A METHOD OF PRODUCING 5-HYDROXYPYRIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID FROM ALGINATE
The present application provides methods for converting alginate into 5-hydroxypyridine- 2-carboxylic acid (5-HPA) using an alginate lyase and a recombinant oligoalginate lyase. The alginate lyase breaks down alginate into oligoalginate. The oligoalginate lyase breaks down the oligoalginate into monomers such as 4-deoxy-L-erythro-hexoseulose uronate (DEHU), which serves as a precursor for conversion into 5-HPA. The addition of ammonia or an ammonium ion further drives the conversion of DEHU into 5-HPA.
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Page/Page column 22-23
(2012/11/06)
A facile route to aryl amines: Nucleophilic substitution of aryl triflates
The aromatic nucleophilic substitution (S(N)Ar) between aryl triflates and secondary amines has been studied. In the absence of solvent, the reaction proceeds at room temperature for nitro and cyano activated aryl triflates and requires higher temperatures in the case of carboxy activation. Variable triflate reactivity could be explained in terms of frontier molecular orbital theory. This methodology has been applied for the synthesis of substituted piperidyl pyridines.
Schio, Laurent,Lemoine, Guy,Klich, Michel
p. 1559 - 1562
(2007/10/03)
The preparation of Some 4- and 5-Substituted Pyridine-2-carboxylic Acids as Fusaric Acid Analogues.
In view of future studies on the structure-activity relationships involved in the inhibition of dopamine β-hydroxylase, the authors synthetized 5-substituted picolinic acids and 4-substituted fusaric acids selected by means of a random sampling procedure suited for small series.On this occasion, they succeeded in improving markedly the well-known synthesis of 5-nitropicolinic acid via a Rosenmund-v.Braun reaction with 2-bromo-5-nitropyridine. 5-Hydroxypicolinic acid which is easily accessible in the same way could be converted into 5-alkyloxypicolinic acids by reaction with alkyl halides in DMSO in the presence of silver oxide. 4-Substituted fusaric acids became accessible via 5-n-butyl-2-methyl-4-nitropyridine-N-oxide.
Oehlke, J.,Schroetter, E.,Dove, S.,Schick, H.,Niedrich, H.
p. 591 - 596
(2007/10/02)
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