, chiral auxiliaries, and catalysts. This work reports a new method for the palladium-catalyzed oxyalkynylation and oxyarylation of propargylic amines. The reaction is perfectly regioselective based on the in situ introduction of a hemiacetal tether derived from trifluoroacetaldehyde. cis-Selective carbo-oxygenation was achieved for terminal alkynes, whereas internal alkynes gave trans-carbo-oxygenation products. The obtained enol ethers could be easily transformed into 1,2-amino alcohols or α-amino ketones using hydrogenation or hydrolysis, respectively.
- Greenwood, Phillip D. G.,Grenet, Erwann,Waser, Jerome
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supporting information
p. 3010 - 3013
(2019/02/07)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Carboxy-Alkynylation of Propargylic Amines Using Carbonate Salts as Carbon Dioxide Source
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A palladium-catalyzed multicomponent reaction of propargylic amines, alkynyl bromides and cesium hydrogen carbonate to access oxazolidinones is reported. In contrast to previous reports, only a slight excess of cesium hydrogen carbonate is used as a surrogate of carbon dioxide. The reaction gives access to oxazolidinones bearing alkyl- and aryl polysubstituted enynes in good yield and very high E stereoselectivity.
- Greenwood, Phillip D. G.,Waser, Jerome
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supporting information
p. 5183 - 5186
(2019/06/10)
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- Facile, catalyst-free cascade synthesis of sulfonyl guanidines: Via carbodiimide coupling with amines
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An expeditious catalyst-free cascade coupling of N,N-dibromoarylsulfonamides with isonitriles and amines via carbodiimide intermediates has been developed. The protocol represents an elegant pathway for sulfonyl guanidines at room temperature within a short time with high yields and wide substrate scope. The carbodiimide intermediate could also be isolated in an appreciable yield.
- Hazarika, Debojit,Borah, Arun Jyoti,Phukan, Prodeep
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supporting information
p. 1418 - 1421
(2019/02/05)
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- One-pot synthesis of substituted-amino triazole-glycosides
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This work combined three classes of compounds in the same molecule “amino triazole-glycoside” and developed a convenient method for the synthesis of this type of compound via a one-pot two step reaction. Alkylation of amine derivatives with propargyl bromide to give propargylamine was performed in the first step subsequently followed by a ‘click’ reaction with various β-azido-glycosides in the presence of CuI in aqueous solution to provide β-amino triazole-glycosides. Thirty-two examples of glycosides were obtained in moderate to good yield using this one-pot procedure.
- Sutcharitruk, Warapond,Sirion, Uthaiwan,Saeeng, Rungnapha
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- Pd-Catalyzed Alkene Diamination Reactions of Nitrogen Electrophiles: Synthesis of Cyclic Guanidines and Ureas Bearing Dialkylaminomethyl Groups
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The Pd-catalyzed coupling of N-allylguanidines or N-allylureas with O-benzoylhydroxylamine derivatives affords cyclic guanidines or cyclic ureas bearing dialkylaminomethyl groups. The desired products are obtained in good yield, and substrates bearing substituents at the allylic position are transformed with moderate diastereoselectivity. The mechanism of these reactions appears to involve anti-aminopalladation of the alkene, followed by a rare sp3C-sp3N bond-forming reductive elimination from an alkylpalladium complex that contains β-hydrogen atoms.
- Peterson, Luke J.,Kirsch, Janelle K.,Wolfe, John P.
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supporting information
p. 3513 - 3517
(2018/06/26)
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- Base-Promoted Carbonylative Cyclization of Propargylic Amines with Selenium under CO Gas-free Conditions
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We report here a new carbonylative procedure for the cyclization of propargylic amines with elemental selenium (Se). By using tBuOK as the promoter, various 1,3-selenazolidin-2-ones were produced without the usage of toxic CO gas. Benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate (TFBen) was employed as a safe and convenient CO surrogate here, and a broad class of substrates (29 examples) were effectively transformed into the desired products in 50–97% yields under mild conditions. (Figure presented.).
- Wang, Hai,Ying, Jun,Lai, Ming,Qi, Xinxin,Peng, Jin-Bao,Wu, Xiao-Feng
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p. 1693 - 1703
(2018/03/21)
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- Construction of the Oxazolidinone Framework from Propargylamine and CO2 in Air at Ambient Temperature: Catalytic Effect of a Gold Complex Featuring an L2/Z-Type Ligand
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The metal-catalyzed carboxylation of propargylamines with aerial CO2 at room temperature to form 5-methyleneoxazolidin-2-one derivatives has been developed. In this reaction, the catalyst [Au(dpbF)]X featuring a Z-type ligand gave the best results, presumably due to the σ-acceptance of the borane atom.
- Inagaki, Fuyuhiko,Maeda, Kakeru,Nakazawa, Kenta,Mukai, Chisato
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p. 2972 - 2976
(2018/06/27)
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- Stereospecific Ring Opening and Cycloisomerization of Aziridines with Propargylamines: Synthesis of Functionalized Piperazines and Tetrahydropyrazines
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Stereospecific Cu-catalyzed nucleophilic ring opening of N-sulfonylaziridines with propargylamines and subsequent hydroamination afford piperazines, which leads to double-bond isomerization to furnish tetrahydropyrazines. Optically active aziridines can be cross-coupled with high enantiomeric purities (>98% ee).
- Das, Bijay Ketan,Pradhan, Sourav,Punniyamurthy, Tharmalingam
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supporting information
p. 4444 - 4448
(2018/08/07)
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- Isotopically-Labeled Iodoacetamide-Alkyne Probes for Quantitative Cysteine-Reactivity Profiling
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Cysteine residues on proteins serve a variety of catalytic and regulatory functions due to the high nucleophilicity and redox activity of the thiol group. Quantitative proteomic platforms for profiling cysteine reactivity can provide valuable information related to the post-Translational modification state and inhibitor occupancy of functional cysteine residues within a complex proteome. Cysteine-reactivity profiling typically monitors changes in the extent of cysteine labeling by cysteine-reactive chemical probes, such as iodoacetamide (IA)-Alkyne. To enable accurate measurements of cysteine reactivity changes, isotopic labels are introduced into the two proteomes of interest using either isotopically tagged proteomes (SILAC) or cleavable linkers (isoTOP-ABPP) that are installed using copper-catalyzed azide-Alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). Here we provide an alternative strategy for isotopic tagging of two proteomes for cysteine-reactivity profiling by developing IA-light and IA-heavy, a pair of isotopically labeled iodoacetamide-Alkyne probes. These probes can be utilized for proteome samples that are not amenable to SILAC labeling and are facile to synthesize, especially when compared to the isotopically tagged cleavable linkers. We confirm the quantitative accuracy of IA-light and IA-heavy by assessing cysteine reactivity in a purified thioredoxin protein, as well as globally within a complex proteome where IA-light treatment generates mass-spectrometry identification of 992 cysteine residues. Importantly, these isotopically tagged probes can also be utilized for quantifying the percentage of cysteine modification within a single sample. Preliminary data supports the use of these tags to quantify the stoichiometry of TCEP-susceptible cysteine oxidation events in cell lysates.
- Abo, Masahiro,Li, Chun,Weerapana, Eranthie
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p. 743 - 749
(2017/12/19)
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- Iodocarbamation of N-Homopropargyl Carbamates: Mild and Stereoselective Entry to Functionalized Oxazinan-2-ones
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An efficient and general iodocarbamation of benzyl N-homopropargylcarbamates has been developed by using iodine as the electrophilic agent. This regio- and stereoselective cyclization yielded (E)-6-iodomethyleneoxazinan-2-ones, which can be further transformed through palladium cross-coupling reactions followed by hydrogenation to produce 1,3-oxazinan-2-ones.
- Quinodoz, Pierre,Quelhas, Alexandre,Wright, Karen,Drouillat, Bruno,Marrot, Jér?me,Couty, Fran?ois
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supporting information
p. 2621 - 2626
(2017/05/19)
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- Acidic solvent-free removal of amine-protecting diphenylmethyl groups in the presence of camphorsulfonic acid
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We developed novel reaction conditions for the removal of the diphenylmethyl group, which is one of the most important protecting groups for amines. The reaction was promoted by adding one equivalent of camphorsulfonic acid in aqueous media, and no acidic
- Yamagiwa, Noriyuki,Okabe, Takayuki,Suto, Yutaka,Iwasaki, Genji
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p. 1456 - 1458
(2017/11/04)
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- Nickel-catalyzed synthesis of stereochemically defined enamides via Bi- and tricomponent coupling reaction
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The stereoselective synthesis of (E)-trisubstituted tertiary enamides is documented via site-selective Ni-catalyzed β-arylation of allenamides with boronic acids in high yields (up to 89%). The nucleophilic character of the "organo-Ni" intermediates is further exploited to implement a one-pot tricomponent procedure involving the final allylation of aldehydes (yields up to 93%). Mechanistic insights and efficiency on a gram scale process were also documented.
- Liu,De Nisi,Cerveri,Monari,Bandini
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supporting information
p. 5034 - 5037
(2017/11/06)
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- Direct Alkylation of Amines with Primary and Secondary Alcohols through Biocatalytic Hydrogen Borrowing
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The reductive aminase from Aspergillus oryzae (AspRedAm) was combined with a single alcohol dehydrogenase (either metagenomic ADH-150, an ADH from Sphingobium yanoikuyae (SyADH), or a variant of the ADH from Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus (TeSADH W110A)) in a redox-neutral cascade for the biocatalytic alkylation of amines using primary and secondary alcohols. Aliphatic and aromatic secondary amines were obtained in up to 99 % conversion, as well as chiral amines directly from the racemic alcohol precursors in up to >97 % ee, releasing water as the only byproduct.
- Montgomery, Sarah L.,Mangas-Sanchez, Juan,Thompson, Matthew P.,Aleku, Godwin A.,Dominguez, Beatriz,Turner, Nicholas J.
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supporting information
p. 10491 - 10494
(2017/08/22)
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- Expanding the Boundaries of Water-Tolerant Frustrated Lewis Pair Hydrogenation: Enhanced Back Strain in the Lewis Acid Enables the Reductive Amination of Carbonyls
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The development of a boron/nitrogen-centered frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) with remarkably high water tolerance is presented. As systematic steric tuning of the boron-based Lewis acid (LA) component revealed, the enhanced back-strain makes water binding increasingly reversible in the presence of relatively strong base. This advance allows the limits of FLP's hydrogenation to be expanded, as demonstrated by the FLP reductive amination of carbonyls. This metal-free catalytic variant displays a notably broad chemoselectivity and generality.
- Dorkó, éva,Szabó, Márk,Kótai, Bianka,Pápai, Imre,Domján, Attila,Soós, Tibor
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supporting information
p. 9512 - 9516
(2017/08/01)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of phthalimide-alkylamine derivatives as balanced multifunctional cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
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A series of novel phthalimide-alkylamine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as multi-functions inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results showed that compound TM-9 could be regarded as a balanced multi-targets active molecule. It exhibited potent and balanced inhibitory activities against ChE and MAO-B (huAChE, huBuChE, and huMAO-B with IC50 values of 1.2 μM, 3.8 μM and 2.6 μM, respectively) with low selectivity. Both kinetic analysis of AChE inhibition and molecular modeling study suggested that TM-9 binds simultaneously to the catalytic active site and peripheral anionic site of AChE. Interestingly, compound TM-9 abided by Lipinski's rule of five. Furthermore, our investigation proved that TM-9 indicated weak cytotoxicity, and it could cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro. The results suggest that compound TM-9, an interesting multi-targeted active molecule, offers an attractive starting point for further lead optimization in the drug-discovery process against Alzheimer's disease.
- Sang, Zhipei,Wang, Keren,Wang, Huifang,Yu, Lintao,Wang, Huijuan,Ma, Qianwen,Ye, Mengyao,Han, Xue,Liu, Wenmin
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supporting information
p. 5053 - 5059
(2017/10/18)
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- Cs2CO3-Promoted Direct N-Alkylation: Highly Chemoselective Synthesis of N-Alkylated Benzylamines and Anilines
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Herein is described an efficient and chemoselective method for the synthesis of diversely substituted secondary amines in yields up to 98 %. Direct mono-N-alkylation of primary benzylamines and anilines with a wide range of alkyl halides is promoted by a cesium base in the absence of any additive or catalyst. The basicity and solubility of cesium carbonate in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide not only enables mono-N-alkylation of primary amines but also suppresses undesired dialkylation of the desired amines.
- Castillo, Juan-Carlos,Orrego-Hernández, Jessica,Portilla, Jaime
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p. 3824 - 3835
(2016/08/20)
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- Lanthanide-Catalyzed Reversible Alkynyl Exchange by Carbon–Carbon Single-Bond Cleavage Assisted by a Secondary Amino Group
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Lanthanide-catalyzed alkynyl exchange through C?C single-bond cleavage assisted by a secondary amino group is reported. A lanthanide amido complex is proposed as a key intermediate, which undergoes unprecedented reversible β-alkynyl elimination followed by alkynyl exchange and imine reinsertion. The in situ homo- and cross-dimerization of the liberated alkyne can serve as an additional driving force to shift the metathesis equilibrium to completion. This reaction is formally complementary to conventional alkyne metathesis and allows the selective transformation of internal propargylamines into those bearing different substituents on the alkyne terminus in moderate to excellent yields under operationally simple reaction conditions.
- Shao, Yinlin,Zhang, Fangjun,Zhang, Jie,Zhou, Xigeng
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supporting information
p. 11485 - 11489
(2016/10/24)
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- A General and Selective Rhodium-Catalyzed Reduction of Amides, N-Acyl Amino Esters, and Dipeptides Using Phenylsilane
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This article describes a selective reduction of functionalized amides, including N-acyl amino esters and dipeptides, to the corresponding amines using simple [Rh(acac)(cod)]. The catalyst shows excellent chemoselectivity in the presence of different sensitive functional moieties. A selective reduction of functionalized amides, including N-acyl amino esters and dipeptides, to the corresponding amines using simple [Rh(acac)(cod)] is described (see scheme). The catalyst shows excellent chemoselectivity in the presence of different sensitive functional moieties. Even the selective reduction of a secondary amide bond in the presence of a ketone is possible.
- Das, Shoubhik,Li, Yuehui,Lu, Liang-Qiu,Junge, Kathrin,Beller, Matthias
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p. 7050 - 7053
(2016/05/19)
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- Thiol activated prodrugs of sulfur dioxide (SO2) as MRSA inhibitors
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Drug resistant infections are becoming common worldwide and new strategies for drug development are necessary. Here, we report the synthesis and evaluation of 2,4-dinitrophenylsulfonamides, which are donors of sulfur dioxide (SO2), a reactive sulfur species, as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) inhibitors. N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dinitro-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide (5e) was found to have excellent in vitro MRSA inhibitory potency. This compound is cell permeable and treatment of MRSA cells with 5e depleted intracellular thiols and enhanced oxidative species both results consistent with a mechanism involving thiol activation to produce SO2.
- Pardeshi, Kundansingh A.,Malwal, Satish R.,Banerjee, Ankita,Lahiri, Surobhi,Rangarajan, Radha,Chakrapani, Harinath
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p. 2694 - 2697
(2015/06/08)
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- Synthesis of 1,2,3-Substituted Pyrroles from Propargylamines via a One-Pot Tandem Enyne Cross Metathesis-Cyclization Reaction
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Enyne cross metathesis of propargylamines with ethyl vinyl ether enables the one-pot synthesis of substituted pyrroles. A series of substituted pyrroles, bearing alkyl, aryl, and heteroaryl substituents, has been synthesized in good yields under microwave irradiation. The reactions are rapid and procedurally simple and also represent a facile entry to the synthetically challenging 1,2,3-substituted pyrroles. The value of the methodology is further corroborated by the conversion of pyrroles into 3-methyl-pyrrolines and the derivatization of the 3-methyl-substituent arising from the metathesis reaction.
- Chachignon, Helene,Scalacci, Nicoloì,Petricci, Elena,Castagnolo, Daniele
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p. 5287 - 5295
(2015/05/27)
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- NEW ARYLALKENYLPROPARGYLAMINE DERIVATIVES EXHIBITING NEUROPROTECTIVE ACTION FOR THE TREATMENT OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
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The invention relates to novel arylalkenylpropargylamine derivatives of general formula (I) or enantiomers or diastereomers thereof or salts, optionally pharmaceutically acceptable salts, or solvates of any of these. The compounds can be used in treating or preventing a disease or condition in a mammal related to monoamine oxidase dysfunction, especially in neurodegenerative diseases, e.g. Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease or Huntington's disease.
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Page/Page column 147
(2015/06/25)
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- An expeditious and atom-economic synthesis of lead-like, medicinally important 4,5-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-6-ones
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We have developed an expeditious and atom-economic synthesis of lead-like, privileged 4,5-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-6-ones, which is based on Sonogashira coupling and a two-step condensation with hydrazine hydrate leading to two ring-forming events, with full control over the two elements of diversity present.
- Mujumdar, Prashant,Sapegin, Alexander,Dorogov, Mikhail,Krasavin, Mikhail
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p. 5732 - 5735
(2015/02/02)
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- Ln[N(SiMe3)2]3-Catalyzed Cross-Diinsertion of C≡N/C≡C into an N-H Bond: Facile Synthesis of 1,2,4-Trisubstituted Imidazoles from Propargylamines and Nitriles
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A lanthanide-catalyzed sequential insertion of C≡N and C≡C into an N-H bond is presented. The convenient reaction, which proceeds under mild conditions, is an efficient method for preparing 1,2,4-trisubstituted imidazoles directly from readily available propargylamines and nitriles.
- Hong, Longcheng,Shao, Yinlin,Zhang, Lixin,Zhou, Xigeng
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supporting information
p. 8551 - 8555
(2014/07/21)
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- Gold-catalyzed oxycyclization of allenic carbamates: Expeditious synthesis of 1,3-oxazin-2-ones
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A combined experimental and computational study on regioselective gold-catalyzed synthetic routes to 1,3-oxazinan-2-ones (kinetically controlled products) and 1,3-oxazin-2-one derivatives (thermodynamically favored) from easily accessible allenic carbamates has been carried out.
- Alcaide, Benito,Almendros, Pedro,Quiros, M. Teresa,Fernandez, Israel
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supporting information
p. 818 - 826
(2013/06/05)
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- Increasing the efficiency of the transannular diels-alder strategy via palladium(II)-catalyzed macrocyclizations
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Palladium(II)-catalyzed macrocyclizations of bis(vinylboronate ester) compounds are demonstrated to provide a strategically efficient approach to transannular Diels-Alder reaction substrates. In several systems reported, the macrocycle is preorganized such that cycloaddition at room temperature occurs concomitantly with cyclization. Numerous advantages over palladium(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling approaches are demonstrated.
- Iafe, Robert G.,Kuo, Jonathan L.,Hochstatter, Dustin G.,Saga, Tomomi,Turner, Jonathan W.,Merlic, Craig A.
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supporting information
p. 582 - 585
(2013/04/10)
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- Preparation of polystyrene-supported Lewis acidic Fe(III) ionic liquid and its application in catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide
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A polystyrene-supported Lewis acidic iron-containing ionic liquid was proved to be recyclable and efficient heterogeneous catalyst for converting CO2 into cyclic carbonate without utilization of any organic solvent or additive. Excellent yields and selectivity were obtained under mild reaction conditions. Notably, the catalyst could be readily recovered and reused over five times without appreciable loss of catalytic activity. A possible catalytic cycle was proposed. The present protocol has successfully been applied to reactions of aziridines/propargyl amines with CO2. This kind of the catalyst presented herein would have great potential in industrial application thanks to its featured advantages.
- Gao, Jian,Song, Qing-Wen,He, Liang-Nian,Liu, Chang,Yang, Zhen-Zhen,Han, Xu,Li, Xue-Dong,Song, Qing-Chuan
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3835 - 3842
(2012/07/13)
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- Equimolar CO2 capture by N-substituted amino acid salts and subsequent conversion
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Steric bulk controls CO2 absorption: N-substituted amino acid salts in poly(ethylene glycol) reversibly absorb CO2 in nearly 1:1 stoichiometry. Carbamic acid is thought to be the absorbed form of CO 2; this was supported by NMR and in situ IR spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. The captured CO2 could be converted directly into oxazolidinones and thus CO2 desorption could be sidestepped. Copyright
- Liu, An-Hua,Ma, Ran,Song, Chan,Yang, Zhen-Zhen,Yu, Ao,Cai, Yu,He, Liang-Nian,Zhao, Ya-Nan,Yu, Bing,Song, Qing-Wen
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p. 11306 - 11310
(2013/01/15)
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- Ultrasound promoted the synthesis of N-propargylic β-enaminones
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The synthesis of 14 novel N-propargylic β-enaminones from the reaction of β-alkoxy vinyltrihalomethyl[carboxyethyl] ketones [R 3C(O)CHC(R1)OMe, where R3 = CF3, CCl3, CO2Et and R1 = Me, Et, Pr, Bu, i-Pent, CH2CH2CO2Me] with propargyl amines [R 2NHCH2CCH, where R2 = Pr, PhCH2] is reported. Yields, solvents and reaction times needed for reaction completion, by microwave irradiation (MW), conventional thermal heating (TH) and under ultrasound irradiation (US) are compared. The best results were obtained under US irradiation in good to excellent yields (70-93%).
- Martins, Marcos A.P.,Rossatto, Marcelo,Prola, Liziê D.T.,Pizzuti, Lucas,Moreira, Dayse N.,Campos, Patrick T.,Frizzo, Clarissa P.,Zanatta, Nilo,Bonacorso, Helio G.
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experimental part
p. 227 - 231
(2012/04/10)
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- A zinc(II) catalyst system for the conia-ene reaction of alkynyl-aminomalonates applicable to 5-endo-dig reactions
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The zinc(II)-catalyzed 5-exo-dig (Conia-ene) and 5-endo-dig cyclizations of a range of alkynyl-α-aminomalonates give rise to nitrogen heterocycles with good efficiency. The reaction allows the synthesis of a broad range of synthetically useful building blocks. Copyright
- Hess, Wilfried,Burton, Jonathan W.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2966 - 2970
(2012/01/03)
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- Platinum-catalyzed cyclization reaction of alkynes: Synthesis of azepino[3,4-b]indol-1-ones
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Novel azepino[3,4-b]indol-1-ones were synthesized from alkyne-substituted indole-2-carboxamides by catalytic intramolecular cyclization in the presence of PtCl2. The scope and limitations of this straightforward protocol are reported.
- Gruit, Marina,Pews-Davtyan, Anahit,Beller, Matthias
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experimental part
p. 1148 - 1159
(2011/04/15)
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- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: Benzylidene-prop-2-ynyl-amines analogues
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A new series of benzylidene-prop-2-ynyl-amines analogues have been synthesized and evaluated for their monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitory activity by determination of IC50 and selectivity index (SI). Among these inhibitors, benzhydrylidene-prop-2-ynyl-amine (2, IC50 32nM) and (3, 4-dimethoxy-benzylidene)-prop-2-ynylamine (10, IC50 14nM) provide the highest inhibitory potency toward monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B respectively. (3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylene)-prop-2-ynyl-amine (1, SI=58.96) and compound (2, SI=0.34) were proved to be the superior selective inhibitors toward MAO-A and MAO-B respectively. Docking studies show that the imine moiety is located in hydrophobic pocket, bringing the propargyl group close to FAD which indicates that the different inhibitory potency toward MAO-A may be ascribable to both the distance between alkynyl group and N5 of FAD, and hydrogen bonding interactions between inhibitors and enzymes.
- Jia, Zhao,Wei, Shen,Zhu, Qing
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experimental part
p. 725 - 728
(2011/11/29)
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