- Preparation method of malate with low chroma and low acid value
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The invention discloses a preparation method of malate with low chroma and a low acid value. The preparation method comprises a step (1) of preparing n-butyl malate and a step (2) of preparing long-chain fatty alcohol malate. The method has the advantages that yield is high and reaches 95% or above; a catalyst is cheap and easy to obtain, and the dosage of the catalyst is small and accounts for about 0.5%-2% of the total weight of reaction raw materials; reaction conditions are mild, a reaction temperature does not exceed 140 DEG C, and reaction time is short; the obtained malic acid long-chain fatty alcohol ester is low in chromaticity and acid value and meets commercial standards; and the intermediate n-butyl malate can be used as a commercially available product. The method for preparing the long-chain fatty alcohol malate by adopting an ester exchange method has not been reported in related literatures and has creativity.
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Paragraph 0016
(2021/08/06)
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- Retention Characteristics and Sorption Enthalpies of Esters of Natural Hydroxycarboxylic Acids on DB-1 Stationary Phase
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Abstract: Sorption characteristics and retention of esters of glycolic, lactic, malic, and tartaric acids with C1?C8 alcohols of linear structure are studied by gas-liquid chromatography in the temperature range of 90?260°C on DB-1 nonpolar phase. The values of the retention indices of the compounds studied are obtained. On the basis of experimentally determined retention times, the thermodynamic characteristics of sorption under the conditions of limiting dilution are estimated. The dependences of the change in sorption enthalpies on the length of the linear alkyl substituent and on the value of the logarithmic retention index are found. The possibility of estimating the energy of intermolecular interactions of lactic acid esters in the liquid phase is shown on the basis of the obtained values of sorption enthalpies and vaporization enthalpies.
- Portnova,Yamshchikova, Yu. F.,Krasnykh
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p. 577 - 583
(2019/06/03)
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- Reductive coupling of aldehydes by H2S in aqueous solutions, a C-C bond forming reaction of prebiotic interest
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We report here a novel reductive coupling reaction of conjugated, non- or poorly enolizable aldehydes induced by H2S and operative in aqueous solutions under prebiotically relevant conditions. This reaction leads from retinal to β-carotene, and from benzylic aldehydes to the corresponding diarylethylenes. This novel reaction also opens a new potentially prebiotic pathway leading from glyoxylic acid to various compounds that are involved in the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle. This C-C bond forming reaction of prebiotic interest might have been operative, notably, in the sulfide-rich environments of hydrothermal vents, which have been postulated as possible sites for the first steps of organic chemical evolution.
- Kajjout, Mohammed,Hebting, Yanek,Albrecht, Pierre,Adam, Pierre
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experimental part
p. 714 - 726
(2012/07/14)
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- Lubricant compositions containing hydroxy carboxylic acid and hydroxy polycarboxylic acid esters
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Disclosed herein is a composition comprising: (A) a lubricant or a hydrocarbon fuel;(B) at least one hydroxy carboxylic acid ester or hydroxy polycarboxylic acid ester having the generic formula defined herein; and(C) at least one phosphorus-containing additive.
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