14396-64-6Relevant articles and documents
FLUORODIOXOLANE-CONTAINING ALKYNES
Hung, Ming-H.
, p. 159 - 164 (1991)
Novel fluorinated dioxolane-containing alkyne compounds 1 and 2 were synthesized from hexafluoroacetone and either 1,4-dibromo-2-butene or propargyl alcohol.
Intermediate compound for synthesizing dithioerythritol, application of intermediate compound and synthesis method of dithioerythritol
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Paragraph 0043-0044; 0048-0049, (2020/05/14)
The invention discloses an intermediate compound for synthesizing dithioerythritol, an application of the intermediate compound and a synthesis method of the dithioerythritol. The intermediate compound is 2, 3-diacetyl thiomethylethylene oxide, and the chemical formula of the intermediate compound is shown in the specification, and the intermediate compound can be prepared by performing substitution reaction on 2, 3-dibromomethylethylene oxide and thioacetate. The synthesis method of the dithioerythritol comprises the step of carrying out hydrolysis reaction on the intermediate compound. The 2, 3-diacetyl thiomethylethylene oxide can be directly hydrolyzed to obtain the dithioerythritol, the preparation of the 2, 3-diacetyl thiomethyl ethylene oxide is simple, a new synthesis idea is provided for the synthesis of the dithioerythritol, the synthesis route is short, the operation is simple and convenient, and the yield is high.
NOVEL AMIDE DERIVATIVES
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, (2008/06/13)
This invention relates to compounds which are represented by the general formula [I] ???[in which A stands for a group of the following formula [ao] or [b0] ???Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 stand for optionally substituted phenyl; k stands for 0 or 1; m, n and s stand for 0, 1 or 2; R1 stands for hydrogen or optionally substituted lower alkyl; R2, R3, R4 and R5 either stand for hydrogen or optionally substituted lower alkyl, or R2 and R3, or R4 and R5 together stand for trimethylene and the like; R60 stands for hydrogen, alkyl, or the like; R61and R71 either stand for alkyl and the like, or together stand for trimethylene and the like; X stands for carbonyl or methylene; Y stands for nitrogen or methine; and Q- stands for anion], and the like. The compounds of the invention exhibit selective antagonism to muscarinic M3 receptors, and therefore are useful as safe and effective agents showing little side effect, for treating diseases of the respiratory, urinary and digestive systems.
Enhancement of Bacterial Mutagenicity of Bifunctional Alkylating Agents by Expression of Mammalian Glutathione S-Transferase
Thier, Ricarda,Mueller, Michael,Taylor, John B.,Pemble, Sally E.,Ketterer, Brian,Guengerich, F. Peter
, p. 465 - 472 (2007/10/03)
Recently, we inserted the plasmid vector pKK233-2 containing rat GSH S-transferase (GST) 5-5 cDNA into Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 and found that these bacteria [GST 5-5(+)] expressed the protein and produced mutations whrn ethylene or methylene dihalides were added [Thier, R., Taylor, J. B., Pemble, S. E., Ketterer, B., Persmark, M., Humphreys, W. G., and Guengerich, F. P. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 8576-8580]. After exposure to the known GST 5-5 substrate 1,2-epoxy-3-(4'-nitrophenoxy)propane, the GST 5-5(+) strain showed fewer mutants than the bacteria transfected with the cDNA clone in a reverse orientation [GST 5-5(-)], suggesting a protective role of GST 5-5. However, mutations were considerably enhanced in the GST 5-5(+) strain [as compared to GST 5-5(-)] when 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (butadiene diepoxide) or 1,2-epoxy-4-bromobutane was added. The GST 5-5(+) and GST 5-5(-) bacterial stains showed similar responses to 1,2-epoxypropane, 3,4-epoxy-1-butene, and 1,4-dibromobutane. The results suggest that some bifunctional activated butanes are transformed to mutagenic products through GSH conjugation. We also found that the GST 5-5(+) strain showed enhanced mutagenicity with 1,4-dibromo-2,3-epoxybutane, 1,2-epoxy-3-bromopropane, (epibromohydrin), and (+/-)-1,4-dibromo-2,3-dihydroxybutane. The possibility was considered that a 5-membered thialonium ion may be involved in the mutagenicity. Model thialonium compounds were rather stable to hydrolysis in aqueous solution at pH 7.4 and slowly alkylated 4-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridine. The presence of a hydroxyl group β to the sulfur did not enhance reactivity. Mechanisms involving episulfonium ions are considered more likely. Potential oxidation products of the toxic pesticide 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) were also considered in this system. DBCP itself gave rather similar results in the two strains. Others have reported that oxidation of DBCP is required for mutagenicity, along with GST-catalyzed GSH conjugation [Simula, T. P., Glancey, M. J., Soederlund, E. J., Dybing, E., and Wolf, C. R. (1993) Carcinogenesis, 14, 2303-2307]. The putative oxidation product 1,2-dibromopropional did not show a difference between the two strains. However, 1,3-dichloroacetone, a model for the putative oxidation product 1-bromo-3-chloroacetone, was considerably more mutagenic in the GST 5-5(+) strain.
Studies on the Synthesis of Ginkgolides. Rapid Construction of the Spirononane A and B Rings
DeLuca, Mark R.,Magnus, Philip
, p. 2661 - 2667 (2007/10/02)
The functionalised spirononane 30 is available from tert-butylcyclopentadiene 16 via spiroalkylation with 12b to give 17/18, followed by singlet oxygenation/aldolisation to the mixture of 21, 22, 25 and 26.Oxidation of the mixture gave two enediones
Intramolecular reactions of allyloxy radicals featuring six-centred transition states; regiochemistry and stereochemistry
Begley,Housden,Johns,Murphy
, p. 8417 - 8430 (2007/10/02)
Intramolecular free-radical reactions of allyloxy radicals to form tetrahydropyrans and cyclopentanols have been studies; the cyclopentanols form stereoselectively with trans disposition of groups about the ring-forming bond.
