- Computational study and synthesis of a new class of anticonvulsants with 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test activity: 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-N'-[substituted]-acetohydrazides
-
Background: About 50 million epileptic cases worldwide and 12 million in India are re-ported. Currently, available drugs yield adequate control of seizure in 60-70% of patients and show many toxic effects. These actualities provoked the search for novel, more efficacious and safer anti-convulsants. Objective: The concatenation of 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-N'-[substituted]-acetohydrazides SA 1-10 was designed by molecular hybridization, optimized by computational study and synthesized with the objective of obtaining a prototype of potent anticonvulsant molecules especially active against partial seizures. Methods: Computational study was performed to calculate the pharmacophoric design, projection of the pharmacokinetic parameters and docking scores of the titled compounds with molecular targets of epilepsy. The anticonvulsant activity was ascertained by 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test. Minimal motor impairment showing neurotoxicity was assessed using the Rotarod test. Results: Titled compounds possessed the indispensable elements of pharmacophore and displayed good binding affinity with molecular targets of epilepsy, such as GABA (A) alpha-1 & delta receptor, glutamate receptor, Na+/H+ exchanger and GABA-aminotransferase in docking studies. The most potent compound of the concatenation was 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-N'-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)benzylidene]-acetohydrazide SA 4, showing 100% protection at four different time points with ED50 value 146.8 mg/kg at a TPE of 1 h in mice. Conclusion: The protection shown in 6 Hz test is implicated as the compound's ability to control partial seizures. Thus, the titled compounds can be considered as potential prototype candidates for antiepileptic therapy against partial seizures.
- Kumar, Praveen,Tripathi, Laxmi
-
p. 1175 - 1193
(2021/12/21)
-
- Discovery of highly potent and selective influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors targeting 150-cavity
-
Encouraged by our earlier discovery of N1-selective inhibitors, the 150-cavity of influenza virus neuraminidases (NAs) could be further exploited to yield more potent oseltamivir derivatives. Herein, we report the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of novel oseltamivir derivatives via the structural modifications at C5–NH2 of oseltamivir targeting 150-cavity. Among them, compound 5c bearing 4-(3-methoxybenzyloxy)benzyl group exhibited the most potent activity, which was lower or modestly improved activities than oseltamivir carboxylate (OSC) against N1 (H1N1), N1 (H5N1) and N1 (H5N1–H274Y). Specifically, there was 30-fold loss of activity against the wild-type strain H1N1. However, 5c displayed 4.85-fold more potent activity than OSC against H5N1–H274Y NA. Also, 5c demonstrated low cytotoxicity in vitro and no acute toxicity in mice. Molecular docking studies provided insights into the high potency of 5c against N1 and N1–H274Y mutant NAs. Besides, the in silico prediction of physicochemical properties and CYP enzymatic inhibitory ability of representative compounds were conducted to evaluate their drug-like properties.
- Jia, Ruifang,Zhang, Jian,Bertagnin, Chiara,Cherukupalli, Srinivasulu,Ai, Wei,Ding, Xiao,Li, Zhuo,Zhang, Jiwei,Ju, Han,Ma, Xiuli,Loregian, Arianna,Huang, Bing,Zhan, Peng,Liu, Xinyong
-
-
- HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AS MUTANT IDH INHIBITORS
-
The present disclosure relates generally to compounds useful in treatment of conditions associated with mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase (mt-IDH), particularly mutant IDH1 enzymes. Specifically, the present invention discloses compound of formula (IA), which exhibits inhibitory activity against mutant IDH1 enzymes. Method of treating conditions associated with excessive activity of mutant IDH1 enzymes with such compound is disclosed. Uses thereof, pharmaceutical composition, and kits are also disclosed.
- -
-
Paragraph 0394-0395
(2020/07/16)
-
- Pyrimidine onium compound and application thereof
-
The invention relates to a pyrimidine onium compound, nitride oxides, salt of the nitride oxides and a composition comprising the compound. The invention further relates to an application of the compound to plant pest control.
- -
-
Paragraph 0231-0234
(2019/10/23)
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- Natural Product Neopeltolide as a Cytochrome bc1 Complex Inhibitor: Mechanism of Action and Structural Modification
-
The marine natural product neopeltolide was isolated from a deep-water sponge specimen of the family Neopeltidae. Neopeltolide has been proven to be a new type of inhibitor of the cytochrome bc1 complex in the mitochondrial respiration chain. However, its detailed inhibition mechanism has remained unknown. In addition, neopeltolide is difficult to synthesize because of its very complex chemical structure. In the present work, the binding mode of neopeltolide was determined for the first time by integrating molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area calculations, which showed that neopeltolide is a Qo site inhibitor of the bc1 complex. Then, according to guidance via inhibitor-protein interaction analysis, structural modification was carried out with the aim to simplify the chemical structure of neopeltolide, leading to the synthesis of a series of new neopeltolide derivatives with much simpler chemical structures. The calculated binding energies (ΔGcal) of the newly synthesized analogues correlated very well (R2 = 0.90) with their experimental binding free energies (ΔGexp), which confirmed that the computational protocol was reliable. Compound 45, bearing a diphenyl ether fragment, was successfully designed and synthesized as the most potent candidate (IC50 = 12 nM) against porcine succinate cytochrome c reductase. The molecular modeling results indicate that compound 45 formed a π-π interaction with Phe274 and two hydrogen bonds with Glu271 and His161. The present work provides a new starting point for future fungicide discovery to overcome the resistance that the existing bc1 complex inhibitors are facing.
- Zhu, Xiao-Lei,Zhang, Rui,Wu, Qiong-You,Song, Yong-Jun,Wang, Yu-Xia,Yang, Jing-Fang,Yang, Guang-Fu
-
-
- Synthesis and biological evaluation of new thiosemicarbazone derivative schiff bases as monoamine oxidase inhibitory agents
-
Twenty-six novel thiosemicarbazone derivative B1–B26 were synthesized via condensation reactions between the corresponding thiosemicarbazides and aldehydes. The chemical characterization of the compounds was carried out by infrared (IR), mass (MS), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H- and 13C-NMR) spectroscopic analyses. The compounds were investigated for their monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitory activity and most of them were more potent against MAO-A enzyme when compared with MAO-B enzyme. N-Cyclohexyl-2-[4-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]benzylidene]hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (B24) was the most active compound against MAO-A. The enzyme kinetics study revealed that compound B24 has a reversible and competitive mode of binding. Interaction modes between compound B24 and MAO-A were clarified by docking studies. In addition, the favourable absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties and non-toxic nature of compound B24 make this compound a promising MAO-A inhibitor.
- ?avu?o?lu, Betül Kaya,Sa?l?k, Beg m Nurpelin,Sa?l?k, Begüm Nurpelin,Osmaniye, Derya,Levent, Serkan,Evik, Ulviye Acar,Karaduman, Abdullah Burak,Zkay, Yusuf,Kaplanc?kl?, Zafer As?m
-
-
- Synthesis of new hydrazone derivatives for MAO enzymes inhibitory activity
-
In the present work, 14 new 1-substituted-2-phenylhydrazone derivatives were synthesized to evaluate their inhibitory activity against hMAO enzymes. The structures of the newly synthesized hydrazones 2a–2n were characterized by IR,1H-NMR,1
- Can, Nafiz ?ncü,Can, Nafiz nc,Osmaniye, Derya,Levent, Serkan,Sa Sa?lik, Begüm Nurpelin,Inci, Beril,Ilgin, Sinem,?zkay, Yusuf,Kaplancikli, Zafer Asim
-
-
- Highly efficient heterogeneous copper-catalysed O-arylation of phenols by nitroarenes leading to diaryl ethers
-
The heterogeneous O-arylation of phenols by nitroarenes was achieved in DMF at 100 °C by using an MCM-41-immobilised bidentate nitrogen copper(II) complex [MCM-41-2N-Cu(OAc)2] as catalyst, yielding a variety of unsymmetrical diaryl ethers in good to excellent yields. This heterogeneous copper catalyst can be easily prepared by a simple procedure from commercially readily available and inexpensive reagents, recovered by filtration of the reaction solution and recycled at least seven times without significant loss of activity.
- Du, Yingying,Yao, Fang,Tuo, Yuxin,Cai, Mingzhong
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p. 725 - 729
(2018/01/08)
-
- Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships for Extended Side Chain Analogues of the Antitubercular Drug (6 S)-2-Nitro-6-{[4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzyl]oxy}-6,7-dihydro-5 H -imidazo[2,1- b ][1,3]oxazine (PA-824)
-
Novel extended side chain nitroimidazooxazine analogues featuring diverse linker groups between two aryl rings were studied as a potential strategy to improve solubility and oral activity against chronic infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Both lipop
- Palmer, Brian D.,Sutherland, Hamish S.,Blaser, Adrian,Kmentova, Iveta,Franzblau, Scott G.,Wan, Baojie,Wang, Yuehong,Ma, Zhenkun,Denny, William A.,Thompson, Andrew M.
-
supporting information
p. 3036 - 3059
(2015/04/27)
-
- Augmentation of GABAergic neurotransmission by novel N-(substituted)-2-[4- (substituted)benzylidene]hydrazinecarbothioamides - A potential anticonvulsant approach
-
New N-(substituted)-2-[4-(substituted)benzylidene]hydrazinecarbothioamides were designed, synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity. The anticonvulsant activity was established in three seizure models i.e. MES, scMET and 6 Hz model. The most active compound was N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(4-methylphenoxy) benzylidene]hydrazinecarbothioamide PT 30 which showed 100% protection in both MES and 6 Hz test. Compound PT 30 showed protection at three different time points in 6 Hz test at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Compound 2-[4-(4-Chlorophenoxy)benzylidene]-N-cyclohexylhydrazine carbothioamide PT 4 was also found to be active in both MES and 6 Hz test. Titled compounds exhibited good binding properties with epilepsy molecular targets GABA (A) delta and GABA (A) alpha-1 receptors, in LGA based flexible docking studies. Compounds PT 30 and PT 4 were found to elevate γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in the midbrain and medulla oblongata regions of rat brain. A computational study was carried out for calculation of pharmacophore pattern and prediction of pharmacokinetic properties.
- Tripathi, Laxmi,Kumar, Praveen
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p. 477 - 487
(2013/07/19)
-
- PYRIMIDINONE COMPOUNDS FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES OR CONDITIONS MEDIATED BY LP - PLA2
-
The present invention relates to novel compounds that inhibit Lp-PLA2 activity, processes for their preparation, to compositions containing them and to their use in the treatment of diseases associated with the activity of Lp-PLA2, for example atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and/or diabetic macular edema (I).
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Page/Page column 45
(2012/06/30)
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- A New class of anticonvulsants possessing 6 hz psychomotor seizure test activity: 2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-N'-[substituted] acetohydrazides
-
A series of 2-(1H-Benzotriazol-1-yl)-N'-[substituted]acetohydrazides was designed and synthesized keeping in view the structural requirement of pharmacophore and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity. The new compounds were characterized using FT-IR, 1H NMR, mass spectral data and elemental analysis. The anticonvulsant activity of the titled compounds was assessed using the 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test. The neurotoxicity was assessed using the rotarod method. The most active compound of the series was N'-[4-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yloxy)benzylidene]-2-(1Hbenzotriazol-1-yl) acetohydrazide (BTA 9), which showed good activity with 75 % protection (3/4, 0.5 h) at a dose of 100 mg/kg in mice. None of the compounds exhibited neurotoxicity. A computational study was carried out for the calculation of pharmacophore pattern and prediction of pharmacokinetic properties. Titled compounds have also exhibited good binding properties with epilepsy molecular targets such as glutamate, GABA (A) delta, GABA (A) alpha-1 receptors and Na/H exchanger, in Lamarckian genetic algorithm based flexible docking studies.
- Kumar, Praveen,Tripathi, Laxmi
-
experimental part
p. 337 - 348
(2012/08/28)
-
- Design, synthesis and anticonvulsant evaluation of novel N-(4-substituted phenyl)-2-[4-(substituted) benzylidene]-hydrazinecarbothio amides
-
Thirty six new N-(4-substituted phenyl)-2-[4-(substituted) benzylidene]-hydrazinecarbothioamides were synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity. The anticonvulsant activity was established in three seizure models i.e. MES, scMET and 6 Hz model. The most active compound was 2-[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)benzylidene]-N-(4-fluorophenyl) hydrazinecarbothioamide PC 31 which showed 100% protection at 0.5 h in the 6 Hz test. Compound 2-[4-(4-bromophenoxy) benzylidene]-N-(4-bromophenyl) hydrazinecarbothioamide PC 23 was found to be active in both the MES and 6 Hz test. A computational study was carried out from calculation of a pharmacophore pattern and the prediction of pharmacokinetic properties. Titled compounds have also exhibited good binding properties with epilepsy molecular targets such as glutamate, GABA (A) delta and GABA (A) alpha-1 receptors, in the Lamarckian genetic algorithm based on flexible docking studies.
- Tripathi, Laxmi,Kumar, Praveen,Singh, Ranjit,Stables, James P.
-
experimental part
p. 153 - 166
(2012/03/09)
-
- Design, synthesis, and anticonvulsant evaluation of some novel 1, 3 benzothiazol-2-yl hydrazones/acetohydrazones
-
A series of 2-[2-(substituted)hydrazinyl]-1,3-benzothiazole and 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-N′-(substituted)acetohydrazide were designed and synthesized keeping in view the structural requirement of pharmacophore and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity. The anticonvulsant activity of the titled compounds was assessed using the 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test. The most active compound of the series was 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-N′-[4-(4-bromophenoxy)benzylidene] acetohydrazide BT 15, which showed 75% protection (3/4, 1.0 h) and 50% protection (2/4, 0.5 h) at a dose of 100 mg/kg in mice. A computational study was carried out for calculation of pharmacophore pattern and prediction of pharmacokinetic properties. Titled compounds have also exhibited good binding properties with epilepsy molecular targets such as GABA (A) alpha-1, glutamate, GABA (A) delta receptors and Na/H exchanger, in Lamarckian genetic algorithmbased flexible docking studies. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011.
- Kumar, Praveen,Shrivastava, Birendra,Pandeya, Surendra N.,Tripathi, Laxmi,Stables, James P.
-
p. 2428 - 2442
(2012/10/30)
-
- Ligand-free copper-catalyzed O-arylation of nitroarenes with phenols
-
The first example of ligand-free copper-catalyzed O-arylation of nitroarenes with phenols was developed, achieving unsymmetrical diaryl ethers in moderate to excellent yields. This arylation proceeded smoothly without promotion of the ligands, and displayed great functional group compatibility. Thus, the method represents a new, facile, and cost-effective approach to access unsymmetrical diaryl ethers.
- Chen, Jiuxi,Wang, Xingyong,Zheng, Xingwang,Ding, Jinchang,Liu, Miaochang,Wu, Huayue
-
supporting information
p. 8905 - 8907
(2012/10/29)
-
- Design & synthesis of N′-[substituted] pyridine-4-carbohydrazides as potential anticonvulsant agents
-
A series of N′-[substituted] pyridine-4-carbohydrazides were designed and synthesized keeping in view the structural requirement of pharmacophore and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity. The anticonvulsant activity of the titled compounds was established after intraperitoneal administration in three seizure models, which include MES, scMET and 6 Hz model. The most active compound of the series was N′-[4-(4-fluorophenoxy) benzylidene]pyridine-4-carbohydrazide PCH 6, which showed a MES ED50 value of 128.3 mg/kg and 6 Hz ED50 value of 53.3 mg/kg in mice. The median toxic dose (TD50) was 343.6 mg/kg, providing compound PCH 6 with a protection index of 2.67 in the MES test and 6.44 in 6 Hz test. A computational study was also carried out, including calculation of pharmacophore pattern, prediction of pharmacokinetic properties and docking studies.
- Tripathi, Laxmi,Singh, Ranjit,Stables, James P.
-
experimental part
p. 509 - 518
(2011/03/19)
-
- Design, synthesis and potential 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test activity of some novel 2-(substituted)-3-{[substituted]amino}quinazolin-4(3H)-one
-
Thirty new 2-(substituted)-3-{[substituted]amino}quinazolin-4(3H)-one were designed and synthesized keeping in view the structural requirement of pharmacophore and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity. The anticonvulsant activity of the titled compounds was assessed using the 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test. The most active compound of the series was 3-({(E)-[3-(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)phenyl]methylidene}amino) -2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one PhQZ 7, which showed 100% protection (4/4, 0.5 h) and 75% protection (3/4, 0.25 h) at a dose of 100 mg/kg in mice. A computational study was carried out for calculation of pharmacophore pattern and prediction of pharmacokinetic properties. Titled compounds have also exhibited good binding properties with epilepsy molecular targets such as glutamate, GABA (A) delta and GABA (A) alpha-1 receptors, in Lamarckian genetic algorithm based flexible docking studies.
- Kumar, Praveen,Shrivastava, Birendra,Pandeya, Surendra N.,Stables, James P.
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scheme or table
p. 1006 - 1018
(2011/04/24)
-
- Anticonvulsant and neurotoxicity evaluation of some novel cyclohexyl-[4-substituted benzylidene/2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-indol-3-ylidene] thiosemicarbazides
-
A series of novel cyclohexyl-[4-substituted benzylidene/2-oxo-1,2-dihydro- indol-3-ylidene]thiosemicarbazides were synthesized and screened for anticonvulsant activity in maximal electroshock induced seizure (MES) and subcutaneous metrazol (scMET) induced seizure models in mice. The neurotoxicity was assessed using the rotorod method. The compounds cyclohexyl-[4-(4- chlorophenoxy)- benzylidene]thiosemicarbazide (7d) and cyclohexyl-[2-oxo-1,2- dihydro-indol-3-ylidene]thiosemicarbazide (7i) emerged as the most promising one with anti-MES activity in mice i.p. All the compounds exhibited no neurotoxicity in rotorod method.
- Tripathi, Laxmi,Singh, Ranjit
-
experimental part
p. 447 - 450
(2011/11/04)
-
- The coupling of arylboronic acids with nitroarenes catalyzed by rhodium
-
The coupling of arylboronic acids with electron-deficient nitroarenes was realized for the first time by using a rhodium(I) catalyst under an air atmosphere, achieving unsymmetrical diaryl ethers with yields ranging from poor to good. From a deuterium labeling experiment, the oxygen atom is derived from ambient water. The efficiency of this reaction was demonstrated by its compatibility with fluoro, bromo, chloro, and trifluoromethyl groups.
- Zheng, Xingwang,Ding, Jinchang,Chen, Jiuxi,Gao, Wenxiao,Liu, Miaochang,Wu, Huayue
-
supporting information; experimental part
p. 1726 - 1729
(2011/05/06)
-
- Rational design and synthesis of 4-O-substituted phenylmethylenethiosemicarbazones as novel tyrosinase inhibitors
-
In continuing our program aimed to search for tyrosinase inhibitors, a series of novel 4-O-substituted phenylmethylenethiosemicarbazones were rational designed, synthesized and their inhibitory effects on the diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase were also evaluated. A fair number of compounds were found to have significant tyrosinase inhibitiory activity. Particularly, the IC50 values of compounds 3a-g, 3j and 3s were of the same magnitude as tropolone, one of the best tyrosinase inhibitors known so far. Furthermore, the structure-activity relationships of these compounds were also investigated. All these data suggested that these molecules might be utilized for the development of new candidate for the treatment of dermatological disorders, and further development of such compounds may be of interest.
- Yi, Wei,Cao, Rihui,Chen, Zhiyong,Yu, Liang,Wen, Huan,Yan, Qin,Ma, Lin,Song, Huacan
-
scheme or table
p. 752 - 754
(2010/07/15)
-
- THIAZOLE COMPOUNDS AS ACTIVATORS OF SOLUBLE GUANYLATE CYCLASE
-
Disclosed are compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from hydrogen, halo, C1-4alkyl, C1-4alkoxy, CF3 and OCF3; -Y- represents formula (IA) R3 represents hydrogen, fluoro, chloro or C1-4alkyl; R4a and R4b each independently represent hydrogen, C1-4alkyl, C1-4alkoxy, CF3 or halo; and R5 represents a group Z-X; wherein Z is absent or represents (CH2)2 or O; and X represents formula (IB) wherein: J and L both represent CH, or one of J and L represents CH and the other represents N; when both J and L represent CH, R6 represents hydrogen, halo, CF3, C1-4alkyl or C1-4alkoxy in a meta or ortho position relative to the R7 substituent and R7 represents hydrogen, halo, CF3, OCF3, C1-4alkyl, C1-4alkoxy, CH2OH, CN, CONR8R9 or CO2H; or when one of J or L represents N, R6 represents hydrogen or halo in a meta or ortho position relative to the R7 substituent and R7 represents hydrogen, halo, CF3, C1-4alkyl, C1-4alkoxy, CH2OH, CN, CONR8R9 or CO2H; and R8 and R9 are independently selected from hydrogen and C1-4alkyl; or salts thereof which activate soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), pharmaceutical compositions containing them, their use in medicine, and processes for their preparation.
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Page/Page column 53
(2010/04/03)
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- 2,6-DISUBSTITUTED PYRIDINES AS SOLUBLE GUANYLATE CYCLASE ACTIVATORS
-
Disclosed are compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from hydrogen, halo, CF3, C1-4alkyl and allyl; Y represents (II), (III), (IV) or (V) wherein R3 represents CF3 or C1-4alkyl; and R3a represents CF3 or C1-4alkyl.
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-
Page/Page column 61
(2009/07/17)
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- Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 4-pyridones as potential antimalarials
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A series of diaryl ether substituted 4-pyridones have been identified as having potent antimalarial activity superior to that of chloroquine against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and murine Plasmodium yoelii in vivo. These were derived from the anticoccidial drug clopidol through a systematic study of the effects of varying the side chain on activity. Relative to clopidol the most active compounds show > 500-fold improvement in IC50 for inhibition of P. falciparum in vitro and about 100-fold improvement with respect to ED50 against P. yoelii in mice. These compounds have been shown elsewhere to act selectively by inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport at the cytochrome bc1 complex.
- Yeates, Clive L.,Batchelor, John F.,Capon, Edward C.,Cheesman, Neil J.,Fry, Mitch,Hudson, Alan T.,Pudney, Mary,Trimming, Helen,Woolven, James,Bueno, José M.,Chicharro, Jesús,Fernández, Esther,Fiandor, José M.,Gargallo-Viola, Domingo,De Las Heras, Federico Gómez,Herreros, Esperanza,León, María L.
-
p. 2845 - 2852
(2008/12/23)
-
- Thio-substituted tricyclic and bicyclic aromatic methanesulfinyl derivatives
-
The present invention is related to chemical compositions, processes for the preparation thereof and uses of the composition. Particularly, the present invention relates to compositions of compounds of Formula (A): wherein Ar, Y, R1 and q are as defined herein; and their use in the treatment of diseases, including treatment of sleepiness, promotion of wakefulness, treatment of Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, stroke, sleep apneas, eating disorders, stimulation of appetite and weight gain, treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ("ADHD"), enhancing function in disorders associated with hypofunctionality of the cerebral cortex, including, but not limited to, depression, schizophrenia, fatigue, in particular, fatigue associated with neurologic disease, such as multiple sclerosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, and improvement of cognitive dysfunction.
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Page/Page column 29
(2008/06/13)
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- 5-Aryl thiazolidine-2,4-diones as selective PPARγ agonists
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A series of 5-aryl thiazolidine-2,4-diones containing 4-phenoxyphenyl side chains was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for PPAR agonist activities. One such compound 28 exhibited comparable levels of glucose correction to rosiglitazone in the db/db mouse type 2 diabetes animal model.
- Koyama, Hiroo,Boueres, Julia K.,Han, Wei,Metzger, Edward J.,Bergman, Jeffrey P.,Gratale, Dominick F.,Miller, Daniel J.,Tolman, Richard L.,MacNaul, Karen L.,Berger, Joel P.,Doebber, Thomas W.,Leung, Kwan,Moller, David E.,Heck, James V.,Sahoo, Soumya P.
-
p. 1801 - 1804
(2007/10/03)
-
- 5-Aryl thiazolidine-2,4-diones: Discovery of PPAR dual α/γ agonists as antidiabetic agents
-
A novel series of 5-aryl thiazolidine-2,4-diones based dual PPARα/γ agonists was identified. A number of highly potent and orally bioavailable analogues were synthesized. Efficacy study results of some of these analogues in the db/db mice model of type 2 diabetes showed them superior to rosiglitazone in correcting hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia.
- Desai, Ranjit C.,Han, Wei,Metzger, Edward J.,Bergman, Jeffrey P.,Gratale, Dominick F.,MacNaul, Karen L.,Berger, Joel P.,Doebber, Thomas W.,Leung, Kwan,Moller, David E.,Heck, James V.,Sahoo, Soumya P.
-
p. 2795 - 2798
(2007/10/03)
-
- Antidiabetic agents
-
The instant invention is concerned with aryl and heteroaryl oxyacetic acid type compounds which are useful antidiabetic compounds. Compositions and methods for the use of the compounds in the treatment of diabetes and related diseases and for lowering triglyceride levels are also disclosed.
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-
-
- Inhibitors of acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acetyltransferase (ACAT). Part 1: Identification and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of substituted N-alkyl-N-biphenylmethyl-N'-arylureas
-
A series of N-alkyl-N-biphenylylmethyl-N'-arylurea and related derivatives represented by 1 have been prepared and evaluated for their ability to inhibit acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase in vitro and to lower plasma cholesterol levels in cholesterol-fed rats in vivo. Linking of two phenyl groups via oxygen and introduction of fluorine at appropriate positions on the biphenyl moiety improved in vitro and in vivo activity. From this series of analogs, compound 40 (FR179254), which had potent in vitro potency (rabbit intestinal microsomes IC50 = 25 nM), showed excellent plasma cholesterol-lowering activity when administered via the diet (ED50 = 0.045 mg/kg). However, the hypocholesterolemic effect of this compound was moderate when dosed by oral gavage in PEG400 as a vehicle (ED50 = 5.3 mg/kg). Modification of the N'-aryl moiety led to the identification of compound 50 (FR182980) which was efficacious in both dosing models (ED50 = 0.034 mg/kg and 0.11 mg/kg, respectively).
- Tanaka, Akira,Terasawa, Takeshi,Hagihara, Hiroyuki,Sakuma, Yuri,Ishibe, Noriko,Sawada, Masae,Takasugi, Hisashi,Tanaka, Hirokazu
-
-
- (Aryloxy)aryl semicarbazones and related compounds: A novel class of anticonvulsant agents possessing high activity in the maximal electroshock screen
-
A number of (aryloxy)aryl semicarbazones and related compounds were synthesized and evaluated far anticonvulsant activities. After intraperitoneal injection to mice, the semicarbazones were examined in the maximal electroshock (MES), subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ), and neurotoxicity (NT) screens. The results indicated that greater protection was obtained in the MES test than the scPTZ screen. Quantitation of approximately one-third of the compounds revealed an average protection index (PI, i.e. TD50/ED50) of approximately 9. After oral administration to rats, a number of compounds displayed significant potencies in the MES screen (ED50 of 1-5 mg/kg) accompanied by very high protection indices. In fact over half the compounds had PI figures of greater than 100, and two were in excess of 300. The compounds were essentially inactive in the scPTZ and NT screens after oral administration to rats. Various compounds displayed greater potencies and PI figures in the mouse intraperitoneal and rat oral screens than three reference clinically used drugs. The data generated supported a binding site hypothesis. Quantitative structure-activity relationships indicated a number of physicochemical parameters which contributed to activity in the MES screen. X-ray crystallography of five compounds suggested the importance of certain interatomic distances and bond angles for activity in the mouse and rat MES screens.
- Dimmock, Jonathan R.,Puthucode, Ramanan N.,Smith, Jennifer M.,Hetherington, Mark,Quail, J. Wilson,Pugazhenthi, Uma,Lechler, Terry,Stables, James P.
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p. 3984 - 3997
(2007/10/03)
-
