- Convenient method for preparation of aryl sulfinates from arenes and DABSO as the SO2 surrogates
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A safe and efficient protocol for the synthesis of aryl sulfinates from arenes and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane bis(sulfur dioxide) (DABSO) under mild conditions is described. Through in situ infrared spectroscopic studies, a plausible mechanism for the sulfination reaction is proposed as well.
- Wang, Tianlei,Wang, Fumin,Shen, Jinghua,Pang, Tianting,Ren, Yanfei,Wu, Botao,Zhang, Xubin
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- Direct sulfonylation of BODIPY dyes with sodium sulfinates through oxidative radical hydrogen substitution at the α-position
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An efficient and convenient protocol for the direct sulfonylation of BODIPY dyes with sodium sulfinates via a radical process is described for the first time. This transformation presented wide substrate scope and high regioselectivity, providing a series of α-sulfonylated BODIPYs. Meaningfully, the sulfonyl group, as a good leaving group, allowed the facile introduction of a variety of functionalities on the BODIPY core. Moreover, a 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonyl (DBS) group substituted BODIPY showed dramatically quenched fluorescence via the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pathway, and was demonstrated as a new fluorescent probe for selective biothiol detection. This journal is
- Lv, Fan,Guo, Xing,Wu, Hao,Li, Heng,Tang, Bing,Yu, Changjiang,Hao, Erhong,Jiao, Lijuan
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- Construction of Sulfonyl Phthalides via Copper-Catalyzed Oxysulfonylation of 2-Vinylbenzoic Acids with Sodium Sulfinates
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Copper-catalyzed difunctionalization of 2-vinylbenzoic acids with sodium sulfinates to construct substituted lactones has been realized. This protocol employs inexpensive CuCl2 as the catalyst, di-tert-butyl peroxide or O2 as the terminal oxidant, and readily available sodium sulfinates as sulfonylation reagents. High functional group tolerance and excellent yields were demonstrated by the efficient preparation of a wide range of γ-sulfonylated phthalides.
- Xiong, Yan-Shi,Zhang, Bin,Yu, Yang,Weng, Jiang,Lu, Gui
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- A three-component reaction of arynes, sodium sulfinates, and aldehydes toward 2-sulfonyl benzyl alcohol derivatives
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A novel three-component reaction of arynes, sodium sulfinates, and aldehydes under mild reaction conditions is described. This transformation provides a direct synthetic approach to 2-sulfonyl benzyl alcohol derivatives, which could be rapidly converted to diverse arylsulfur compounds via the transformation of the corresponding hydroxyl groups. Various aryne precursors, sodium arenesulfinates, and aromatic aldehydes can be effectively converted to the desired products in 40-84% yields (29 examples).
- Chen, Qian,Gao, Yang,Hu, Yifan,Huang, Yuanting,Li, Xianwei,Zhao, Xi
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- Copper-mediated ortho C-H sulfonylation of benzoic acid derivatives with sodium sulfinates
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Copper-mediated direct ortho C-H bond sulfonylation of benzoic acid derivatives with sodium sulfinates was achieved by employing an 8-aminoquinoline moiety as the bidentate directing group. Various aryl sulfones were synthesized in good yields with excellent regioselectivity. This journal is
- Liu, Jidan,Yu, Lin,Zhuang, Shaobo,Gui, Qingwen,Chen, Xiang,Wang, Wenduo,Tan, Ze
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Read Online
- Photoredox-catalyzed synthesis of N-unsubstituted enaminosulfones from vinyl azides and sulfinates
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A metal-free visible light photoredox-catalyzed synthesis of N-unsubstituted enaminosulfones from vinyl azides and sodium sulfinates in moderate to high yields is described. The reaction proceeds in ethanol and uses eosin Y as a readily available photocatalyst in combination with nitrobenzene as an electron shuttle. Taking into account the number of steps involved (generation of the sulfonyl radical, its addition to the double bond, elimination of molecular nitrogen with formation of an iminyl radical, followed by its reduction and protonation) as well as the number of redox-active reaction partners involved, the selectivity of the process is quite impressive.
- Mulina, Olga M.,Ilovaisky, Alexey I.,Opatz, Till,Terent'ev, Alexander O.
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supporting information
(2021/01/11)
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- Electrosynthesis of N-unsubstituted enaminosulfones from vinyl azides and sodium sulfinates mediated by NH4I
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A wide range of N-unsubstituted enaminosulfones were obtained via electrochemical sulfonylation of vinyl azides with sulfonyl radicals generated from sodium sulfinates. The discovery of N-unsubstituted enaminosulfones synthesis is based on a unique ability of the azido group to eliminate the N2 molecule. The process is performed under constant current conditions in an experimentally convenient undivided electrochemical cell equipped with a graphite anode and a stainless steel cathode applying NH4I both as the redox catalyst and the supporting electrolyte.
- Mulina, Olga M.,Doronin, Mikhail M.,Terent'ev, Alexander O.
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supporting information
(2021/10/16)
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- Visible-light-promotedE-selective synthesis of α-fluoro-β-arylalkenyl sulfidesviathe deoxygenation/isomerization process
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Regioselective synthesis of α-fluoro-β-arylalkenyl sulfides has been established withgem-difluoroalkenes and sodium sulfinates in a transition-metal-free manner. A series of control experiments were executed to demonstrate thiol radicals and anions as the proposed intermediates. Notably, regioselectiveZ→Eisomerization was achieved under green light irradiation in the absence of a photoinitiator.
- Li, Yuxiu,Li, Xiangqian,Li, Xiaowei,Shi, Dayong
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supporting information
p. 2152 - 2155
(2021/03/06)
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- Direct α-Acylation of Alkenes via N-Heterocyclic Carbene, Sulfinate, and Photoredox Cooperative Triple Catalysis
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N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis has emerged as a versatile tool in modern synthetic chemistry. Further increasing the complexity, several processes have been introduced that proceed via dual catalysis, where the NHC organocatalyst operates in concert with a second catalytic moiety, significantly enlarging the reaction scope. In biological transformations, multiple catalysis is generally used to access complex natural products. Guided by that strategy, triple catalysis has been studied recently, where three different catalytic modes are merged in a single process. In this Communication, direct α-C-H acylation of various alkenes with aroyl fluorides using NHC, sulfinate, and photoredox cooperative triple catalysis is reported. The method allows the preparation of α-substituted vinyl ketones in moderate to high yields with excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies reveal that these cascades proceed through a sequential radical addition/coupling/elimination process. In contrast to known triple catalysis processes that operate via two sets of interwoven catalysis cycles, in the introduced process, all three cycles are interwoven.
- Liu, Kun,Studer, Armido
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supporting information
p. 4903 - 4909
(2021/05/04)
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- Visible-Light-Driven Sulfonation of α-Trifluoromethylstyrenes: Access to Densely Functionalized CF3-Substituted Tertiary Alcohol
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Reported herein is a visible-light-induced sulfonation of α-trifluoromethylstyrenes with sodium sulfinates, which provides a series of α-trifluoromethyl-β-sulfonyl tertiary alcohols. This new synthetic protocol is enabled by a charge-transfer complex between oxygen and sulfinates, featuring broad substrate scope and scalability. Excellent functional group compatibility and chemoselectivity render this method suitable for sulfonation of pharmaceutically relevant molecules. In the presence of D2O, deuteriotrifluorinated products were also obtained, further demonstrating the flexibility and synthetic potentials of this strategy.
- Chen, Yi-Xuan,Wang, Zhu-Jun,Xiao, Jun-An,Chen, Kai,Xiang, Hao-Yue,Yang, Hua
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supporting information
p. 6558 - 6562
(2021/08/23)
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- Synthesis of arylboronates via the Pd-catalyzed desulfitative coupling reaction of sodium arylsulfinates with bis(pinacolato)diboron
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The desulfitative borylation reaction of sodium arylsulfinates with bis(pinacolato)diboron or bis(neopentylglycolato)diboron under palladium catalysis has been developed, allowing selective C-B bond formation to give arylboronates with a range of functional groups in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions. A gram-scale preparation as well as the cascade Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of arylboronates demonstrated the potential practical utility in organic synthesis.
- Qiu, Di,Li, Songyi,Yue, Guanglu,Mao, Jinshan,Xu, Bei,Yuan, Xinyu,Ye, Fei
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supporting information
(2021/11/04)
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- Visible-light-driven electron donor-acceptor complex induced sulfonylation of diazonium salts with sulfinates
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This work reports an efficient sulfonylation reaction enabled by a visible-light-induced radical coupling reaction between phenyl/heterocyclic diazonium salts and sulfinates. Mechanistic experiments disclosed the formation of a versatile electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex. This transformation is characterized by an easy operational procedure under mild conditions which avoids transition metals, ligands, catalysts, and oxidants.
- Cheng, Lan,Guo, Jianbo,Li, Yufei,Liang, Xin,Wang, Qingmin,Xia, Qing,Zhang, Pei,Zhang, Weihua
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supporting information
p. 8865 - 8870
(2021/11/30)
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- Styrene sulfone NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, preparation method and application thereof
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The invention relates to the field of styrene sulfone compounds and NLRP3 inhibitors, and particularly provides a styrene sulfone NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the inhibitor is represented by a formula (1), n is selected from 0 and 1, X is selected from N and O, R1 is selected from different electron withdrawing or electron donating substituents, and R2 is selected from different fat or aromatic substituents. According to the invention, it is verified that the compounds represented by the general formula have NLRP3 inhibitory activity.
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Paragraph 0053; 0068-0071
(2020/10/30)
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- Three-Component, Interrupted Radical Heck/Allylic Substitution Cascade Involving Unactivated Alkyl Bromides
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Developing efficient and selective strategies to approach complex architectures containing (multi)stereogenic centers has been a long-standing synthetic challenge in both academia and industry. Catalytic cascade reactions represent a powerful means of rapidly leveraging molecular complexity from simple feedstocks. Unfortunately, carrying out cascade Heck-type reactions involving unactivated (tertiary) alkyl halides remains an unmet challenge owing to unavoidable β-hydride elimination. Herein, we show that a modular, practical, and general palladium-catalyzed, radical three-component coupling can indeed overcome the aforementioned limitations through an interrupted Heck/allylic substitution sequence mediated by visible light. Selective 1,4-difunctionalization of unactivated 1,3-dienes, such as butadiene, has been achieved by employing different commercially available nitrogen-, oxygen-, sulfur-, or carbon-based nucleophiles and unactivated alkyl bromides (>130 examples, mostly >95:5 E/Z, >20:1 rr). Sequential C(sp3)-C(sp3) and C-X (N, O, S) bonds have been constructed efficiently with a broad scope and high functional group tolerance. The flexibility and versatility of the strategy have been illustrated in a gram-scale reaction and streamlined syntheses of complex ether, sulfone, and tertiary amine products, some of which would be difficult to access via currently established methods.
- Bellotti, Peter,Glorius, Frank,Heidrich, Bastian,Huang, Huan-Ming,Pflüger, Philipp M.,Schwarz, J. Luca
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supporting information
p. 10173 - 10183
(2020/06/27)
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- Metal-Free Chemoselective Reaction of Sulfoxonium Ylides and Thiosulfonates: Diverse Synthesis of 1,4-Diketones, Aryl Sulfursulfoxonium Ylides, and β-Keto Thiosulfones Derivatives
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A diverse chemoselective insertion reaction of sulfoxonium ylides and thiosulfonates under transition-metal-free conditions is developed, which successfully affords 1,4-diketone compounds, arylthiosulfoxide-ylides, and β-keto thiosulfones, respectively. The nucleophilic addition of two molecular sulfoxonium ylides to construct sulfone-substituted 1,4-dione compounds is the highlight of this work.
- Wang, Fei,Liu, Bo-Xi,Rao, Weidong,Wang, Shun-Yi
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supporting information
p. 6600 - 6604
(2020/09/02)
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- Alkene: Versus alkyne reactivity in unactivated 1,6-enynes: Regio-And chemoselective radical cyclization with chalcogens under metal-And oxidant-free conditions
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Herein, we have developed metal and oxidant-free visible light-promoted alkene vs. alkyne regio-And chemoselective radical cascade cyclization of electronically unbiased 1,6-enynes with chalcogens to synthesize substituted pyrrolidines bearing chalcogens. The reaction generated three new bonds, namely, C-SO2, C-C, and C-Se under extremely mild conditions. Furthermore, we achieved regio-And chemoselective mono-addition of aromatic thiophenols with unactivated 1,6-enynes. The key features of this protocol are broad substrate scope, environment-friendly conditions, operational simplicity, atom economy, and amenability to gram-scale synthesis. The mechanistic studies corroborate that the reaction proceeds via a radical pathway.
- Kudale, Vishal Suresh,Li, Jing,Mutra, Mohana Reddy,Tsai, Wu-Hsun,Wang, Jeh-Jeng
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supporting information
p. 2288 - 2300
(2020/04/21)
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- Copper catalysed oxidative α-sulfonylation of branched aldehydes using the acid enhanced reactivity of manganese(iv) oxide
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The oxidative coupling of secondary aldehydes and sulfinate salts is achieved using copper catalysis to form α-sulfonyl aldehydes. The use of an acidic co-solvent is important to adjust the oxidation potential of MnO2 as an oxidant. A broad range of sulfonylated aldehydes is prepared, and their further functionalisation is demonstrated. A dual ionic/radical pathway mechanism is proposed.
- Higham, Joe I.,Bull, James A.
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supporting information
p. 4587 - 4590
(2020/05/05)
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- Switching of Sulfonylation Selectivity by Nature of Solvent and Temperature: The Reaction of β-Dicarbonyl Compounds with Sodium Sulfinates under the Action of Iron-Based Oxidants
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Selectivity of sulfonylation of β-keto esters with sodium sulfinates under the action of iron(III) salts as oxidants can be regulated by the type of solvent used and the reaction temperature. α-Sulfonyl β-keto esters are obtained when the process is conducted in THF/H2O solution at 40 °C. The change of the solvent to iPrOH/H2O and refluxing of a reaction mixture provides α-sulfonyl esters – the products of successive sulfonylation-deacylation. When β-diketones are applied as starting materials, only α-sulfonyl ketones are formed. The reaction pathway includes sulfonylation of dicabonyl compounds under the action of Fe(III) to form α-sulfonylated dicarbonyl compounds, which are then attacked by a solvent as the nucleophile, resulting in the products of successive sulfonylation-deacylation. Participation of the solvent in the reaction pathway determines the products structure.
- Mulina, Olga M.,Pirgach, Dmitry A.,Nikishin, Gennady I.,Terent'ev, Alexander O.
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supporting information
p. 4179 - 4188
(2019/05/08)
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- Hydrosulfonylation of Unactivated Alkenes by Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis
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The anti-Markovnikov hydrosulfonylation of unactivated alkenes with sodium sulfinates was realized via [Ir(dF(CF3)ppy)2(dtbbpy)]PF6-mediated visible light photoredox catalysis. The presence of an acid such as acetic acid is essential for the reaction to take place. A variety of unactivated alkenes can be transformed into sulfones with good yield and high regioselectivity using this reaction, which is proposed to proceed by a radical mechanism.
- Wang, Juan-Juan,Yu, Wei
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supporting information
p. 9236 - 9240
(2019/11/19)
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- Copper-catalyzed redox coupling of nitroarenes with sodium sulfinates
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A simple copper-catalyzed redox coupling of sodium sulfinates and nitroarenes is described. In this process, abundant and stable nitroarenes serve as both the nitrogen sources and oxidants, and sodium sulfinates act as both reactants and reductants. A variety of aromatic sulfonamides were obtained in moderate to good yields with broad substrate scope. No external additive is employed for this kind of transformation.
- Liu, Saiwen,Chen, Ru,Zhang, Jin
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- Rapid Deoxyfluorination of Alcohols with N-Tosyl-4-chlorobenzenesulfonimidoyl Fluoride (SulfoxFluor) at Room Temperature
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The deoxyfluorination of alcohols is a fundamentally important approach to access alkyl fluorides, and thus the development of shelf-stable, easy-to-handle, fluorine-economical, and highly selective deoxyfluorination reagents is highly desired. This work describes the development of a crystalline compound, N-tosyl-4-chlorobenzenesulfonimidoyl fluoride (SulfoxFluor), as a novel deoxyfluorination reagent that possesses all of the aforementioned merits, which is rare in the arena of deoxyfluorination. Endowed by the multi-dimensional modulating ability of the sulfonimidoyl group, SulfoxFluor is superior to 2-pyridinesulfonyl fluoride (PyFluor) in fluorination rate, and is also superior to perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride (PBSF) in fluorine-economy. Its reaction with alcohols not only tolerates a wide range of functionalities including the more sterically hindered alcoholic hydroxyl groups, but also exhibits high fluorination/elimination selectivity. Because SulfoxFluor can be easily prepared from inexpensive materials and can be safely handled without special techniques, it promises to serve as a practical deoxyfluorination reagent for the synthesis of various alkyl fluorides.
- Guo, Junkai,Kuang, Cuiwen,Rong, Jian,Li, Lingchun,Ni, Chuanfa,Hu, Jinbo
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supporting information
p. 7259 - 7264
(2019/05/10)
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- Switchable regioselection of C-H thiolation of indoles using different TMS counterions
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A switchable regioselectivity in C-H thiolation reaction by simply swapping the counteranions of TMS is reported here for the first time. An exclusive C3-H thiolation of indoles with sodium arylsulfinates was achieved in the presence of TMSCl as a promoter. In contrast, with the use of TMSOTf instead of TMSCl under otherwise identical conditions, a regiospecific C2-H thiolation of indoles was realized with the same set of substrates.
- Ji, Yuan-Zhao,Li, Hui-Jing,Zhang, Jin-Yu,Wu, Yan-Chao
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p. 11864 - 11867
(2019/10/11)
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- Direct Substitution of Secondary and Tertiary Alcohols to Generate Sulfones under Catalyst- and Additive-Free Conditions
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An environmentally benign protocol that affords propargylic sulfones containing highly congested carbon centers from easily accessible alcohols and sulfinic acids with water as the only byproduct is reported. The reaction proceeded via an in situ dehydrative cross-coupling process by taking advantage of the synergetic actions of multiple hydrogen bonds rather than relying on an external catalyst and/or additives to achieve high product distribution.
- Liu, Yanan,Xie, Peizhong,Sun, Zuolian,Wo, Xiangyang,Gao, Cuiqing,Fu, Weishan,Loh, Teck-Peng
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supporting information
p. 5353 - 5356
(2018/09/13)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2-sulfonylindoles as potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents for treatment of acute lung injury
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Acute lung injury (ALI) is primarily driven by inflammation that severely impacts lung function. Novel 2-sulfonylindoles were recently shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. Here, we synthesized 31 compounds which contained 2-sulfonylindole structure. The compounds 8a, 9g, 9h and 9k exhibited dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Structural-activity relationship analysis revealed that the introduction of sulfonyl group in indole nucleus may be successful to obtain new anti-inflammatory structures and leads. The compounds 9h and 9k also decreased liposaccharide (LPS)-induced IL-6, IL-1β and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) mRNA expression, both in vitro and in an in vivo model of ALI. Furthermore, the compounds 9h and 9k at a high dose (20 mg/kg) significantly protected against LPS-induced ALI in mice. These results show that compounds 9h and 9k could be a promising lead structure for the treatment of ALI.
- Xia, Qinqin,Bao, Xiaodong,Sun, Chuchu,Wu, Di,Rong, Xiaona,Liu, Zhiguo,Gu, Yugui,Zhou, Jianmin,Liang, Guang
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p. 120 - 132
(2018/10/21)
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- Fe-based metal-organic frameworks for the synthesis of N-arylsulfonamides via the reactions of sodium arylsulfinates or arylsulfonyl chlorides with nitroarenes in water
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A newly developed chemoselective reaction of sodium arylsulfinates or arylsulfonyl chlorides with nitroarenes has been disclosed. The chemistry, in which non-toxic water and recyclable iron-based metal-organic frameworks are employed as the solvent and catalyst, respectively, provides an efficient approach for the generation of N-arylsulfonamides, which are widely present in biologically active compounds and drugs, rendering this methodology attractive to both synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
- Li, Xinxin,Chen, Fei,Lu, Guo-Ping
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supporting information
p. 4226 - 4230
(2018/10/26)
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- A radical cyclization cascade of 2-alkynylbenzonitriles with sodium arylsulfinates
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A convenient radical cyclization cascade procedure for the construction of sulfonated indenones from 2-alkynylbenzonitriles and sodium arylsulfinates has been explored under mild reaction conditions. The present methodology offers a low-cost and operationally straightforward approach to synthesizing various sulfonated indenones in moderate to good yields by simple use of cheap sodium persulfate as an oxidant and environmentally benign water as a co-solvent.
- Zhou, Bang,Chen, Wenqi,Yang, Yuzhong,Yang, Yuan,Deng, Guobo,Liang, Yun
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supporting information
p. 7959 - 7963
(2018/11/21)
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- Copper-mediated oxysulfonylation of alkenyl oximes with sodium sulfinates: a facile synthesis of isoxazolines featuring a sulfone substituent
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A novel and efficient Cu(OAc)2-mediated oxysulfonylation of alkenyl oximes with sodium sulfonates was developed. The reactions are easy to conduct, occur under mild conditions, and form a broad range of sulfone-substituted isoxazolines in good yields.
- Wang, Li-Jing,Chen, Manman,Qi, Lin,Xu, Zhidong,Li, Wei
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supporting information
p. 2056 - 2059
(2017/02/15)
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- Iodine/TBHP-Promoted One-Pot Deoxygenation and Direct 2-Sulfonylation of Quinoline N-Oxides with Sodium Sulfinates: Facile and Regioselective Synthesis of 2-Sulfonylquinolines
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A highly efficient iodine/TBHP-mediated one-pot deoxygenative and regioselective 2-sulfonylation of quinoline N-oxides with sodium sulfinate salts has been developed. This metal-, base-, and phosphorus-free protocol employs readily accessible and easy-to-handle reagents and can be conveniently carried out at room temperature under mild conditions, providing an alternative access to a series of 2-sulfonylquinolines and other related heteroaryl sulfone products in moderate-to-excellent yields within a short reaction time.
- Sumunnee, Ladawan,Buathongjan, Chonchanok,Pimpasri, Chaleena,Yotphan, Sirilata
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supporting information
p. 1025 - 1032
(2017/02/15)
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- Preparation method of aromatic sulfinic acid compound
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The invention relates to a preparation method of an aromatic sulfinic acid compound. The preparation method includes the steps of: with Lewis acid as a catalyst, performing a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction to an aromatic compound as a raw material with 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABSO) in a solvent to generate a corresponding aromatic sulfinic acid compound. Compared with industrial preparation methods for the aromatic sulfinic acid compound in the prior art, the method can synthesize the aromatic sulfinic acid compound in one step, so that experiment operations are simplified and a high-polluting chlorosulfonation step is avoided. The method has mild reaction conditions, wherein the reaction can be carried out under a common normal temperature condition, so that a large amount of energy consumption in production is reduced. The DABSO, compared with gas-phase SO2, is convenient to store and transport, has stable properties at normal temperature and under normal pressure and has safe and simple operations. The raw materials are low in cost and easy to obtain, thus reducing production cost. The method has huge potential in practical use.
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Paragraph 0037; 0038; 0039; 0040; 0041
(2017/09/26)
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- Method for preparing aryl sulfinate
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The invention provides a method for preparing an aryl sulfinate compound through the reaction of diaryl iodonium salt and sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate.At room temperature, the diaryl iodonium salt reacts with the sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate for 10-120 minutes to generate the corresponding aryl sulfinate compound.The method has the advantages that the reaction conditions are mild, the used reagents re easy to obtain, the application range of a substrate is wide, operation is simple, reaction is quick, and the like.
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Paragraph 0016
(2016/10/08)
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- Synthesis of Substituted Pyrroles via Copper-Catalyzed Cyclization of Ethyl Allenoates with Activated Isocyanides
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A new method for the synthesis of di- and trisubstituted pyrroles via copper-catalyzed cyclization of ethyl allenoates with activated isocyanides has been developed. In contrast to related annulation reactions previously reported, this new process features a skeletal rearrangement in which the aryl sulfonyl moiety, which functions as the electron-withdrawing group in the α-carbon of the isocyanide, was found to migrate to the γ-carbon of the starting allenoate in the final product for the first time.
- Lu, Kui,Ding, Fang,Qin, Long,Jia, Xiaoliang,Xu, Chuanming,Zhao, Xia,Yao, Qingwei,Yu, Peng
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supporting information
p. 2121 - 2125
(2016/08/12)
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- Sulfination of alcohols with sodium sulfinates promoted by BF3·OEt2: An unexpected access
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A BF3·OEt2-promoted direct substitution of various alcohols with sodium sulfinates affording sulfinates under mild conditions has been developed. Further reaction of the hydroxysteroids achieves the highly complex sulfinates in good yields, which are two potential pharmacophores routinely encountered in drug discovery.
- Huang, Mingming,Hu, Liangzhen,Shen, Hang,Liu, Qing,Hussain, Muhammad Ijaz,Pan, Jing,Xiong, Yan
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supporting information
p. 1874 - 1879
(2016/04/19)
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- Copper-Mediated 1,2-Difunctionalization of Styrenes with Sodium Arylsulfinates and tert-Butyl Nitrite: Facile Access to α-Sulfonylethanone Oximes
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A new copper-mediated synthesis of α-sulfonylethanone oximes from styrenes, sodium arylsulfinates and tert-butyl nitrite (t-BuONO; TBN) is presented. This intermolecular three-component method enables the one-step formation of C N and C S bonds under mild conditions, and represents a new, straightforward approach to α-sulfonylethanone oximes. (Figure presented.) .
- Yang, Ji,Liu, Yan-Yun,Song, Ren-Jie,Peng, Zhi-Hong,Li, Jin-Heng
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supporting information
p. 2286 - 2292
(2016/07/28)
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- Cu-Catalyzed Deoxygenative C2-Sulfonylation Reaction of Quinoline N-Oxides with Sodium Sulfinate
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An unexpected Cu-catalyzed deoxygenative C2-sulfonylation reaction of quinoline N-oxides in the presence of radical initiator K2S2O8 was developed that used sodium sulfinate as a sulfonyl coupling partner. The mechanism studies indicate that the reaction proceeds via Minisci-like radical coupling step to give sulfonylated quinoline with good chemical yields.
- Du, Bingnan,Qian, Ping,Wang, Yang,Mei, Haibo,Han, Jianlin,Pan, Yi
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supporting information
p. 4144 - 4147
(2016/08/30)
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- Iron-catalyzed synthesis of arylsulfinates through radical coupling reaction
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A novel strategy for installation of a sulfonyl fragment into arenes has been accomplished via an iron-catalyzed radical coupling reaction. Arene radicals derived from diaryliodoniums via single electron transfer reaction combine with sulfoxylate anion radicals readily generated from commercially available rongalite (HOCH2SO2Na·2H2O) to afford arylsulfinates efficiently at room temperature. In this protocol, a broad range of functional groups are tolerated to give products in good yields.
- Zhang, Weixi,Luo, Meiming
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supporting information
p. 2980 - 2983
(2016/02/19)
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- New synthetic sulfone derivatives inhibit growth, adhesion and the leucine arylamidase APE2 gene expression of Candida albicans in vitro
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The successful preventing and effective treatment of invasive Candida albicans infections required research focused on synthesis of new classes of agents and antifungal activity studies. Bromodichloromethyl-4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl sulfone (named compound 6); dichloromethyl-4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl sulfone (named 7); and chlorodibromomethyl-4-hydrazino-3-nitrophenyl sulfone (named 11) on inhibition of planktonic cells' growth, leucine arylamidase APE2 gene expression, and adhesion to epithelial cells were investigated. In vitro anti-Candida activities were determined against wild-types, and the morphogenesis mutants: Δefg1 and Δcph1. MICs of compounds 6, 7 and 11 (concentrated at 0.25-16 μg/ml) were determined using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Broth Microdilution Method (M27-A3 Document). APE2 expression was analyzed using RT-PCR; relative quantification was normalized against ACT1 in cells growth in YEPD and on Caco-2 cell line. Adherence assay of C. albicans to Caco-2 was performed in 24-well-plate. The structure activity relationship suggested that sulfone containing hydrazine function at C-1 (compound 11) showed higher antifungal activity (cell inhibition% = 100 at 1-16 μg/ml) than the remaining sulfones with chlorine at C-1. Δcph1/Δefg1 was highly sensitive to compound 11, while the sensitivity was reduced in Δcph1/Δefg1::EFG1 (% = 100 at 16-fold higher concentration). Compound 11 significantly affected adherence to epithelium (P ≤0.05) and hyphae formation. The APE2 up-regulation plays role in sulfones' resistance on MAP kinase pathway. Either CPH1 or EFG1 play a role in the resistance mechanism in sulfones. The strain-dependent phenomenon is a factor in the sulfone resistance mechanism. Sulfones' mode of action was attributed to reduced virulence arsenal in terms of adhesiveness and pathogenic potential related to the APE2 expression and morphogenesis.
- Staniszewska, Monika,Bondaryk, Ma?gorzata,Ochal, Zbigniew
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p. 314 - 321
(2015/03/04)
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- Expedient synthesis of biologically important sulfonylmethyl pyrimidines
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Two novel synthetic strategies that allow rapid diversification of the sulfone moiety in sulfonylmethyl pyrimidines, a class of compounds with a wide range of biological activity, which are of interest in a wide variety of drug discovery programmes, are described.
- Blades, Kevin,Demeritt, Julie,Fillery, Shaun,Foote, Kevin M.,Greenwood, Ryan,Gregson, Clare,Hassall, Lorraine A.,McGuire, Thomas M.,Pike, Kurt G.,Williams, Emma
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supporting information
p. 3851 - 3855
(2014/07/08)
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- Synthesis of oxindoles through silver-catalyzed trifluoromethylation-, difluoromethylation- and arylsulfonylation-cyclization reaction of N-arylacrylamides
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Efficient synthesis of trifluoromethyl and difluoromethyl-substituted oxindoles was achieved by reacting Langlois reagent or Baran reagent with N-arylacrylamides. However, the reaction of aryl sulfinic acid sodium salts with N-arylacrylamides did not give the desulfinative products, instead, aryl sulfonated products were produced. Copyright
- Liu, Jidan,Zhuang, Shaobo,Gui, Qingwen,Chen, Xiang,Yang, Zhiyong,Tan, Ze
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supporting information
p. 3196 - 3202
(2014/06/09)
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- Palladium(II)-catalyzed desulfitative synthesis of aryl ketones from sodium arylsulfinates and nitriles: Scope, limitations, and mechanistic studies
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A fast and efficient protocol for the palladium(II)-catalyzed production of aryl ketones from sodium arylsulfinates and various organic nitriles under controlled microwave irradiation has been developed. The wide scope of the reaction has been demonstrated by combining 14 sodium arylsulfinates and 21 nitriles to give 55 examples of aryl ketones. One additional example illustrated that, through the choice of the nitrile reactant, benzofurans are also accessible. The reaction mechanism was investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and DFT calculations. The desulfitative synthesis of aryl ketones from nitriles was also compared to the corresponding transformation starting from benzoic acids. Comparison of the energy profiles indicates that the free energy requirement for decarboxylation of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid and especially benzoic acid is higher than the corresponding desulfitative process for generating the key aryl palladium intermediate. The palladium(II) intermediates detected by ESI-MS and the DFT calculations provide a detailed understanding of the catalytic cycle. (Figure Presented).
- Skillinghaug, Bobo,Sk?ld, Christian,Rydfjord, Jonas,Svensson, Fredrik,Behrends, Malte,S?vmarker, Jonas,Sj?berg, Per J. R.,Larhed, Mats
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p. 12018 - 12032
(2015/01/16)
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- First palladium-catalyzed denitrated coupling of nitroarenes with sulfinates
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The first example of palladium-catalyzed protocol for the denitrated coupling of nitroarenes with sulfinates was developed, achieving aryl and heterocyclic sulfones in moderate to excellent yields. The cyclopalladated ferrocenylimine (I) exhibited highly catalytic activity for this transformation with low catalyst loading (0.75 mol %). The efficiency of this reaction was demonstrated by compatibility with a wide range of groups. Thus, the method represents a simple and facile procedure to access aryl and heterocyclic sulfones.
- Tian, Heng,Cao, Aijuan,Qiao, Lijun,Yu, Ajuan,Chang, Junbiao,Wu, Yangjie
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supporting information
p. 9107 - 9112
(2015/03/05)
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- BENZOFURO[3,2-c] PYRIDINES AND RELATED ANALOGS AS SEROTONIN SUB-TYPE 6 (5-HT6) MODULATORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY, METABOLIC SYNDROME, COGNITION AND SCHIZOPHRENIA
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The present invention relates to benzofuro[3,2-c]pyridine and azepine analogs as serotonin sub-type 6 (5-HT6) modulators, pharmaceutical compositions including these compounds, methods of preparation, and use thereof. These compounds are useful in the treatment of central nervous system disorders including obesity, metabolic syndrome, cognition, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, rare and orphan diseases, and sleep disorders. The subject compounds have the structure of formula (I) with the substituents being described herein.
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Page/Page column 34
(2012/07/28)
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- EPIMINOCYCLOALKYL(B)INDOLE DERIVATIVES AS SEROTONIN SUB-TYPE 6 (5-HT6) MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention relates to epiminocycloalkyl[b]indole derivatives as serotonin sub-type 6 (5-HT6) modulators, pharmaceutical compositions including these compounds, and methods of preparation and use thereof. These compounds are useful in the treatment of central nervous system disorders including obesity, metabolic syndrome, cognition, and schizophrenia. The subject compounds have the structure of formula (I), with the substituents being described herein.
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Page/Page column 41
(2011/04/26)
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- Reactivity of sodium arenesulfinates in the substitution reaction to γ-functionalized allyl bromides
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The kinetics of nucleophilic bimolecular substitution reactions of γ-functionalized allyl bromides with non-substituted and p-substituted sodium arenesulfinates has been studied. Both the structure of allyl bromides and nucleophilicity of arenesulfinate ions exerted a significant effect on the values of the kinetic parameters such as the second-order rate constants k, activation energy EA, and changes in the entropy ΔS≠, enthalpy ΔH≠, and free energy ΔG≠ of the formation of the activated complex from reactants. Based on the evaluation of kinetic parameters, the reactants could be arranged, according to their decreasing reactivity in the SN2-reactions as follows: p-toluenesulfinate ion > benzenesulfinate ion> p-chlorobenzenesulfinate ion and 4-bromo-2- butenenitrile> 1,3-dibromopropene, respectively. Comparison was also made between the kinetic data obtained and some delocalization reactivity indexes for both the substrates and nucleophiles. The enthalpy-entropy compensation effect was observed for the reactions of sodium arenesulfinates with γ-functionalized allyl bromides. Copyright
- Khamis, Galina,Stoeva, Stoyanka,Aleksiev, Dimitar
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 461 - 467
(2011/08/06)
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- Rapid synthesis of sulfone derivatives as potential anti-infectious agents
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An original one-pot microwave reaction was developed for the synthesis of sulfone derivatives as new potent antimicrobial agents. This eco-friendly methodology conducted in 30 min led to desired products with good yields. The sulfones (4a and 4b) were obtained via the reaction of 3a with the corresponding halo-derivatives in the presence of sodium hydride. All compounds were tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against four bacterial strains (two gram positive, and two gram negative ones) and two yeasts. The disk diffusion method has shown an interesting antibacterial activity for seven compounds (3b-g and 4b) against Staphylococcus aureus. Among these seven compounds, five derivatives (3b-e and 3g) showed activity against Candida tropicalis.
- Curti,Laget,Carle, A. Ortiz,Gellis,Vanelle
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p. 880 - 884
(2008/02/12)
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- PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF AROMATIC DISULFIDE
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Provides is a process for preparing aromatic disulfide using aromatic sulfonyl chloride as a starting material and via aromatic sulfonate as an intermediate. The process of the present invention secures industrially advantageous reaction conditions via use of an iodine derivative as a catalyst, is economically advantageous due to use of inexpensive starting materials and reducing agents as compared to known methods and recovery of the catalyst, and can maximize the purity of the products via re-oxidation of thiophenol which is present as impurities in aromatic disulfide that is a final product of reduction reaction. The present invention can be widely applied to various fields of fine chemistry.
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Page/Page column 14-15
(2008/06/13)
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- Radical-Nucleophilic (SRN1) Reactions. Part 4. Preparation, Reactions, and Electron Spin Resonance Studies of α-Nitro Azides
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2-Azido-2-nitropropane and 1-azido-1-nitrocyclohexane have been prepared by syntheses involving intermediate radical-anions (SRN1 and oxidative addition).SRN1 Reactions between α-nitroazides and azide, benzenesulphinate, and p-chlorobenzenethiolate proceed with loss of nitrite.The SRN1 reaction between 1-azido-1-nitrocyclohexane and the anion of 2-nitropropane proceeds with loss of azide.Reactions between 2-azido-2-nitropropane and the anions of 2-nitropropane and diethyl ethylmalonate yield oxidative dimerisation.E.s.r. spectroscopy has been used to observe electron-capture by 2-azido-2-nitropropane and its dissociation to nitrite and an ill-defined radical which may be (Me2CN3)..The addition of benzenesulphinate and the anion of 2-nitropropane to Me2C.NO2, formed by a minor dissociation route from 2C(N3)NO2>-., has been observed by e.s.r. spectroscopy.
- Al-Khalil, Suleiman I.,Bowman, W. Russell,Symons, Martyn C. R.
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p. 555 - 566
(2007/10/02)
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- Micellar Effects on the Reaction of (Arylsulfonyl)alkyl Arenesulfonates with Hydroxide Ion. Microenvironmental and Substituent Effects in the Stern Layer of Cationic Micelles
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The reaction of the sulfonates p-XC6H4SO2CH(R)OSO2C6H4Y-p 1a-g with hydroxide ion (involving nucleophilic attack at sulfonate sulfur) is accelerated (7-25 times) in the presence of CTAB micelles (32.1 deg C).The kinetic data are analyzed in detail by using the pseudophase ion-exchange (PPIE) model, taking into account partitioning of the reactants between the micellar and aqueous pseudophases and competition between hydroxide ions and detergent counterions for binding to the micelles.Binding constants obtained from the kinetic analysis are compared with those from ultrafiltration experiments.Generally, the PPIE model reproduces the experimental rate constants quite well, except at low detergent concentration (around the cmc).The second-order rate constants for reaction in the micellar pseudophase are 4-12 times smaller than those for reaction in bulk water.Therefore the observed catalysis is purely the result of the high local concentration of both reactants in the micellar pseudophase.The substituent effects for the reaction in the micelles reveal an increased susceptibility for variation of Y.No evidence for orientational effects was found.It is shown that the binding of the sulfonates with the micelles is mainly determined by the presence of the aryl groups.Based on a comparison with kinetic solvent effects on the reaction in 1,4-dioxane-water, it is suggested that the rates in the micellar pseudophase reflect a decrease in micropolarity at the binding sites of the substrate molecules.
- van de Langkruis, Gerard B.,Engberts, Jan B. F. N.
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p. 4152 - 4157
(2007/10/02)
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- INVESTIGATION IN THE REGION OF THIOSULFONIC ACIDS. XXXII. REACTION OF ARYL ESTERS OF THIOSULFONIC ACIDS WITH SUBSTANCES CONTAINING AN ACTIVE METHYLENE GROUP
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The reactions of the aryl esters of thisulfonic acids with diethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl cyanoacetate, and acetylacetone in the presence of sodium alcoholates were investigated at various temperatures.Without heat the reaction takes place with the formation of sulfinates and arenesufenic esters, which form their thio derivatives when heated with substances containing an active methylene group in the presence of sodium alcoholates.It was thus demonstrated that under the investigated conditions thioarylating characteristics are exhibited not by the aryl esters of the thiosulfonic acids but by the esters of arenesufenic acids formed as the initial products of these reactions.
- Boldyrev, B. G.,Aristarkhova, L. N.,Stoyanovskaya, Ya. I.,Bilozor, T. K.
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p. 1160 - 1167
(2007/10/02)
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