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A new luminescent conjugated polymer (CN-P3PV) containing cyano groups as electron transporting units was synthesized by a Suzuki coupling reaction. CN-P3PV was characterized by 1H NMR, FT-IR, GPC, DSC, and TGA. The synthesized polymer possessed high thermal stability (Td = 360 °C, Tg= 151 °C), high electron affinity, and good thin-film forming ability. Electrical characterization of a double-layer organic LED based on the structure of ITO/CuPc/CN-P3PV/Ca/Ag showed high electron transporting ability and good electroluminescence performance with the emission of bright orange light.

Achieving highly efficient phosphorescence in metal-free materials under ambient conditions remains a major challenge in organic optoelectronics. Herein, we report a concise approach to obtaining pure organic phosphorescence with high quantum efficiency of up to 21.9% and millisecond-scale lifetime by manipulating heavy-atom interaction based on a class of dibromobenzene derivatives in the solid state under ambient conditions. By comparing two pairs of the organic compounds designed, the one with two more bromine atoms on the alky terminals (PhBr2C6Br2/PhBr2C8Br2) showed higher luminescence efficiency than the other one (PhBr2C6/PhBr2C8). From the single-crystal analysis, it was proposed that the enhancement of phosphorescence resulted from increased intermolecular heavy-atom interaction in the organic crystals. Furthermore, a temperature sensor was demonstrated by using a model probe of this kind of organic phosphorescent crystals. This work not only provides a concise alternative to enhance phosphorescence in metal-free materials but also extends the scope of pure organic phosphorescent materials with high luminescent efficiency in a single component.

Organic dyes that consist of a [2.2]paracyclophane moiety between a triphenylamine donor group and a cyanoacrylic acid acceptor group have exhibited considerably high values of open-circuit voltage (Voc) in the range of 0.69-0.74 V. In an exper

To examine whether catalyst-transfer polycondensation, which affords well-defined polythiophenes, has generality for other conjugated polymers, the synthesis of poly(p-phenylene) (PPP) with various Ni catalysts was investigated. Monomer 1, 1-bromo-4-chlor

In this work a new solution processable small organic material, namely 2,2′-bithiophene end-capped dihexyloxy phenylene pentamer (BHBT2) was synthesized, characterized and applied in the fabrication of an organic ultraviolet photodetector. The

While current M0/MII based polymerization strategies largely focus on fine-tuning the catalyst, reagents and conditions for each and every monomer, this report discloses a single method that allows access to a variety of different conjugated polymers within seconds at room temperature. Key to this privileged reactivity is an air- and moisture stable dinuclear PdI catalyst. The method is operationally simple, robust and tolerant to air.

Violet-blue emission from novel aromatic bis(diazaborole)s, which were synthesized by the reaction of 2,5-bis(hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenediboronic acid and 1,2-phenylenediamine derivatives or diaminonaphthalene derivatives, is described. White-blue emission front a 4-methoxy-1,2-phenylenediamine-derived molecule was observed in DMF using 340 nm as the excitation wavelength.

Two linear 1,4-distyrylbenzenes and five star-shaped 1,3,5-tristyrylbenzene derivatives (L2a and L2b, Y0–Y3 and YNBu) were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. The photophysical properties, optical response to acid and metal ions were investigated. Upon backbone extension of linear distyrylbenzenes or the introduction of dibutylanilines, the electronic spectra are redshifted. Incorporation of electron-deficient pyridyl units does not significantly affect the optical properties. Variation of the number of pyridine rings and substitution pattern tune the fluorescence response to acids and metal ions. The novel arenes discriminate Al3+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Cd2+, Ag+ and Hg2+.

Synthesis and structural, photo physical, and conformational behaviors at variable temperature and structural optimization of the pyromelliticdiimide-based bromo-substituted [2 + 2] macrocycles are described. Cyclization of the diamine (3) with dianhydride (4) in THF, followed by dehydration of the resultant amic acids resulted in the isolation of the bromo-substituted [2 + 2] macrocycle 1 (4.5%). The dynamic temperature-dependent 1H NMR spectra and MO calculations revealed the presence of two possible conformers for the [2 + 2] macrocycle 1. The UV/Vis spectrum of 1 reveals the presence of a weak intramolecular CT interaction of electron-withdrawing pyromelliticdiimide moiety with the electron-donating hexyloxy-substituted xylyl moiety. The cyclic voltammetric measurement shows two two-electron reversible reduction processes.

Photosensitizers (PSs) with stimuli-responsive reversible switching of intersystem crossing (ISC) are highly promising for smart photodynamic therapy (PDT), but achieving this goal remains a tremendous challenge. This study introduces a strategy to obtain

A series of fluorene-free bipolar star-shaped molecules, Sn-Cz-OXD (n = 1-5), with increasing conjugated length in branches were synthesized as high efficient blue emitters for OLEDs. With the extension of conjugated branches, the solid PL quantum efficiency and external quantum efficiency of Sn-Cz-OXD significantly increased with longer spacer, while the emission spectrum of these materials exhibited a blue-shift with enhanced color purity due to the unique molecular design. All materials maintained exceptionally high thermal stability after prolonged heat treatment at 150 °C in air. The photophysical, electrochemical, thermal properties of these emitters were studied in relation to the molecular structure. Nondoped device based on S4-Cz-OXD with structure ITO/PEDOT:PSS/EML/TPBI/LiF/Al emitted stable pure blue light with CIE coordinates of (0.157, 0.146). It exhibited high current efficiency and external quantum efficiency of 4.96 cd A-1 and 4.20%, respectively. These values are among the best results for solution-processed non-doped blue device based on fluorene-free materials, indicating its potential for commercial applications.

The present invention relates to a fullerene dimer derivative and to an organic electronic device containing the same. More particularly, the fullerene dimer derivative having a pyrrolidine group according to the present invention can provide an organic electronic device having improved energy conversion efficiency as the fullerene dimer derivative has excellent miscibility with polymeric materials that are electron donors, and an organic electronic device adopting the same can realize a higher open circuit voltage.

Fluorescent conjugated polytriazoles (FCP 1-4) containing both 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,5-oxadiazole (OXD) and 1,2,3-triazole moieties in the main chain were synthesized from aromatic diazide (1) and dialkynes (2-5) via click polymerization, respectively. In the polymers, OXDs (fluorophores) and triazole rings (generated via CuAAC acting as metal ion ligands) comprise a fluorescent system. The polytriazoles displayed relatively strong emission with quantum yields in the range of 0.20-0.28 at room temperature in DMF. The study on their ion-responsive properties showed that, although all four FCPs have good selectivity for Ag+, the integration of alkoxy side groups (methoxy for FCP 2, hexyloxy for FCP 3 and 2-ethylhexyloxy for FCP 4) to the main chains of the polytriazoles decreased their sensitivity for Ag+via alteration of the polymer aggregation status and electron density of the main chains. Thus FCP 1 is highly sensitive for Ag+, where its Ksv is as high as 1.44 × 105 M-1 and its lowest detection limit is in the ppb range (4.22 × 10-7 M). This study provides an efficient click approach to the synthesis of a novel fluorescence sensor for Ag+ detection, which could expand the application of click polymerization in designing fluorescence sensors based on the triazole unit. This journal is

This work illustrates the use of basic statistical mechanics for rationalizing the loading of linear multitridentate polymers with trivalent lanthanides, Ln(III), and identifies the specific ionic sizes of europium and yttrium as promising candidates for the further design of organized heterometallic f-f′ materials. Using [Ln(hfac)3] (hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate) as lanthanide carriers, the thermodynamically controlled formation of Wolf type-II lanthanidopolymers [{Ln(hfac) 3}m(L4)] is modeled with the help of two simple microscopic descriptors: (i) the intrinsic affinity of Ln(III) for the tridentate binding sites fN3Ln and (ii) the intermetallic interactions δE1-2Ln,Ln operating between two occupied adjacent sites. Selective complexation modulated by anticooperative interactions favors the fixation of Eu(III) in semiorganized lanthanidopolymers [{Eu(hfac)3} m(L4)] displaying exploitable light-downshifting.

1,4-Dimercapto-2,5-diphosphinobenzene and 3,6-bis(hexyloxy)-1,4-dimercapto- 2,5-diphosphinobenzene were synthesized and combined with various acid chlorides to obtain a series of benzobisthiaphospholes. Electrochemical and photophysical properties of the substituted benzobisthiaphospholes have been evaluated, and the observed reductions are more facile than the related benzothiaphospholes and 2,6-diphenylbenzobisthiazole. A benzobisthiaphosphole with C6H 4-p-CN substituents was reduced at E1/2=-1.08 V (vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE)). X-ray diffraction data for several of these phosphorus heterocycles has been obtained, and DFT calculations at the B3LYP level have been performed. Fused-ring systems: Energetic tuning of conjugated building blocks can be achieved by atomic modulation of aromatic architectures. A phosphorus mimic of benzodithiophene and benzobisthiazole has been synthesized and structurally characterized (see figure). The UV/Vis spectrum of the phosphorus heterocycle is significantly redshifted compared to its organic counterparts. The redox properties of the benzobisthiaphospholes have been probed and revealed reversible reductions in THF.

A series of A-B type sterically regular bicyclio[3.3.0] diene-based polymers were designed and synthesized as immobilized chiral diene ligands for asymmetric catalysis. With polymeric diene 6b, good to excellent enantioselectivities can be achieved in Rh-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of arylboronic acids to α,β-unsaturated ketones. A series of A-B type sterically regular bicyclio[3.3.0] diene-based polymers were designed and synthesized as immobilized chiral diene ligands for asymmetric catalysis. By using polymeric diene, good to excellent enantioselectivities can be achieved in Rh-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of arylboronic acids to α,β-unsaturated ketones. Copyright

Compositions providing metal-independent phosphorescence due to a directed heavy atom effect are provided. Methods of providing a phosphorescent composition are also provided where a directed heavy atom effect is maintained to cause the composition to be

A novel conjugated polymer chemosensor 1 containing 2,6-bis(2-thienyl) pyridine has been synthesized and exhibits a high sensitivity and selectivity for palladium ion detection based on the fluorescent quenching effect.

A series of aryl trihydroxyborate salts were synthesized and found to form gels in benzene. The compounds were thermally unstable and readily underwent protodeboronation in solution and the solid state. Gelation could be induced without decomposition via sonication. Subsequent characterization studies revealed an unusual dependence of gel properties on alkyl chain length.

A microarray includes a solid substrate having a surface, the surface having a plurality of binding spots and a plurality of reaction moieties bound to the binding spots. A reaction moiety includes a plurality of polyacetylene monomers, the polyacetylene

Chromophores ranging from simple small molecule π-conjugated systems comprised of phenylene ethynylene or fluorenylethynyl units to cross-conjugated Bunz-type cruciforms have been derivatized to include 1,3- bis(dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl moieties. The photophysical responsiveness of these diamino-substituted chromophores to metal ions has been examined. Both emission enhancement (turn-on) and ratiometric fluorescence detection of Cu 2+ and Zn2+ ions have been achieved in THF.

A series of linear and V-shaped oligo(phenylene ethynylene) derivatives 1-3 were synthesized through sequent Sonogashira coupling and propargyl alcohol deprotection reaction in high yields. The alkoxy chains (i.e., n-hexyloxy groups) were introduced to as

The mechanisms for Ni(dppe)Cl2-catalyzed chain-growth polymerization of 4-bromo-2,5-bis-(hexyloxy)phenylmagnesium chloride and 5-bromo-4-hexylthiophen-2-ylmagnesium chloride were investigated. Rate studies utilizing IR spectroscopy and gas chromatography revealed that both polymerizations exhibit a first-order dependence on the catalyst concentration but a zeroth-order dependence on the monomer concentration. 31P NMR spectroscopic studies of the reactive organometallic intermediates suggest that the resting states are unsymmetrical NiII-biaryl and Ni II-bithiophene complexes. In combination, the data implicate reductive elimination as the rate-determining step for both monomers. Additionally, LiCl was found to have no effect on the rate-determining step or molecular weight distribution in the arene polymerization.

High quantum yield luminescent monomers, oligomers, and polymers, comprising benzotriazole repeating units and derivatives thereof have been discovered and utilized in optical devices and components therefor, including electroluminescent devices, light emitting devices, photoluminescent devices, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), OLED displays, sensors, and the like.

Oxidative coupling of silyl monomers containing phenylene units was performed electrochemically and chemically using FeCl3 as oxidant. 2,5-Trimethylsilyl-1,4-dihexoxybenzene led to poly (2.5-dihexoxyparaphenylene) with a degree of polymerization higher than the one obtained upon oxdative coupling of non silyl monomers. The coupling reaction was however moderately improved in the case of 3,6-bis-dimethylsilyl(N-n-butylcarbazole). The role of the silyl substituents during the oxidative polymerization is dicussed.

A series of functionalized and optically active major-groove polybinaphthyls and minor-groove polybinaphthyls have been synthesized by using the Suzuki coupling reaction and have been spectroscopically characterized. The application of these chiral polymers in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes has been studied. A minor-groove polybinaphthyl is found to be an excellent catalyst for the asymmetric reaction of diethylzinc with a number of aldehydes. The molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of the polymer have little effects on the catalytic process. The chiral polymer can be easily recovered and reused without loss of catalytic activity as well as enantioselectivity. These rigid and sterically regular chiral polybinaphthyls represent a new generation of enantioselective polymeric catalysts. The reaction of the polybinaphthyls as well as certain monomeric binaphthyl molecules with diethylzinc has been investigated which has provided further information on the novel polymeric catalysts.