- Reactions of pentafluoropyridine with amidoximes
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Abstract: In this paper, site reactivity of amidoximes with pentafluoropyridine under basic conditions in dry CH3CN was investigated. The aromatic nucleophilic substitution of pentafluoropyridine with amidoximes occurs in the 4-position of the
- Ranjbar-Karimi, Reza,Karbakhsh-Ravari, Asma,Poorfreidoni, Alireza
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Read Online
- New peptide deformylase inhibitors design, synthesis and pharmacokinetic assessment
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The docking approach for the screening of designed small molecule ligands, led to the identification of a critical arginine residue in peptide deformylase for spiro cyclopropyl PDF inhibitor's extra hydrophobic binding, providing us a useful tool for searching more efficient PDF inhibitors to fight for horrifying antibiotics resistance. Further synthetic modification was undertaken to optimize the potency of amide compounds. To lower metabolic susceptibility and in turn reduce unwanted metabolic toxicity that was observed clinically, while retaining desired antibacterial activity, the use of azoles as amide bioisosteres had also been investigated. After the completion of chemical synthesis, all the compounds were evaluated through in vitro antibacterial activity assay, some of which were further subject to in vivo rat pharmacokinetic assessment. Those findings in this letter showed that spiro cyclopropyl proline N-formyl hydroxylamines, and especially the bioisosteric azoles, can represent a promising class of PDF inhibitors.
- Lv, Fengping,Chen, Chen,Tang, Yang,Wei, Jianhai,Zhu, Tong,Hu, Wenhao
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- Discovery, bioactivity and docking simulation of Vorinostat analogues containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors and antitumor agents
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Abstract In our study, three series of hydroxamate, 2-aminobenzamide, and trifluoromethyl ketone analogues have been designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were investigated for their in vitro antiproliferative activities using the MTT-based assay against three human cancer cell lines including A549, NCI-H661, and U937. Most analogues exhibited higher antiproliferative activities against human acute myeloid leukemia cell U937 than the other two human lung cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the compounds were examined against HDAC1, 2, and 8 isoforms. Docking study of compounds 6h, 9b, and 10a suggested that they might bind tightly to the binding pocket of HDAC2 and/or HDAC8. The results suggest that these compounds might have potential as lead compounds for the development of anti-tumor drugs with HDACs inhibitory activities.
- Cai, Jin,Wei, Hongtao,Hong, Kwon Ho,Wu, Xiaoqing,Zong, Xi,Cao, Meng,Wang, Peng,Li, Lushen,Sun, Chunlong,Chen, Bo,Zhou, Gaoxing,Chen, Junqing,Ji, Min
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- Novel benzimidazole-oxadiazole hybrid molecules as promising antimicrobial agents
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In the present study, we describe the design and expeditious synthesis of novel 2-aryl-5-(3-aryl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-1-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole hybrid molecules as promising antimicrobial agents. The core moiety 2-aryl-ethyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-5-
- Shruthi,Poojary, Boja,Kumar, Vasantha,Hussain, Mumtaz Mohammed,Rai, Vaishali M.,Pai, Vinitha R.,Bhat, Mahima,Revannasiddappa
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- SUBSTITUTED 1,2,4-OXADIAZOLES AS SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS OF UBIQUITIN-SPECIFIC PROTEASE 28
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The present disclosure relates to a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The disclosure also relates to a method of treating a disease or disorder associated with ubiquitin-specific protease 28 (USP28) a method of treating cancer, and a method of inhibiting USP28, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of formula (I).
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Paragraph 00195
(2022/02/28)
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- Novel O-acylated amidoximes and substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles synthesised from (+)-ketopinic acid possessing potent virus-inhibiting activity against phylogenetically distinct influenza A viruses
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This article describes the synthesis and antiviral activity evaluation of new substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles containing a bicyclic substituent at position 5 of the heterocycle and O-acylated amidoximes as precursors for their synthesis. New compounds were
- Borisevich, Sophia S.,Chernyshov, Vladimir V.,Esaulkova, Iana L.,Popadyuk, Irina I.,Salakhutdinov, Nariman F.,Sinegubova, Ekaterina,Yarovaya, Olga I.,Zarubaev, Vladimir V.
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- Entry into (E)-3-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)acrylic acids via a one-pot ring-opening/ring-closing/retro-Diels-Alder reaction sequence
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A simple and convenient one-pot method is reported for the synthesis of (E)-3-(3-aryl(heteroaryl, alkyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-yl)acrylic acids utilizing readily accessible or commercially available substituted benzamidoximes and inexpensive exo-3,6-epoxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride. The method is based on the reaction of amidoximes with the anhydride in a basic medium at RT followed by an acid-catalyzed retro-Diels-Alder reaction. The observed stereoselective heterocyclization/retro-Diels-Alder cascade process is suitable for the synthesis of a wide range of substituted (E)-1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-ylacrylic acids featuring electron donating and electron withdrawing groups on the aryl moiety, as well as heteroaryl or alkyl substituents at position 3 of the 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring (42–79%; 15 examples).
- Presnukhina, Sofia,Tarasenko, Marina,Baykov, Sergey,Smirnov, Sergey N.,Boyarskiy, Vadim P.,Shetnev, Anton,Korsakov, Mikhail K.
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supporting information
(2019/12/27)
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- Synthesis and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole-Containing Biphenylcarboxylic Acids
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Abstract: A one-pot method for the synthesis of biphenylcarboxylic acids containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring in the NaOH–DMSO system was developed. The results of in vitro experiments showed that the synthesized compounds exhibit antibacterial activity against susceptible strains of E. coli and S. aureus.
- Baikov, S. V.,Presnukhina, S. I.,Shetnev, A. A.,Tarasenko, M. V.
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p. 1611 - 1619
(2020/10/15)
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- 5,6-Dihydroxypyrimidine Scaffold to Target HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein
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The HIV-1 nucleocapsid (NC) protein is a small basic DNA and RNA binding protein that is absolutely necessary for viral replication and thus represents a target of great interest to develop new anti-HIV agents. Moreover, the highly conserved sequence offers the opportunity to escape the drug resistance (DR) that emerged following the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) treatment. On the basis of our previous research, nordihydroguaiaretic acid 1 acts as a NC inhibitor showing moderate antiviral activity and suboptimal drug-like properties due to the presence of the catechol moieties. A bioisosteric catechol replacement approach led us to identify the 5-dihydroxypyrimidine-6-carboxamide substructure as a privileged scaffold of a new class of HIV-1 NC inhibitors. Hit validation efforts led to the identification of optimized analogs, as represented by compound 28, showing improved NC inhibition and antiviral activity as well as good ADME and PK properties.
- Malancona, Savina,Mori, Mattia,Fezzardi, Paola,Santoriello, Marisabella,Basta, Andreina,Nibbio, Martina,Kovalenko, Lesia,Speziale, Roberto,Battista, Maria Rosaria,Cellucci, Antonella,Gennari, Nadia,Monteagudo, Edith,Di Marco, Annalise,Giannini, Alessia,Sharma, Rajhans,Pires, Manuel,Real, Eleonore,Zazzi, Maurizio,Dasso Lang, Maria Chiara,De Forni, Davide,Saladini, Francesco,Mely, Yves,Summa, Vincenzo,Harper, Steven,Botta, Maurizio
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supporting information
p. 766 - 772
(2020/07/14)
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- Pharmaceutical application of indole alkaloids and derivatives thereof
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The invention discloses pharmaceutical application of indole alkaloids and derivatives thereof, belonging to the field of medicinal chemistry, pharmacology and preparations. The invention specificallyrelates to application of vinpocetine derivatives in treatment or prevention of diseases, cerebral arteriosclerosis, hypertension, hemorrhagic stroke sequelae, hyperviscosity and cerebral ischemia caused by ischemic cerebrovascular lesions, and application of the vinpocetine derivatives in preparation of a cerebrovascular dilator, a composition for improving ischemic cerebrovascular lesions and peripheral blood supply and a composition for improving the utilization rate of cerebral blood oxygen.
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Paragraph 0077-0080
(2020/06/17)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of triaryl compounds as novel 20S proteasome inhibitors
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Thirty novel triaryl compounds were designed and synthesized based on the known proteasome inhibitor PI-1840. Most of them showed significant inhibition against the β5c subunit of human 20S proteasome, and five of them exhibited IC50 values at the sub-micromolar level, which were comparable to or even more potent than PI-1840. The most active two (1c and 1d) showed IC50 values of 0.12 and 0.18 μM against the β5c subunit, respectively, while they displayed no obvious inhibition against the β2c, β1c and β5i subunits. Molecular docking provided informative clues for the subunit selectivity. The potent and subunit selective proteasome inhibitors identified herein represent new chemical templates for further molecular optimization.
- Yang, Yajun,Wang, Ke,Wu, Bo,Yang, Ying,Lai, Fangfang,Chen, Xiaoguang,Xiao, Zhiyan
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- SPIRO THREE-MEMBERED RING, SPIRO FIVE-MEMBERED RING PEPTIDE DEFORMYLASE INHIBITOR AND USE THEREOF IN ANTIBACTERIA AND ANTI-TUMOUR.
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Disclosed are the anti-bacterial activity and the anti-tumor activity of a class of new spiro three-membered ring and spiro five-membered ring peptide deformylase inhibitor. The spiro three-membered ring and spiro five-membered ring peptide deformylase inhibitor of the present invention, as a class of new anti-bacterial agent, are effective against many antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive strains by inhibiting the activity of the peptide deformylase required in the synthesis of bacterial proteins, and do not affect the synthetic process of the main proteins of the human body, thus selectively killing bacteria. The spiro three-membered ring and spiro five-membered ring peptide deformylase inhibitor of the present invention, as a class of new anti-bacterial agent, can affect the energy balance of the cancer cells through inhibiting the peptide deformylase of the mitochondria in the cells, so that the mitochondrial membrane is depolarized, ATP is exhausted and cell apoptosis is promoted, and has good inhibitory activities on many cancer cell strains such as colorectal cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, gastric cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, prostatic cancer, liver cancer and osteosarcoma at relatively lower concentrations.
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Paragraph 0079
(2019/05/22)
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- 3-pyridyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole compound and application thereof
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The invention discloses provides a 3-pyridyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole compound. The structure is shown as a general formula I, wherein the structural formula is as shown in the description. In the formula, Ris selected from the formula as shown in the description. The compound of the general formula I has excellent anti-insect and acaricidal activity, and can be used for controlling agricultural or forestry common pests and pest mites.
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Paragraph 0023; 0024; 0025; 0026
(2019/02/27)
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- Convenient entry to N-pyridinylureas with pharmaceutically privileged oxadiazole substituents via the acid-catalyzed C[sbnd]H activation of N-oxides
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Pyridine-N-oxides bearing a pharmacophoric oxadiazole moiety could be C[sbnd]H functionalized via the acid-catalyzed reaction with dialkylcyanamides, providing access to hitherto undescribed pyridine-2-yl substituted ureas, which have potential as “lead-l
- Geyl, Kirill,Baykov, Sergey,Tarasenko, Marina,Zelenkov, Lev E.,Matveevskaya, Vladislava,Boyarskiy, Vadim P.
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supporting information
(2019/09/12)
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- A cascade process for directly converting nitriles (RCN) to cyanamides (RNHCN) via SO2F2-activated Tiemann rearrangement
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A simple, mild and practical process for the direct conversion of nitriles to cyanamides was newly discovered and exhibited a wide substrate scope as well as great functional group-tolerability (36 examples). In this efficient strategy, the in situ generated amidoximes obtained from the reaction of nitriles with hydroxylamine subsequently underwent Tiemann rearrangement, producing the corresponding cyanamides with great isolated yields under SO2F2. Additionally, the control experiments reportedly shed light on the tentative mechanism involved in the formation and elimination of the key intermediate: a sulfonyl ester.
- Zhang, Guofu,Zhao, Yiyong,Ding, Chengrong
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supporting information
p. 7684 - 7688
(2019/08/30)
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- Structure-activity and structure-property relationships of novel Nrf2 activators with a 1,2,4-oxadiazole core and their therapeutic effects on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury
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The antioxidant function induced by Nrf2 protects the liver from damage. We found a novel Nrf2 activator named compound 25 via structural modification of compound 1 we previously reported. In vitro, compound 25 induced Nrf2 transport into the nucleus and protected hepatocyte L02 cells from APAP-induced cytotoxicity via activating the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. In vivo, 25 exhibited therapeutic effects in a mouse model of acute liver injury induced by acetaminophen (APAP) by up-regulating Nrf2-dependent antioxidases and down-regulating liver injury markers in serum. Together, these results indicated that 25 is a potent Nrf2/ARE activator both in vitro and in vivo. The drug-like properties of compound 25 further revealed its potential for development as a therapeutic drug against acute liver injury.
- Xu, Li-Li,Wu, Yu-Feng,Wang, Lei,Li, Cui-Cui,Li, Li,Di, Bin,You, Qi-Dong,Jiang, Zheng-Yu
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p. 1376 - 1394
(2018/09/13)
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- Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 3,5-Diaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives
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This manuscript reports the synthesis of twenty 3,5-diaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives, nine of which are novel compounds. The amidoxime reaction with acyl chlorides obtained from substituted benzoic acids was used. All compounds were tested against five standard (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)) bacteria: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Screening assays were carried out using agar-diffusion technique, in which 100 μM heterocyclic compounds solutions (20percent dimethylsulfoxide/water) were employed. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the active compounds were determined by serial dilutions at decreasing concentrations in microtiter plates. The nitrated derivatives gave the best test results, where MIC = 60 μM (E. coli) was the lowest value found for an ortho-nitrated derivative. The activity of these compounds possibly involves a mechanism via free radicals. S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were resistant to all compounds.
- Cunha, Felipe S.,Nogueira, Joseli M. R.,De Aguiar, Alcino P.
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p. 2405 - 2416
(2018/10/20)
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- Novel 5-(quinuclidin-3-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazoles to investigate the activation of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtype: Synthesis and electrophysiological evaluation
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α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are relevant therapeutic targets for a variety of disorders including neurodegeneration, cognitive impairment, and inflammation. Although traditionally identified as an ionotropic receptor, the α7 subtype showed metabotropic-like functions, mainly linked to the modulation of immune responses. In the present work, we investigated the structure-activity relationships in a set of novel α7 ligands incorporating the 5-(quinuclidin-3-ylmethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole scaffold, i.e. derivatives 21a-34a and 21b-34b, aiming to identify the structural requirements able to preferentially trigger one of the two activation modes of this receptor subtype. The new compounds were characterized as partial and silent α7 nAChR agonists in electrophysiological assays, which allowed to assess the contribution of the different groups towards the final pharmacological profile. Overall, modifications of the selected structural backbone mainly afforded partial agonists, among them tertiary bases 27a-33a, whereas additional hydrogen-bond acceptor groups in permanently charged ligands, such as 29b and 31b, favored a silent desensitizing profile at the α7 nAChR.
- Quadri, Marta,Silnovi?, Almin,Matera, Carlo,Horenstein, Nicole A.,Stokes, Clare,De Amici, Marco,Papke, Roger L.,Dallanoce, Clelia
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p. 207 - 228
(2018/10/23)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed, Silver-Assisted Direct C-5–H Arylation of 3-Substituted 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles under Microwave Irradiation
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A direct C-5–H arylation of 3-substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles with aryl iodides in the presence of a palladium catalyst and silver acetate is reported. This method provides a rapid, reliable way to obtain versatile 3,5-diaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives, which are common moieties of many biologically active molecules. The synthetic applications of this novel method have been demonstrated in the concise syntheses of Ataluren and a potent RET inhibitor Yhhu251. (Figure presented.).
- Li, Shan,Wan, Penghui,Ai, Jing,Sheng, Rong,Hu, Yongzhou,Hu, Youhong
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supporting information
p. 772 - 778
(2017/03/11)
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- Room-temperature synthesis of pharmaceutically important carboxylic acids bearing the 1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety
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An efficient and mild one-pot protocol has been developed for the synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles via the reaction of amidoximes with dicarboxylic acid anhydrides in a NaOH/DMSO medium. The method allows the synthesis of diversely substituted carboxylic acids bearing the 1,2,4-oxadiazole motif, – a popular building block for pharmaceutical research, in moderate to excellent yields. The reaction scope includes aromatic and heteroaromatic amidoximes as well as five-, six- and seven-membered anhydrides. The advantages of this procedure are proven gram-scalability and the use of inexpensive starting materials, which from a process chemistry point of view are essential for future industrial applications.
- Tarasenko, Marina,Duderin, Nikolay,Sharonova, Tatyana,Baykov, Sergey,Shetnev, Anton,Smirnov, Alexey V.
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supporting information
p. 3672 - 3677
(2017/08/23)
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- Triazole alcohol antifungal compound with piperidine oxadiazole side chain and preparation method for compound and application of compound
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The invention relates to the medical technical field and provides 1-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(piperidine oxadiazole side chain substituted)-2-propanol compounds in one category. The compound comprises cis-trans-isomers thereof and any mixtures in the forms or pharmaceutical salts thereof. The chemical structural formula of the compound is represented by a formula (I). The invention further provides a preparation method for the compound and an application of the compound in preparing antifungal drugs. From an antifungal experiment, the compound provided by the invention has a very strong antifungal effect on various superficial fungi and deep fungi. Compared with existing clinically applied antifungal drugs such as fluconazole, the compound has the advantages of being efficient, low in toxicity and wide in antifungal spectrum, has relatively good activity on fluconazole drug-resistant bacteria and can be used for preparing antifungal drugs. The formula is shown in the description.
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Paragraph 0143; 0144
(2016/10/07)
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- Molecular properties prediction and synthesis of new oxadiazole derivatives possessing 3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl moiety as potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents
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A new series of 1,2,4- and 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives possessing 3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl moiety were efficiently synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. All the compounds were evaluated in vivo for their anti-infl
- Dinesha,Viveka, Shivapura,Khandige, Prasanna S.,Nagaraja, Gundibasappa K.
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p. 435 - 443
(2016/02/16)
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- Exploring the readthrough of nonsense mutations by non-acidic Ataluren analogues selected by ligand-based virtual screening
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Ataluren, also known as PTC124, is a 5-(fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazolyl-benzoic acid suggested to suppress nonsense mutations by readthrough of premature stop codons in the mRNA. Potential interaction of PTC124 with mRNA has been recently studied by molec
- Pibiri, Ivana,Lentini, Laura,Tutone, Marco,Melfi, Raffaella,Pace, Andrea,Di Leonardo, Aldo
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p. 429 - 435
(2016/07/15)
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- Discovery of highly potent triazole antifungal agents with piperidine-oxadiazole side chains
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Due to increasing incidence and mortality of invasive fungal infections, discovery and development of new generations of antifungal agents represents a challenging task. On the basis of our previously reported triazole-benzyloxypiperidinyl lead compound, a series of novel triazole antifungal agents containing piperidine-oxadiazole side chains were rationally designed and synthesized. Most of the target compounds showed excellent inhibitory activity against clinically important fungal pathogens. In particular, compounds 6g (MIC = 0.031 μg mL-1) and 11b (MIC = 0.016 μg mL-1) were highly active against Candida albicans including fluconazole-resistant strains. Moreover, they showed inhibitory activity against hyphal formation with low toxicity, which were promising leads for further development. This journal is
- He, Xiaomeng,Jiang, Yan,Zhang, Yongqiang,Wu, Shanchao,Dong, Guoqiang,Liu, Na,Liu, Yang,Yao, Jianzhong,Miao, Zhenyuan,Wang, Yan,Zhang, Wannian,Sheng, Chunquan
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p. 653 - 664
(2015/04/27)
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- Discovery and preliminary evaluation of 2-aminobenzamide and hydroxamate derivatives containing 1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors
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Using Entinostat as a lead compound, 2-aminobenzamide and hydroxamate derivatives have been designed and synthesized. The entire target compounds were investigated for their in vitro antiproliferative activities using the MTT-based assay against five human cancer cell lines including U937, A549, NCI-H661, MDA-MB-231 and HCT116. 2-Aminobenzamide series of compounds (10a-10j) demonstrated the most significant inhibition against human acute monocytic myeloid leukemia cell line U937, but no or poor activities against two human lung cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the target compounds were screened for their inhibitory activities against HDAC 1, 2, and 8. 2-Aminobenzamide derivatives (10) manifested a higher selectivity for HDAC 1 over HDAC 2, but were not active against HDAC 8. In contrast, most hydroxamate derivatives (11) inhibit HDAC 8 with lower IC50 values than SAHA and Entinostat. Docking study with selected compounds 10f and 11a revealed that the compounds might bind tightly to the binding pockets in HDAC 2 and HDAC 8, respectively. The results suggest that they may be promising lead compounds for the development of novel anti-tumor drug potentially via inhibiting HDACs.
- Cai, Jin,Wei, Hongtao,Hong, Kwon Ho,Wu, Xiaoqing,Cao, Meng,Zong, Xi,Li, Lushen,Sun, Chunlong,Chen, Junqing,Ji, Min
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- One-pot synthesis of amidoxime via Pd-catalyzed cyanation and amidoximation
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A novel "one-pot" reaction was developed for the synthesis of aryl or heteroaryl-substituted amidoxime compounds containing various functional groups. Fluorescence titration experiments coupled with theoretical analysis revealed that the steric hindrance and electronic effects of substituents influence the binding ability of the amidoxime compounds to uranyl ions. This journal is
- Yang, Chu-Ting,Han, Jun,Liu, Jun,Gu, Mei,Li, Yi,Wen, Jun,Yu, Hai-Zhu,Hu, Sheng,Wang, Xiaolin
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supporting information
p. 2541 - 2545
(2015/04/14)
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- Copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 1,2,4-triazoles from nitriles and hydroxylamine
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A simple and efficient copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of substituted 1,2,4-triazoles through reactions of two nitriles with hydroxylamine has been developed. The protocol uses simple and readily available nitriles and hydroxylamine hydrochloride as th
- Xu, Hao,Ma, Shuang,Xu, Yuanqing,Bian, Longxiang,Ding, Tao,Fang, Xiaomin,Zhang, Wenkai,Ren, Yanrong
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supporting information
p. 1789 - 1794
(2015/02/19)
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- Whole cell screen based identification of spiropiperidines with potent antitubercular properties
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Abstract Whole cell based screens to identify hits against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), carried out under replicating and non-replicating (NRP) conditions, resulted in the identification of multiple, novel but structurally related spiropiperidines with potent antitubercular properties. These compounds could be further classified into three classes namely 3-(3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-1′-alkylspiro[indene-1,4′-piperidine] (abbr. spiroindenes), 4-(3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-1′-alkylspiro[chromene-2,4′-piperidine] (abbr. spirochromenes) and 1′-benzylspiro[indole-1,4′-piperidin]-2(1H)-one (abbr. spiroindolones). Spiroindenes showed ≥4 log10 kill (at 2-12 μM) on replicating Mtb, but were moderately active under non replicating conditions. Whole genome sequencing efforts of spiroindene resistant mutants resulted in the identification of I292L mutation in MmpL3 (Mycobacterial membrane protein Large), required for the assembly of mycolic acid into the cell wall core of Mtb. MIC modulation studies demonstrated that the mutants were cross-resistant to spirochromenes but not to spiroindolones. This Letter describes lead identification efforts to improve potency while reducing the lipophilicity and hERG liabilities of spiroindenes. Additionally, as deduced from the SAR studies, we provide insights regarding the new chemical opportunities that the spiroindolones can offer to the TB drug discovery initiatives.
- Tantry, Subramanyam J.,Degiacomi, Giulia,Sharma, Sreevalli,Jena, Lalit Kumar,Narayan, Ashwini,Guptha, Supreeth,Shanbhag, Gajanan,Menasinakai, Sreenivasaiah,Mallya, Meenakshi,Awasthy, Disha,Balakrishnan, Gayathri,Kaur, Parvinder,Bhattacharjee, Deepa,Narayan, Chandan,Reddy, Jitendar,Naveen Kumar,Shandil, Radha,Boldrin, Francesca,Ventura, Marcello,Manganelli, Riccardo,Hartkoorn, Ruben C.,Cole, Stewart T.,Panda, Manoranjan,Markad, Shankar D.,Ramachandran, Vasanthi,Ghorpade, Sandeep R.,Dinesh, Neela
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p. 3234 - 3245
(2015/07/08)
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- NOVEL BETULINIC ACID PROLINE DERIVATIVES AS HIV INHIBITORS
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The invention relates to novel betulinic acid derivatives and related compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions useful for the therapeutic treatment of viral diseases and particularly HIV mediated diseases. These compounds are esterified in position 3 and are substituted in position 17 of the betulinic acid structure, via a linking group W, by a saturated 5-7 membered nitrogen-heterocycle.
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Paragraph 0114
(2014/07/21)
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- Oxadiazole-isopropylamides as potent and noncovalent proteasome inhibitors
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Screening of the 50 000 ChemBridge compound library led to the identification of the oxadiazole-isopropylamide 1 (PI-1833) which inhibited chymotrypsin-like (CT-L) activity (IC50 = 0.60 μM) with little effects on the other two major proteasome proteolytic activities, trypsin-like (T-L) and postglutamyl-peptide-hydrolysis-like (PGPH-L). LC-MS/MS and dialysis show that 1 is a noncovalent and rapidly reversible CT-L inhibitor. Focused library synthesis provided 11ad (PI-1840) with CT-L activity (IC50 = 27 nM). Detailed SAR studies indicate that the amide moiety and the two phenyl rings are sensitive toward modifications. Hydrophobic residues, such as propyl or butyl in the para position (not ortho or meta) of the A-ring and a m-pyridyl group as B-ring, significantly improve activity. Compound 11ad (IC50 = 0.37 μM) is more potent than 1 (IC50 = 3.5 μM) at inhibiting CT-L activity in intact MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cells and inhibiting their survival. The activity of 11ad warrants further preclinical investigation of this class as noncovalent proteasome inhibitors.
- Ozcan, Sevil,Kazi, Aslamuzzaman,Marsilio, Frank,Fang, Bin,Guida, Wayne C.,Koomen, John,Lawrence, Harshani R.,Sebti, Sa?d M.
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supporting information
p. 3783 - 3805
(2013/06/27)
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- Synthesis, insecticidal activity, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of anthranilic diamides analogs containing oxadiazole rings
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A series of anthranilic diamides analogs (3-11, 16-24) containing 1,2,4- or 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, MS and elemental analyses. The structure of 3-bromo-N-(2-(3-(4-bromophenyl)-1, 2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-
- Li, Yuhao,Zhu, Hongjun,Chen, Kai,Liu, Rui,Khallaf, Abdalla,Zhang, Xiangning,Ni, Jueping
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supporting information
p. 3979 - 3988
(2013/07/05)
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- Condensation of Vilsmeier salts, derived from tetraalkylureas, with amidoximes: a novel approach to access N,N-dialkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-amines
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A novel approach, consendation of vilsmeier salts and amidoximes, to access N,N-dialkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-amines has been developed. By this approach, a broad range of N,N-dialkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-amines, including aromatic, heteroaromatic and alphatic s
- Su, Dongshan,Duan, Haifeng,Wei, Zhonglin,Cao, Jungang,Liang, Dapeng,Lin, Yingjie
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supporting information
p. 6959 - 6963
(2019/04/10)
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- Rapid catalyst identification for the synthesis of the pyrimidinone core of HIV integrase inhibitors
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A microscale chemistry improvement engine: A pre-dosed microscale high-throughput experimentation additives platform enables rapid, serendipitous reaction improvement. This platform allowed one chemist to set up 475 experiments and analyze the results using MISER chromatography in a single day, thus resulting in two high-quality catalytic systems for the construction of the title compound 1. Support for a single-electron transfer mechanism was obtained. Copyright
- Bellomo, Ana,Celebi-Olcum, Nihan,Bu, Xiaodong,Rivera, Nelo,Ruck, Rebecca T.,Welch, Christopher J.,Houk, Kendall N.,Dreher, Spencer D.
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supporting information; body text
p. 6912 - 6915
(2012/10/08)
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- AMINOTHIAZOLE DERIVATIVE
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A compound represented by formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which has a PI3 kinase 3 inhibitory effect and is useful as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for articular rheumatism, Crohn''s disease, irritable colitis, Sjoegren''s syndrome, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, asthma, atopic dermatitis, arteriosclerosis, organ transplant rejection, cancer, retinopathy, psoriasis, arthrosis deformans, age-related macular degeneration, type II diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hyperlipemia, etc.
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Page/Page column 9
(2012/09/10)
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- Oxadiazolyl-pyridines and perfluoroalkyl-carboxylic acids as building blocks for protic ionic liquids: Crossing the thin line between ionic and hydrogen bonded materials
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A series of 18 samples has been prepared in order to obtain fluorinated materials as Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs). These were synthesized by appropriately mixing 1,2,4-oxadiazoles derivatised with two pyridines, or one pyridine and a fluorinated chain, and perfluoroalkyl-carboxylic acids, either mono- or dicarboxylic, leading to symmetric and non-symmetric materials. Many of them showed low melting points. However, the possibility of classifying the synthesized materials as PILs is discussed in terms of effective ionicity of the systems by the combination of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation and IR spectroscopy. The important outcome of our investigation is that the complete proton transfer reaction cannot be taken for granted. The thermal behaviour of the new fluorinated materials was also studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
- Pibiri,Pace,Buscemi,Causin,Rastrelli,Saielli
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p. 14306 - 14314
(2013/01/15)
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- PROTEASOME CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE INHIBITION USING PI-1833 ANALOGS
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Focused library synthesis and medicinal chemistry on an oxadiazole- isopropylamide core proteasome inhibitor provided the lead compound that strongly inhibits CT-L activity. Structure activity relationship studies indicate the amide moiety and two phenyl rings are sensitive toward synthetic modifications. Only para-substitution in the A-ring was important to maintain potent CT-L inhibitory activity. Hydrophobic residues in the A-ring?s para-position and meta-pyridyl group at the B- ring significantly improved inhibition. The meta-pyridyl moiety improved cell permeability. The length of the aliphatic chain at the para position of the A-ring is critical with propyl yielding the most potent inhibitor, whereas shorter (i.e. ethyl, methyl or hydrogen) or longer (i.e. butyl, propyl and hexyl) chains demonstrating progressively less potency. Introduction of a stereogenic center next to the ether moiety (i.e. substitution of one of the hydrogens by methyl) demonstrated chiral discrimination in proteasome CT-L activity inhibition (the S-enantiomer was 35-40 fold more potent than the R-enantiomer)
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Page/Page column 68-69
(2012/10/08)
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- Identification of a series of 4-[3-(quinolin-2-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl] piperazinyl ureas as potent smoothened antagonist hedgehog pathway inhibitors
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The Hedgehog (Hh-) signalling pathway is a key developmental pathway and there is a growing body of evidence showing that this pathway is aberrantly reactivated in a number of human tumors. Novel agents capable of inhibiting this pathway are sought, and an entirely novel series of smoothened (Smo) antagonists capable of inhibiting the pathway have been identified through uHTS screening. Extensive exploration of the scaffold identified the key functionalities necessary for potency, enabling potent nanomolar Smo antagonists like 91 and 94 to be developed. Optimization resulted in the most advanced compounds displaying low serum shift, clean off-targets profile, and moderate clearance in both rats and dogs. These compounds are valuable tools with which to probe the biology of the Hh-pathway.
- Ontoria, Jesus M.,Bufi, Laura Llauger,Torrisi, Caterina,Bresciani, Alberto,Giomini, Claudia,Rowley, Michael,Serafini, Sergio,Bin, Hu,Hao, Wu,Steinkühler, Christian,Jones, Philip
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scheme or table
p. 5274 - 5282
(2011/10/02)
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- OXADIAZOLE COMPOUNDS, THEIR PREPARATION AND USE
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The present invention relates to oxadiazole compounds in all their stereoisomeric and tautomeric forms and mixtures thereof in all ratios; and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable polymorphs. The invention also relates to processes for the manufacture of the oxadiazole compounds and to pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The said compounds and their pharmaceutical compositions are useful in the treatment of cancer, particularly chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The present invention further provides a method of treatment of cancer by administering a therapeutically effective amount of said compounds or their pharmaceutical compositions, to a mammal in need thereof.
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Page/Page column 91-92
(2011/09/30)
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- NEW CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
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The present invention encompasses compounds of general formula (1) wherein the groups R2 to R4, L, Q and n are defined as in claim 1, which are suitable for the treatment of diseases characterised by excessive or abnormal cell proliferation, and their use for preparing a pharmaceutical composition with the above-mentioned properties.
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Page/Page column 46
(2009/03/07)
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- Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel pyridine and pyrazine derivatives obtained from amidoximes
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(Chemical Equation Presented) The new pyridine, 4-pyridine N-oxide and pyrazine derivatives exhibiting an antibacterial activity have been synthesized. Amidoximes were transformed into N-hydroxyimidoyl chlorides and then into appropriate oximes. Upon treatment of pyridinecaboxamidoximes with methyl iodide 1-methylpyridynium iodides were formed. Reaction of amidoximes with various carbamoyl chlorides led to corresponding 5-aminocarbonyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles. Some of carboxamides have undergone thermal decarboxylation to tertiary amines. The newly synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for their tuberculostatic activity. MIC of the most active compound 9 was 12.5 μg/mL for H 37Rv strain. Their activity towards 25 strains of anaerobic and 25 strains of aerobic bacteria was also studied. Derivative 18 was active against both aerobic and anaerobic types of the bacteria.
- Gobis, Katarzyna,Foks, Henryk,Kedzia, Anna,Wierzbowska, Maria,Zwolska, Zofia
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experimental part
p. 1271 - 1279
(2010/03/23)
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- Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activities of clubbed [1,2,4]-oxadiazoles with fluorobenzimidazoles
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(Chemical Equation Presented) In this study, a novel series of substituted 4,6-difluoro-2-{2-[3-(substituted-phenyl)-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl]-ethyl} -1H-benzo[d]imidazole derivatives were synthesized by condensation of 2,4-difluoro-6-nitrophenyl amine with 3-(substitutedphenyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol- 5yl) propionic acid by using 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride in the presence of triethyl amine base. The compounds were evaluated for their preliminary in vitro antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhosa. The antibacterial data of the tested compounds indicated that most of the synthesized compounds showed moderate activity with reference standard Gentamycin.
- Jadhav, Ganesh R.,Shaikh, Mohammad U.,Kale, Rajesh P.,Ghawalkar, Anand R.,Gill, Charansingh H.
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experimental part
p. 980 - 987
(2009/12/05)
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- NEW CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
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The present invention encompasses compounds of general formula (1) wherein the groups R2 to R4, L, Q and n are defined as in claim 1, which are suitable for the treatment of diseases characterised by excessive or abnormal cell proliferation, and the use thereof for preparing a medicament having the above-mentioned properties.
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Page/Page column 36
(2008/12/07)
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- PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS
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This invention relates to novel pharmaceutical compositions comprising therapeutically effective combination of a positive allosteric modulator of nicotine receptors; and a cognitive enhancer selected from the group consisting of a nicotine acetylcholine
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Page/Page column 12
(2008/06/13)
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- Novel aryl and heteroaryl substituted N-[3-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-carboxamides as selective GSK-3 inhibitors
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Synthesis, biological evaluation, and SAR dependencies for a series of novel aryl and heteroaryl substituted N-[3-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-carboxamide inhibitors of GSK-3β kinase are described. The inhibitory activity of the synthesized compounds is highly dependent on the character of substituents in the phenyl ring and the nature of terminal heterocyclic fragment of the core molecular scaffold. The most potent compounds from this series contain 3,4-di-methyl or 2-methoxy substituents within the phenyl ring and 3-pyridine fragment connected to the 1,2,4-oxadiazole heterocycle. These compounds selectively inhibit GSK-3β kinase with IC50 value of 0.35 and 0.41 μM, respectively.
- Koryakova, Angela G.,Ivanenkov, Yan A.,Ryzhova, Elena A.,Bulanova, Elena A.,Karapetian, Ruben N.,Mikitas, Olga V.,Katrukha, Eugeny A.,Kazey, Vasily I.,Okun, Ilya,Kravchenko, Dmitry V.,Lavrovsky, Yan V.,Korzinov, Oleg M.,Ivachtchenko, Alexandre V.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3661 - 3666
(2009/04/16)
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- Rapid multistep synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles in a single continuous microreactor sequence
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(Chemical Equation Presented) A general method for the synthesis of bis-substituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles from readily available arylnitriles and activated carbonyls in a single continuous microreactor sequence is described. The synthesis incorporates three s
- Grant, Daniel,Dahl, Russell,Cosford, Nicholas D. P.
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experimental part
p. 7219 - 7223
(2009/05/07)
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- Oxadiazole-carbonylaminothioureas as SIRT1 and SIRT2 inhibitors
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A new inhibitor for human sirtuin type proteins 1 and 2 (SIRT1 and SIRT2) was discovered through virtual database screening in search of new scaffolds. A series of compounds was synthesized based on the hit compound (3-[[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)1,2,4-oxadiazole-5-carbonyl]ammo]-1-[3- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiourea). The most potent compound in the series was nearly as potent as the reference compound (6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H- carbazole-1-carboxamide).
- Huhtiniemi, Tero,Suuronen, Tiina,Rinne, Valtteri M.,Wittekindt, Carsten,Lahtela-Kakkonen, Maija,Jarho, Elina,Wallén, Erik A. A.,Salminen, Antero,Poso, Antti,Lepp?nen, Jukka
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4377 - 4380
(2009/06/17)
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- Discovery of the first potent and orally efficacious agonist of the orphan G-protein coupled receptor 119
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GPR119 is a rhodopsin-like GPCR expressed in pancreatic β-cells and incretin releasing cells in the GI tract. As with incretins, GPR119 increases cAMP levels in these cell types, thus making it a highly attractive potential target for the treatment of dia
- Semple, Graeme,Fioravanti, Beatriz,Pereira, Guillherme,Calderon, Imelda,Uy, Jane,Choi, Karoline,Xiong, Yifeng,Ren, Albert,Morgan, Michael,Dave, Vibha,Thomsen, William,Unett, David J.,Xing, Charles,Bossie, Stuart,Carroll, Chris,Chu, Zhi-Liang,Grottick, Andrew J.,Hauser, Erin K.,Leonard, James,Jones, Robert M.
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scheme or table
p. 5172 - 5175
(2009/07/01)
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- Potent and selective nonpeptidic inhibitors of procollagen C-proteinase
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6-Cyclohexyl-N-hydroxy-3-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)hexanamides were previously disclosed as inhibitors of procollagen C-proteinase (PCP) culminating in the identification of amide 1. Our objective was to discover a second inhibitor that would have improved affinity for PCP and to optimize properties for transepidermal delivery (TED) to intact skin. Further investigation of this template identified a number of potent PCP inhibitors (IC50 values of 2-6 nM) with improved TED flux. Sulfonamide 56 had excellent PCP enzyme activity when measured with a peptide substrate (Ki 8.7 nM) or with the endogenous substrate procollagen (IC50 3.4 nM) and demonstrates excellent selectivity over MMPs involved in wound healing (>10 000-fold). In the fibroplasia model, 56 inhibited deposition of insoluble collagen by 76 ± 2% at 10 μM and was very effective at penetrating human skin in vitro with a TED flux of 1.5 μg/cm2/h, which compares favorably with values for agents that are known to penetrate skin well in vivo. Based on this profile, 56 (UK-421,045) was selected as a candidate for further preclinical evaluation as a topically applied, dermal anti-scarring agent.
- Fish, Paul V.,Allan, Gillian A.,Bailey, Simon,Blagg, Julian,Butt, Richard,Collis, Michael G.,Greiling, Doris,James, Kim,Kendall, Jackie,McElroy, Andrew,McCleverty, Dawn,Reed, Charlotte,Webster, Robert,Whitlock, Gavin A.
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p. 3442 - 3456
(2008/02/11)
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- NOVEL OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR MEDICAL USE
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This invention relates to novel oxadiazole derivatives of formula (I) which are found to be modulators of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Due to their pharmacological profile the compounds of the invention may be useful for the treatment of disease
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Page/Page column 17-18
(2008/06/13)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-heterocyclyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro- (7,10-ethano)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazines and analogues as subtype-selective inverse agonists for the GABAAα5 benzodiazepine binding site
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The identification of a novel series of 7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-(7,10-ethano)- 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazines as GABAAα5 inverse agonists, which have both binding and functional (efficacy) selectivity for the benzodiazepine binding site of α5- over α1-, α2-, and α3-containing GABAA receptor subtypes, is described. Binding selectivity was determined to a large part by the degree of planarity of the fused ring system whereas functional selectivity was dependent on the nature of the heterocycle at the 3-position of the triazolopyridazine ring. 3-Furan and 5-methylisoxazole were shown to be optimal for GABAAα5 functional selectvity. 3-(5-Methylisoxazol-3-yl)-6-(2-pyridyl)methyloxy-1,2,4- triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazine (43) was identified as a full inverse agonist at the GABAAα5 subtype with functional selectivity over the other GABAA receptor subtypes and good oral bioavailability.
- Street, Leslie J.,Sternfeld, Francine,Jelley, Richard A.,Reeve, Austin J.,Carling, Robert W.,Moore, Kevin W.,McKernan, Ruth M.,Sohal, Bindi,Cook, Susan,Pike, Andrew,Dawson, Gerard R.,Bromidge, Frances A.,Wafford, Keith A.,Seabrook, Guy R.,Thompson, Sally A.,Marshall, George,Pillai, Goplan V.,Castro, José L.,Atack, John R.,MacLeod, Angus M.
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p. 3642 - 3657
(2007/10/03)
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