- Synthesis and characterization of ionic liquid based bifunctional periodic mesoporous organosilica supported potassium carbonate as very efficient nanocatalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation
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A novel ionic liquid based bifunctional periodic mesoporous organosilica supported potassium carbonate (BPMO-IL-KCO3) is prepared, characterized and its catalytic efficiency is studied in the Knoevenagel reaction. The BPMO-IL-KCO3 wa
- Elhamifar, Dawood,Kazempoor, Somayeh
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- Selenotungstates incorporating organophosphonate ligands and metal ions: synthesis, characterization, magnetism and catalytic efficiency in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction
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Three sandwich-type TM-containing (TM = transition metal) organophosphonate-based polyoxotungstate clusters, [TM(H2O)4(SeW6O21)2{Co(OOCCH2NCH2PO3)2}3]12?(TM = Co, Ni), have been successfully synthesized, which are the first reported TM-containing organophosphonate-based selenotungstates. They were structurally characterized by PXRD analyses, IR spectroscopy, TGA analyses,etc. Magnetic measurements show that all three compounds exhibit antiferromagnetic interactions. Besides,Co1can be used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation of benzaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate under mild conditions (60 °C), and exhibits satisfactory conversion (93%) and high selectivity (99%).
- Ban, Ran,He, Peipei,Kong, Hui,Ma, Pengtao,Niu, Jingyang,Wang, Jiawei,Wang, Jingping,Xu, Qiaofei,Yang, Zongfei
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- One-pot tandem catalytic synthesis of α, β-unsaturated nitriles from alcohol with nitriles in aqueous phase
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Pd1-Au1 bimetal catalysts supported on basic layered double hydroxide (LDH) have been prepared conveniently with surface impregnation methods and structurally characterized by XRD, TEM and XPS. The nanoparticles were highly dispersed on LDH with an average size of 2.08 ± 0.3 nm and showed a strong cooperative effect between Au and Pd for the step of the alcohol oxidation. Moreover, the present hydrotalcite-supported bimetal catalysts can catalyze efficiently one-pot α-arylation reactions of nitriles with various alcohols in aqueous phase through tandem reactions. The bimetal catalyst has been extended for a broad substrate scope and recycled for at least 4 times.
- Chen, Chen,Yang, Hanmin,Chen, Jizhong,Zhang, Ran,Guo, Li,Gan, Huimei,Song, Baoning,Zhu, Wenwen,Hua, Li,Hou, Zhenshan
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel tetrahydroisoquinoline quaternary derivatives as peripheral κ-opioid receptor agonists
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A novel series of tetrahydroisoquinoline quaternary derivatives 4 were synthesized as peripheral κ-opioid receptor agonists. All the target compounds were evaluated in κ-opioid receptor binding assays, and compounds 4l, 4m, and 4n exhibited high affinity
- Guo, Ting,Gan, Zongjie,Chen, Jie,Wang, Dechuan,He, Ling,Song, Qiao,Xu, Yungen
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- Organophosphonate-Functionalized Telluromolybdate Containing a [TeMo10O37]10-Building Block and Its Catalytic Efficiency for Knoevenagel Condensation
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A novel organodiphosphonate-based telluromolybdate cluster, (NH4)6Na3H13[TeMo10O37(CoMo2O6L)4]·11H2O [1; L = (O3P)2C(O)(CH2)3NH2], has been successfully synthesized by a simple one-pot aqueous reaction. Intriguingly, the [TeMo10O37]10- subunit with tetrah
- Kong, Hui,Xu, Baijie,Zhen, Jing,Liu, Siyu,Li, Keli,Ma, Pengtao,Wang, Jingping,Niu, Jingyang
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p. 14872 - 14879
(2021/10/01)
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- Mechanistic perspectives on piperidine-catalyzed synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones
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This work introduced new members to the pharmaceutical family of 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones, 2a–e. These compounds were synthesized in moderate yields via the reaction of 1,2-bifunctional substrates (α-cyanocinnamates) with o-phenylenediamine in
- Mansour, Hanaa,El-Hendawy, Morad M.
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- Synthesis and Characterization of a Crown-Shaped 36-Molybdate Cluster and Application in Catalyzing Knoevenagel Condensation
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A novel crown-shaped 36-molybdate cluster with organophosphonate-functionalized polyoxomolybdates, (NH4)17Na7H12[Co(H2O)TeMo6O21{N(CH2PO3)3}]6·42H2O, has been successfully synthesized and well-characterized. It owns the highest nuclearity in the family of organophosphonate-based polyoxometalates reported so far. Furthermore, for the first time in the field, we illustrated that polyoxomolybdate could work as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction with high TOF (7714 h-1) and good recyclability. Impressively, the catalytic performance of 1 was also tested successfully in a large scale (~10 g) reaction, where 89percent of reaction yield and 3216 of TON were afforded.
- He, Peipei,Kannan, Thirumurthy,Kong, Hui,Ma, Pengtao,Niu, Jingyang,Wang, Jiawei,Wang, Jingping,Xu, Baijie,Xu, Qiaofei
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- Novel synthesis of 3-cyano-2-pyridones derivatives catalyzed by Au–Co/TiO2
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Abstract: The current work described a new and highly selective method for the synthesis of substituted 3-cyano-2-pyridones scaffolds using gold-cobalt supported on TiO2 as a robust and recyclable catalyst. The products were successfully obtained by one-pot, multicomponent manner. This procedure generated the desired products 2-pyridones derivatives in good yields, from simple and available starting materials using heterogeneous and reusable catalyst. The diversity of 3-cyano-2-pyridones derivatives was prepared and characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR data and confirmed by element analysis data. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Mehiaoui, Nawel,Kibou, Zahira,Berrichi, Amina,Bachir, Redouane,Choukchou-Braham, Noureddine
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p. 5263 - 5280
(2020/09/21)
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- Water mediated procedure for preparation of stereoselective oximes as inhibitors of MRCK kinase
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Stereoselective aldoximes, preferably Z form have been obtained from α-cyano substituted carbonyl conjugated alkenes. This reaction occurs through Michael addition type reaction followed by retro-Knoevenagel reaction without transition-metal catalysis via C–C bond cleavage. These oximes are evaluated against cancer cell lines employing mechanistic study. Two oximes showed significant cytotoxic activity, which through in silico studies were found to inhibit MRCK Kinase, responsible for metastatic spread of cancer mortality.
- Luqman, Suaib,Misra, Krishna,Pandey, Jyoti,Shrivash, Manoj Kumar,Shukla, Akhilesh Kumar,Singh, Shilipi
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- Synthesis of multifunctional polymer containing Ni-Pd NPs via thiol-ene reaction for one-pot cascade reactions
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Recently, acid–base bifunctional catalysts have been considered due to their abilities, such as the simultaneous activation of electrophilic and nucleophilic species and their high importance in organic syntheses. However, the synthesis of acid–base catalysts is problematic due to the neutralization of acidic and basic groups. This work reports a facial approach to solve this problem via the synthesis of a novel bifunctional polymer using inexpensive materials and easy methods. In this way, at the first step, heterogeneous poly (styrene sulfonic acid-n-vinylimidazole) containing pentaerythritol tetra-(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) cross-linkers were synthesized in the pores of a mesoporous silica structure using click reaction as a novel bifunctional acid–base catalyst. After that, Ni-Pd nanoparticles supported on poly (styrenesulfonic acid-n-vinylimidazole)/KIT-6 as a novel trifunctional heterogeneous acid–base-metal catalyst was prepared. The prepared catalysts were characterized by various techniques like FT-IR, TGA, ICP-AES, DRS-UV, TEM, FE-SEM, EDS-Mapping, and XRD. The synthesized catalysts were efficiently used as bifunctional/trifunctional catalysts for one-pot, deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation and one-pot, three-step and a sequential reaction containing deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation-reduction reaction. It is important to note that the synthesized catalyst showing high chemo-selectivity for the reduction of nitro group, alkenyl double bond and ester group in the presence of nitrile. Moreover, it was found that the different nanoparticles including Ni, Pd, and alloyed Ni-Pd showing different chemo-selectivity and catalytic activity in the reaction.
- Javad Kalbasi, Roozbeh,Mesgarsaravi, Niloofar,Gharibi, Reza
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- Synthesis, antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of nitrostyrenes and related compounds in Burkitt’s lymphoma
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Background: Cancers of the lymphatic cells (lymphomas) account for approximately 12% of malignant diseases worldwide. The nitrostyrene scaffold is identified as a lead target structure for the development of particularly effective compounds targeting Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL). Objectives: The aims of the curent study were to synthesise a panel of nitrostyrene compounds and to evaluate their activity in Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL). Methods: A panel of structurally varied compounds were designed and synthesised using Henry Knoevenagel condensation reactions. Single crystal X-Ray analysis confirmed the E configuration for six examples of these novel structures. A number of nitrostyrene-related compounds were also investigated including 1,3-bis(aryl)-2-nitropropenes together with heterocyclic scaffolds containing the nitrovinyl pharmacophore such as 3-nitro-2-phenyl-2H-chromenes. The antiproliferative activities of the compounds were evaluated using the BL cell lines EBV- MUTU-1 and EBV+ DG-75 (chemoresistant) to establish preliminary structure-activity relationships. Results: Lead compounds with optimized nitrostyrene scaffolds and 3-nitro-2-phenyl-2Hchromene structures were successfully established with typical IC50 values of 0.45 μM and 0.47 μM in MUTU-1 cells and 1.41 μM and 1.92 μM, respectively, in DG-75 cells. The mechanism of cell death was identified as apoptotic and the lead compound was found to elicit comparable apoptotic effects to Taxol in Burkitt’s lymphoma cell lines MUTU-1 and DG-75. Conclusion: This class of pharmaceutically active compounds with potential for the treatment of Burkitt’s lymphoma suggest a potential role for nitrostyrene based agents in chemotherapy.
- Byrne, Andrew J.,Bright, Sandra A.,Fayne, Darren,McKeown, James P.,McCabe, Thomas,Twamley, Brendan,Williams, Clive,Meegan, Mary J.
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p. 181 - 199
(2018/03/13)
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- Polyoxoniobates as a superior Lewis base efficiently catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation
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The outstanding basicity of negative charged Lindqvist type Polyoxoniobate K7HNb6O19·13H2O (Nb6) have been proved experimentally as well as by theoretical NBO calculations, the results insights high electron density on terminal and bridging oxygen atoms of niobate anion. The most negative Natural Bond Orbital charge (NBO) of oxygen in Nb6 is ?1.001, which is a much more negative value than those reported in other polyoxometalates, that corroborates its high basicity thus likely to be employed as a strong base catalyst. Experimental study suggests that Nb6 can efficiently catalyze Knoevenagel condensation of various carbonyl compounds with active methylene compounds neglecting the steric and electronic effect of aromatic aldehydes under mild conditions. Kinetic test shows that Knoevenagel condensation of benzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetate exhibits second-order kinetics in the presence of Nb6 and the calculated activation energy is 43.3 kJ mol?1. Meanwhile, a proper mechanism according to the NBO study speculates that the most negative charged terminal oxygens in Nb6 would be pivotal in this transformation.
- Xu, Qiaofei,Niu, Yanjun,Wang, Guan,Li, Yingguang,Zhao, Yuan,Singh, Vikram,Niu, Jingyang,Wang, Jingping
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- Layered double hydroxide anchored ionic liquids as amphiphilic heterogeneous catalysts for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction
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In recent years, great attention has been dedicated to the development of heterogeneous base catalysts providing a green and sustainable process in benign aqueous media. Herein, the ionic liquid modified layered double hydroxide (LDH) based catalysts of L
- Li, Tengfei,Zhang, Wei,Chen, Wei,Miras, Haralampos N.,Song, Yu-Fei
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supporting information
p. 3059 - 3067
(2018/03/06)
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- Synergistic NaBH4Reduction/Cyclization of 2-Aroylcyclopropane-1-carboxylates: Synthesis of 3-Oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane Derivatives
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An NaBH4reduction/cyclization reaction of readily available 2-aroyl-1-cyano-3-arylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate compounds was investigated. The process results in the stereoselective synthesis of 3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane derivatives in high yield
- Liu, Jiaming,Wang, Lizhong,Qing, Xushun,Zhang, Feixiang,Wang, Ting,Wang, Cunde
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supporting information
p. 1012 - 1018
(2017/02/15)
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- Microwave assisted urea-acetic acid catalyzed knoevenagel condensation of ethyl cyanoacetate and 1,3-Thiazolidine-2,4-dione with aromatic aldehydes under solvent free condition
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Knoevengel condensation reaction of various aromatic aldehydes with ethyl cyanoacetate and 1,3-thiazolidinone-2,4-diones catalyzed by urea-acetic acid under solvent free condition where olefinic products were obtained in high yield within short reaction time.
- Tryambake, Pravin. T.
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p. 2401 - 2405
(2017/10/31)
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- Amine-functionalized ionic liquid-based mesoporous organosilica as a highly efficient nanocatalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation
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A novel amine-functionalized ionic liquid-based periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO-IL-NH2) was prepared and characterized and its catalytic performance was investigated in the Knoevenagel reaction. PMO-IL-NH2 was prepared by simul
- Elhamifar, Dawood,Kazempoor, Somayeh,Karimi, Babak
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p. 4318 - 4326
(2016/07/06)
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- Discovery, stereospecific characterization and peripheral modification of 1-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)-2-[(6-chloro-3-oxo-indan)-formyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines as novel selective κ opioid receptor agonists
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A novel series of 1-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)-2-[(3-oxo-indan)-formyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives maj-3a-maj-3u were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their binding affinity at κ-opioid receptors. Maj-3c displayed the highest affinity for κ-opioid receptors (Ki = 0.033 nM) among all the compounds evaluated. Furthermore, all four stereoisomers of compound 3c were prepared, and (1S,18S)-3c was identified as the most potent (Ki = 0.0059 nM) κ-opioid receptor agonist among the four stereoisomers. Maj-3c produced significant antinociception (ED50 = 0.000406 mg kg-1) compared to U-50,488H and original BRL 52580 in the acetic acid writhing assay, but its strong sedative effect (ED50 = 0.000568 mg kg-1) observed in the mouse rotation test reduced its druggability. To minimize the central nervous system side effects, a series of hydroxyl-containing analogs of maj-3c were synthesized, and maj-11a was found to be a potent κ-opioid receptor agonist (Ki = 35.13 nM). More importantly, the dose for the sedative effect (ED50 = 9.29 mg kg-1) of maj-11a was significantly higher than its analgesic dose (ED50 = 0.392 mg kg-1), which made it a promising peripheral analgesic candidate compound with weak sedative side effects.
- Gan, Zong-Jie,Wang, Yu-Hua,Xu, Yun-Gen,Guo, Ting,Wang, Jun,Song, Qiao,Xu, Xue-Jun,Hu, Shi-Yuan,Wang, Yu-Jun,Wang, De-Chuan,Sun, De-Zhu,Zhang, Di,Xi, Tao,Li, Hao-Dong,Zhang, Hai-Bo,Hang, Tai-Jun,Lu, Hong-Guo,Liu, Jing-Gen
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p. 5656 - 5673
(2015/05/27)
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- Classical Keggin Intercalated into Layered Double Hydroxides: Facile Preparation and Catalytic Efficiency in Knoevenagel Condensation Reactions
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The family of polyoxometalate (POM) intercalated layered double hydroxide (LDH) composite materials has shown great promise for the design of functional materials with numerous applications. It is known that intercalation of the classical Keggin polyoxome
- Jia, Yueqing,Fang, Yanjun,Zhang, Yingkui,Miras, Haralampos N.,Song, Yu-Fei
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p. 14862 - 14870
(2015/10/20)
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- Tri-lacunary polyoxometalates of Na8H[PW9O 34] as heterogeneous Lewis base catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation, cyanosilylation and the synthesis of benzoxazole derivatives
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We reported for the first time the development of tri-lacunary polyoxometalates (POMs) of Na8H[A-PW9O34] ·7H2O and Na8H[B-PW9O 34]·19H2O (Na-A-PW9 and Na-B-PW 9) as highly selective and efficient heterogeneous Lewis base catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation, cyanosilylation of various aldehydes and ketones and the synthesis of benzoxazole derivatives at 25 C under mild conditions. Since both Na-A-PW9 and Na-B-PW9 display no characteristic porosity, it is proposed that the catalytic reactions proceed not only on the surface and interface, but also in the bulk phase. The catalysts can be easily recovered and reused for at least six times without obvious decrease of catalytic activities and the structures of the catalysts remain unchanged after recycling. The easy preparation, high efficiency, reusability of the heterogeneous catalysts of Na-A-PW9 and Na-B-PW9 exhibit great potential for further application.
- Zhao, Shen,Chen, Yang,Song, Yu-Fei
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p. 140 - 146
(2014/03/21)
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- A PEG bridged tertiary amine functionalized ionic liquid exhibiting thermoregulated reversible biphasic behavior with cyclohexane/isopropanol: Synthesis and application in Knoevenagel condensation
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A novel poly(ethylene glycol) bridged tertiary amine functionalized ionic liquid PEG800-DPIL(Cl) was synthesized. It can form a temperature driven reversible biphasic system with cyclohexane/isopropanol mixed solvent. This biphasic system was applied in Knoevenagel condensation up to 99%. PEG 800-DPIL(Cl) could be simply recovered and recycled for several runs.
- Luo, Jun,Xin, Tantan,Wang, Yinglei
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p. 269 - 273
(2013/02/25)
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- Polystyrene-immobilized DABCO as a highly efficient and recyclable organocatalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction
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Polystyrene-immobilized DABCO was used for the first time as a basic organocatalyst for carbon-carbon bond formation reactions. The supported catalyst could be used as a reusable catalyst in the Knoevenagel condensation of a wide range of aromatic/heterocyclic/α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones with active methylene compounds. The reaction conditions are mild and the method is operationally simple. The reactions proceed in a short time period and with 100% selectivity. The catalyst could be easily separated from the reaction by filtration and recycled ten times without activity loss. Based on the catalyst, a continuous flow process was also developed.
- Xu, Da-Zhen,Shi, Sen,Wang, Yongmei
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p. 23075 - 23079
(2013/11/19)
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- Design and an efficient synthesis of natural product-based cyclopenta[b]pyran derivatives with potential bioactivity
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A series of 4-aryl-cyclopenta[b]pyran derivatives, designed based on natural product scaffold, were synthesized efficiently via multi-component reaction under solvent-free and catalyst-free conditions. This chemistry provides a new compound library with potential activity for biomedical screening.
- Yao, Changsheng,Jiang, Bei,Li, Tuanjie,Qin, Bingbin,Feng, Xiaodong,Zhang, Honghong,Wang, Cuihua,Tu, Shujiang
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 599 - 601
(2011/02/27)
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- Efficient asymmetric synthesis of 4H-chromene derivatives through a tandem michael addition-cyclization reaction catalyzed by a salen-cobalt(II) complex
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The asymmetric synthesis of 2-amino-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene derivatives was achieved through a tandem Michael addition-cyclization reaction of easily available cyclohexane-1,3-dione and ethyl 2-cyano-3-phenylacrylates. Moderate to good yields (up to 81%) and high enantioselectivities (up to 89%ee) were obtained with a chiral salen-cobalt(II) complex. This process was air tolerant and easily performed, which provides an efficient method for the synthesis of chiral 4H-chromene derivatives. The asymmetric synthesis of 2-amino-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene derivatives was achieved through a tandem Michael addition-cyclization reaction of easily available cyclohexane-1,3-dione and ethyl 2-cyano-3-phenylacrylates catalyzed by a chiral salen-cobalt(II) complex with moderate to good yields (up to 81%) and high enantioselectivities (up to 89%ee).
- Dong, Zhenhua,Liu, Xiaohua,Feng, Juhua,Wang, Min,Lin, Lili,Feng, Xiaoming
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 137 - 142
(2011/03/18)
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- Lipase-catalysed tandem Knoevenagel condensation and esterification with alcohol cosolvents
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Six lipases were screened for their ability to catalyse the Knoevenagel condensation between benzaldehyde and methyl cyanoacetate. Lipase from porcine pancreas tolerated a variety of functional groups on the aromatic ring, produced the highest yields, and
- Lai, Yi-Feng,Zheng, Hui,Chai, She-Jie,Zhang, Peng-Fei,Chen, Xin-Zhi
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 1917 - 1918
(2010/12/24)
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- Synthesis of polysubstituted dihydropyridines by four-component reactions of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, arylamines, and acetylenedicarboxylate
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A practical and efficient procedure for the preparation of the polysubstituted dihydropyridines was developed through a unique four-component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, arylamines, and acetylenedicarboxylate in ethanol in the presence of triethylamine as a base promoter. This four-component reaction is atom-efficient, high-yielding, and applicable to a wide variety of four-component reactions.
- Sun, Jing,Xia, Er-Yan,Wu, Qun,Yan, Chao-Guo
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3678 - 3681
(2010/10/03)
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- A novel and green method for the synthesis of highly substituted isoquinoline derivatives in ionic liquid
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(Chemical Equation Presented) A series of new highly substituted isoquinoline derivatives was obtained from the reaction of 2-(1-substituted piperidin-4-ylidene)malononitrile, benzaldehyde and malononitrile or cyanoacetate in ionic liquid at 50°C. This no
- Wang, Xiang-Shan,Wu, Jian-Rong,Li, Qing,Zhang, Mei-Mei
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body text
p. 1355 - 1363
(2010/03/26)
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- TETRAHYDRO ISOQUINOLINE DERIVATIVES, PREPARATION METHODS AND MEDICINAL USES THEREOF
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A kind of tetrahydro isoquinoline derivatives (I), their preparation methods, medicine compositions and medicinal uses thereof, especially their uses as κ-opioid receptor excitant in pain relieving, which belongs to the medicine chemistry. The substituents R1, R2, R3, R4 of general formula (I) are defined as the description.
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Page/Page column 9
(2009/04/23)
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- Tetrahydro isoquinoline derivatives, preparation methods and medicinal uses thereof
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A kind of tetrahydro isoquinoline derivatives (I), their preparation methods, medicine compositions and medicinal uses thereof, especially their uses as kappa-opioid receptor excitant in pain relieving, which belongs to the medicine chemistry. The substituents R1, R2, R3, R4 of general formula (I) are defined as the description.
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Page/Page column 7
(2009/12/02)
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- Efficient green procedure for the Knoevenagel condensation under solvent-free conditions
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Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with active methylene compounds under solvent-free conditions to synthesize arylidene compounds by grinding in the presence of TEBA at room temperature has been described. This method is simple, efficient, an
- Rong, Liangce,Li, Xiaoyue,Wang, Haiying,Shi, Daqing,Tu, Shujiang,Zhuang, Qiya
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p. 2407 - 2412
(2007/10/03)
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- Clean synthesis of ethyl α-cyanocinnamates catalysed by hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide in aqueous media
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An efficient and convenient approach to the synthesis of ethyl α-cyanocinnamates in water using hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HTMAB) as the phase-transfer catalyst (10 mol %) is described. This method provides several advantages such as neutral con
- Jin, Tong-Shou,Wang, Xin,Liu, Li-Bin,Li, Tong-Shuang
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p. 346 - 347
(2007/10/03)
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- Towards organo-click reactions: Development of pharmaceutical ingredients by using direct organocatalytic bio-mimetic reductions
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Economic and environmentally friendly bio-mimetic one-pot three and four-component Knoevenagel-hydrogenation (K-H), five-component Knoevenagel-hydrogenation-alkylation (K-H-A) and six-component Knoevenagel-hydrogenation-alkylation-Huisgen cycloaddition (K-H-A-HC) reactions of aldehydes, CH-acids, o-phenylenediamine, alkyl halides and azides using proline, proline-metal carbonate and proline-metal carbonate-Cu I-catalysis, respectively have been developed. Many of K-H and K-H-A compounds have direct application in pharmaceutical chemistry. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Ramachary, Dhevalapally B.,Reddy, G. Babul
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p. 4463 - 4468
(2008/09/19)
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- Solvent-Free Synthesis of Ethyl α-Cyanocinnamates Catalyzed by K 2O-Al2O3 Using Grinding Method
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K2O-Al2O3 catalyzes the Knoevenagel condensation of ethyl cyanoacetate with aromatic aldehydes, giving ethyl α-cyanocinnamates in 94-98% yield under solvent-free condition by grinding at room temperature.
- Wang, Shu-Xiang,Li, Ji-Tai,Yang, Wen-Zhi,Yin, Ya-Hui,Xie, Zi-Hui
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p. 829 - 834
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of ethyl α-cyanocinnamates catalyzed by Al2O3-OK solid base
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Condensation of ethyl cyanoacetate with aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by Al2O3-OK solid base in ethanol results ethyl α-cyanocinnamates in 80-99% yields.
- Jin, Tong-Shou,Guo, Jun-Jie,Liu, Hui-Min,Li, Tong-Shuang
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p. 783 - 788
(2007/10/03)
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