- Microwave-assisted synthesis of new 6-ureido-4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives
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An efficient rapid method for the synthesis of new 6-ureido-4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives derived from 2-amino-5-nitrobenzoic acid under microwave irradiation has been developed. All of the new compounds were identified by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, MS and elemental analyses.
- Zheng, Youguang,Gao, Caiyun,Huang, Rongrong,Liu, Yi,Xue, Yunsheng,An, Lin
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives bearing amino acid moiety as potential EGFR kinase inhibitors
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In this study, a series of 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives bearing amino acid moiety were designed, synthesized and evaluated for biological activities. The synthesized compounds were screened for anticancer activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2 using SRB assay. In?vitro cell growth inhibition assays indicated that compound 6m exhibited moderate inhibitory activities only against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2 with IC50 of 8.3?μM. Synthetic derivatives showed excellent selectivity, such as compound 6m demonstrated a strong inhibition of EGFR (IC50?=?0.0032?μM), with selectivity of over 2000-fold over other kinases. Apoptosis analysis revealed that compound 6m caused obvious induction of cell apoptosis. 6m significantly down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 and up-regulated the expression of Bax, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), promoted the mitochondrial cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm, activated caspase-3, and finally induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Molecular docking indicated that compound 6m could bind well with EGFR. Therefore, compound 6m may be a potential agent for cancer therapy deserving further research.
- Zheng, You-Guang,Su, Jun,Gao, Cai-Yun,Jiang, Ping,An, Lin,Xue, Yun-Sheng,Gao, Jian,Liu, Yi
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- 4-Anilinoquinazolines with Lavendustin A subunit as inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase: Syntheses, chemical and pharmacological properties
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4-Anilinoquinazoline derivatives are widely investigated due to their potent epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity. Two 4-anilinoquinazolines with Lavendustin A subunit (10a,b) were synthesized and examined for their EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity as well as their antiproliferative properties on variant human cancer cell lines. Both compounds maintained their EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity at the 10-7:M level and led to significant growth inhibition in certain leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian cancer, renal cancer and breast cancer cell lines with GI50 values at the 10-6 M level. There could not be observed any notable difference between 10a and 10b regarding to their antiproliferative activity. Interestingly, we observed the high tendency of 10a and 10b to include certain solvents, e.g. water, DMF, DMSO, which may be due to the remarkable number of hydrogen accepting/donating groups in 10a and b. An X-ray analysis of 10a including water and DMF illustrates a possible hydrogen bond pattern and could serve as information for preferred receptor (e.g. EGFR tyrosine kinase) binding sites. Finally, we aimed for irreversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The p-quinone derivatives 11a and 11b, which contain a Michael acceptor position according to the irreversible inhibitor CI-1033, could be derived from the p-hydroquinone derivatives 10a or 10b, respectively, by oxidation. However, due to their instability 11a and 11b could not be obtained in a pure form.
- Albuschat, Rica,L?we, Werner,Weber, Manuela,Luger, Peter,Jendrossek, Verena
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- Structural insights into how irreversible inhibitors can overcome drug resistance in EGFR
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Resistance to kinase- targeted cancer drugs has recently been linked to a single point mutation in the ATP binding site of the kinase. In EGFR, the crucial Thr790 gatekeeper residue is mutated to a Met and prevents reversible ATP competitive inhibitors from binding. Irreversible 4-(phenylamino)quinazolines have been shown to overcome this drug resistance and are currently in clinical trials. In order to obtain a detailed structural understanding of how irreversible inhibitors overcome drug resistance, we used Src kinase as a model system for drug resistant EGFR-T790M. We report the first crystal structure of a drug resistant kinase in complex with an irreversible inhibitor. This 4-(phenylamino)quinazoline inhibits wild type and drug resistant EGFR in vitro at low nM concentrations. The co-crystal structure of drug resistant cSrc-T338M kinase domain provides the structural basis of this activity.
- Michalczyk, Anja,Klueter, Sabine,Rode, Haridas B.,Simard, Jeffrey R.,Gruetter, Christian,Rabiller, Matthias,Rauh, Daniel
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of cinnamamide-quinazoline derivatives as potential EGFR inhibitors to reverse T790M mutation
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Gatekeeper T790M mutation in EGFR is the most common factor for acquired resistance. Acrylamide-bearing 4-anilinoquinazoline scaffold are powerful irreversible inhibitors for overcoming resistance. In this work, three series of EGFR inhibitors derived from incorporation of cinnamamide into the quinazoline scaffold were designed and synthesized to reverse resistance resulting from insurgence of T790M mutation. SAR studies revealed that methoxy and acetoxy substitutions on the cinnamic phenyl ring were found to elevate the activity. In particular, compound 7g emerged as the most potent derivative against mutant-type H1975 cells, which exhibited comparable activity to osimertinib (0.95 μM) towards H1975 cells with an IC50 value of 1.22 μM. Kinase inhibition studies indicated that 7g showed excellent inhibitory effect on EGFRT790M enzyme, which was 11 times more effective than gefitinib. Besides, selectivity index of 7g toward the EGFRT790M mutant over the EGFRWT is 2.72, hinting its effect of reducing off-target. Mechanism study indicated that 7g induced apoptosis of H1975 cells and arrest the cell cycle at G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, 7g could significantly inhibit the expression of p-EGFR and its downstream p-AKT and p-ERK in H1975 cells. Molecular docking was also performed to gain insights into the ligand-binding interactions of 7g inside EGFRWT and EGFRT790M binding sites.
- Zhang, Bin,Xu, Zichen,Liu, Qingqing,Xia, Shengjin,Liu, Zhikun,Liao, Zhixin,Gou, Shaohua
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- Discovery of Potent EGFR Inhibitors With 6-Arylureido-4-anilinoquinazoline Derivatives
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According to the classical pharmacophore fusion strategy, a series of 6-arylureido-4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives (Compounds 7a–t) were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated by the standard CCK-8 method and enzyme inhibition assay. Among the title compounds, Compounds 7a, 7c, 7d, 7f, 7i, 7o, 7p, and 7q exhibited promising anti-proliferative bioactivities, especially Compound 7i, which had excellent antitumor activity against the A549, HT-29, and MCF-7 cell lines (IC50 = 2.25, 1.72, and 2.81?μM, respectively) compared with gefitinib, erlotinib, and sorafenib. In addition, the enzyme activity inhibition assay indicated that the synthesized compounds had sub-micromolar inhibitory levels (IC50, 11.66–867.1?nM), which was consistent with the results of the tumor cell line growth inhibition tests. By comparing the binding mechanisms of Compound 7i (17.32?nM), gefitinib (25.42?nM), and erlotinib (33.25?nM) to the EGFR, it was found that Compound 7i could extend into the effective region with a similar action conformation to that of gefitinib and interact with residues L85, D86, and R127, increasing the binding affinity of Compound 7i to the EGFR. Based on the molecular hybridization strategy, 14 compounds with EGFR inhibitory activity were designed and synthesized, and the action mechanism was explored through computational approaches, providing valuable clues for the research of antitumor agents based on EGFR inhibitors.
- Li, Meng,Xue, Na,Liu, Xingang,Wang, Qiaoyun,Yan, Hongyi,Liu, Yifan,Wang, Lei,Shi, Xiaowei,Cao, Deying,Zhang, Kai,Zhang, Yang
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- A THERANOSTIC PROBE AND ITS USE FOR TARGETING AND/OR LABELING THE EGFR KINASE AND/OR THE CELLS EXPRESSING EGFR OR ITS FAMILY MEMBERS
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The present application is directed to a theranostic probe and its use for targeting and/or labeling the EGFR kinase and/or the cells expressing EGFR or its family members.
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Page/Page column 12-13; 16
(2020/09/08)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-aniline quinazoline derivatives conjugated with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donors as potent EGFR inhibitors against L858R resistance mutation
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In this study, a series of 4-aniline quinazoline derivatives bearing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donors were designed, synthesized and evaluated for biological activities. The synthesized compounds were screened for the enzymatic activities against EGFR and EGFR mutants by kinase target-based cell screening method. The results demonstrate that most compounds exhibit selectively inhibitory activities against TEL-EGFR-L858R–BaF3, especially compound 9h with GI50 = 0.008 μM (TEL-EGFR-L858R–BaF3), 0.0069 μM (TEL-EGFR-C797S–BaF3), >10 μM (BaF3), >10 μM (TEL-EGFR-BaF3) and 6.03 μM (TEL-EGFR-T790M-L858R–BaF3). The results from anti-proliferative assays in two NSCLC cell lines indicate that synthetic derivatives (9g, 9h, 15e and 15f) with H2S donor ACS81 display greater anti-proliferative potency against NSCLC cell line H3255 bearing EGFR mutant (L858R) with GI50 values ranging from 0.3486 to 1.348 μM. In addition, compound 9h exhibits weak anti-proliferative effects on other tumor cells (HepG2, MCF-7, HT-29 and A431) and has lower toxic effect on HUVEC cells than AZD9291 (positive control). Meanwhile, compound 9h inhibits the phosphorylation of EGFR in H3255 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis reveals that compound 9h suppresses the proliferation of cells by inducing cell cycle arrest in G0-G1 phase. The result of H2S release evaluation suggests that the H2S release of compound 9h is significantly more and faster than other compounds.
- An, Lin,Gao, Cai-Yun,Li, Cheng-Lin,Liu, Yi,Meng, Long,Wu, Xiao-Qing,Xu, Liang,Zhang, Ling,Zhang, Wu-Qi,Zheng, You-Guang
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- Novel series of 6-(2-substitutedacetamido)-4-anilinoquinazolines as EGFR-ERK signal transduction inhibitors in MCF-7 breast cancer cells
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Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway has been previously investigated for its significant role in the progression of different types of malignant tumors, where development of small molecules targeting EGFR is well known strategy for design of antitumor agents. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of two series of 6-(2-substitutedacetamido)-4-anilinoquinazolines (6a-x and 13a-d) as EGFR inhibitors. All the newly synthesized quinazoline derivatives were in vitro evaluated for their anti-proliferative activity towards MCF-7 (Breast Cancer) and HepG2 (Hepatocellular carcinoma) cell lines. In particular, compound 6n showed significant inhibitory activity against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines (IC50 = 3 and 16 μM, respectively), compared to that of Erlotinib (IC50 = 20 and 25 μM, respectively). Western blotting of 6n at MCF-7 cell line revealed the dual inhibitory activity of 6n towards diminishing the phosphorylated levels for EGFR and ERK. Also, ELISA assay confirmed the anti-EGFR activity of compound 6n (IC50 = 0.037 μM). Finally, a molecular docking study showed the potential binding mode of 6n within the ATP catalytic binding site of EGFR, exhibiting similar binding mode to EGFR inhibitor Erlotinib.
- Ismail, Rania S.M.,Abou-Seri, Sahar M.,Eldehna, Wagdy M.,Ismail, Nasser S.M.,Elgazwi, Sara M.,Ghabbour, Hazem A.,Ahmed, Mahmoud Salama,Halaweish, Fathi T.,Abou El Ella, Dalal A.
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supporting information
p. 782 - 796
(2018/06/29)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of quinazoline–phosphoramidate mustard conjugates as anticancer drugs
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A series of novel compounds with phosphoramide mustard functionality incorporated into the quinazoline scaffold of EGFR/HER2 inhibitors were designed and synthesized as multi-target-directed ligands against tumor cells. In?vitro assays showed that tumor cell lines with high HER2 level were more sensitive to the compounds than tumor cells with low HER2 level. Compound 10d (EMB-3) was one of the most potent inhibitors with IC50of 7.4?nM and 82?nM against EGFR and HER2, respectively. The mechanism studies were also supported by the effect of 10d-induced DNA damage in MDA-MB-468?cells. In?vivo efficacy study showed that 10d could significantly inhibit H522 tumor xenograft model with a TGI of 68% at dose of 100?mg/kg (QDx28, p.o.) and no significant body weight loss was observed. MTD study indicated that compound 10d had no acute toxicity to mice at doses up to 900?mg/kg (single dose).
- Lin, Songwen,Li, Yingbo,Zheng, Yufen,Luo, Laichun,Sun, Qi,Ge, Zemei,Cheng, Tieming,Li, Runtao
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p. 442 - 458
(2017/01/18)
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- First Bispecific Inhibitors of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase and the NF-κB Activity As Novel Anticancer Agents
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The activation of the NF-κB transcription factor is a major adaptive response induced upon treatment with EGFR kinase inhibitors, leading to the emergence of resistance in nonsmall cell lung cancer and other tumor types. To suppress this survival mechanism, we developed new thiourea quinazoline derivatives that are dual inhibitors of both EGFR kinase and the NF-κB activity. Optimization of the hit compound, identified in a NF-κB reporter gene assay, led to compound 9b, exhibiting a cellular IC50 for NF-κB inhibition of 0.3 μM while retaining a potent EGFR kinase inhibition (IC50 = 60 nM). The dual inhibitors showed a higher potency than gefitinib to inhibit cell growth of EGFR-overexpressing tumor cell lines in vitro and in a xenograft model in vivo, while no signs of toxicity were observed. An investigation of the molecular mechanism of NF-κB suppression revealed that the dual inhibitors depleted the transcriptional coactivator CREB-binding protein from the NF-κB complex in the nucleus.
- Hamed, Mostafa M.,Darwish, Sarah S.,Herrmann, Jennifer,Abadi, Ashraf H.,Engel, Matthias
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supporting information
p. 2853 - 2868
(2017/04/21)
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- H2S donor compound based on quinazoline structure and application thereof
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The invention discloses an H2S donor compound based on a quinazoline structure and an application thereof. The H2S donor compound is a compound shown as a formula (I) or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof, wherein Ar is substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, and a substituent thereof is selected from one or more of halogen, nitro, C1-C4 alkyl, halogenated C1-C4 alkyl, alkoxy with 1-4 carbon atoms and halogenated alkoxy with 1-4 carbon atoms; X is alkoxy with 1-4 carbon atoms, a B-NH or A-CH2CO-NH- group; Y is a H, B-CnH2nO- or A-CnH2nO- group; A or B is a H2S donor group; n is an integer being 1-5; Y is not H when X is alkoxy with 1-3 carbon atoms. A series of H2S donor compounds based on a 4-anilino quinazoline structure are designed and synthesized, and the antineoplastic activity of a medicament is increased under the synergistic action of H2S and 4-anilino quinazoline derivatives. The formula of the H2S donor compound is shown in the description.
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Paragraph 0184; 0185; 0186
(2017/07/20)
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- Toward discovery of mutant EGFR inhibitors; Design, synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of potent 4-arylamino-6-ureido and thioureido-quinazoline derivatives
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A new series of 4-anilinoquinazolines with C-6 ureido and thioureido side chains and various substituents at the C-4 anilino moiety was designed, synthesized and evaluated as wild type (WT) and mutant EGFR inhibitors. Most of the compounds inhibited EGFR kinase wild type (EGFR WT) with IC50values in the low nanomolar range (50?=?1.76–2.38?μM) in these mutant lines and significant Her2 enzyme inhibition (IC50?=?19.2–40.6?nM) compared to lapatinib (60.1?nM). The Binding mode of compounds 6d, 6f, 7a, 7b and 8b were demonstrated. Furthermore, growth inhibition against gefitinib insensitive cell lines PC9-GR4 (Del19/T790M) were tested, compounds 6f and 7e showed about eight and three folds respectively greater potency than gefitinib. Our structure–activity relationships (SAR) studies suggested that presence of ethyl piperidino urea/thiourea at 6-position and bulky group of (3-chloro-4-(3-fluorobenzyloxy)phenyl)amino at 4-position of quinazoline may serve as promising scaffold for developing inhibitors against wild type and mutant EGFR.
- Mowafy, Samar,Galanis,Doctor, Zainab M.,Paranal, Raymond M.,Lasheen, Deena S.,Farag, Nahla A.,J?nne, Pasi A.,Abouzid, Khaled A.M.
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p. 3501 - 3512
(2016/07/20)
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- 4-Arylamino-6-nitroquinazolines: Synthesis and their activities against neglected disease leishmaniasis
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4-Arylamino-6-nitroquinazolines (2-25) were synthesized and evaluated for their leishmanicidal activities against Leishmania major promastigotes in vitro with IC50 values Combining double low line 1.87-61.48 μM. Among the twenty four synthetic derivatives, 4-[4′-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl]amino-6-nitroquinazoline (21), and 4-(2′-methoxyphenyl)amino-6-nitroquinazoline (8) showed excellent antileishmanial activities with IC50 values 1.87 ± 0.31 and 4.37 ± 0.02 μM, respectively, more active than the standard drug, pentamidine (IC50 Combining double low line 5.09 ± 0.09 μM). Compound 16 (IC50 Combining double low line 6.53 ± 0.21 μM) displayed an activity comparable to the standard. Compounds 15 (IC50 Combining double low line 9.04 ± 0.03 μM), 18 (IC50 Combining double low line 12.28 ± 0.18 μM), 14 (IC50 Combining double low line 19.87 ± 0.22 μM), and 5 (IC50 Combining double low line 24.03 ± 2.71 μM) also showed good activities.
- Saad, Syed Muhammad,Ghouri, Nida,Perveen, Shahnaz,Khan, Khalid Mohammed,Choudhary, M. Iqbal
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel quinazoline derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats
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Quinazoline has been reported to exhibit multiple bioactivities. The aim of this study was to discover new quinazoline derivatives with preventive effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via anti-inflammatory actions. Thirty-three 4-amino quinazolin derivatives were synthesized and screened for anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages. The most potent four compounds, 6h, 6m, 6p, and 6q, were shown dose-dependent inhibition against lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α and IL-6 release. Then, the preliminary structure-activity relationship and quantitative structure-activity relationship analyses were conducted. To further determine the effects of quinazolines on acute lung injury treatment, lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury model was employed. Male Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with 6m or 6q before instillation of lipopolysaccharide. The results showed that 6m and 6q, especially 6q, obviously alleviated lung histopathological changes, inflammatory cells infiltration, and cytokines mRNA expression initiated by lipopolysaccharide. Taken together, this work suggests that 6m and 6q suppressed the lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through inhibition of the inflammatory response in vivo and in vitro, indicating that quinazolines might serve as potential agents for the treatment of acute lung injury and deserve the continuing drug development and research.
- Hu, Jie,Zhang, Yali,Dong, Lili,Wang, Zhe,Chen, Lingfeng,Liang, Dandan,Shi, Dengjian,Shan, Xiaoou,Liang, Guang
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p. 672 - 684
(2015/05/27)
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- TARGETED COVALENT PROBES AND INHIBITORS OF PROTEINS CONTAINING REDOX-SENSITIVE CYSTEINES
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Covalent, irreversible small-molecule inhibitors that modify the sulfenyl form (i.e., sulfenic acid, RSOH and sulfenamide, RSNR'2) of therapeutically important proteins (particularly kinases and phosphatases) are disclosed, where the compositions include a compound having a substituted aryl or heterocyclic core structure that promotes binding interactions with a specific protein, and a nucleophilic reaction center (carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorous) that is capable of forming a covalent bond with a sulfenic acid- or sulfenamide-modified cysteine residue in the protein. Methods for synthesizing these compounds are also disclosed, as well as methods of using them for determining the bioactivity of a chemical composition comprising an active compound toward a specific protein and for determining the potency of an inhibitor against a specific protein.
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Page/Page column 0095
(2014/06/24)
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- Design, synthesis, and evaluation of substituted 6-amide-4- anilinoquinazoline derivatives as c-Src inhibitors
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The 4-anilinoquinazoline scaffold has been historically used for designing EGFR/VEGFR/HER2 inhibitors while it has not been reported widely for developing c-Src inhibitors. Thus, a series of novel 4-anilinoquinazoline derivatives grafting different amide moieties at the 6-position were designed and synthesized as potential inhibitors for c-Src. In this manuscript, all of the designed compounds were screened via molecular docking using Discovery Studio 3.5 software. As expected, the results of the docking study revealed that most of these targeted compounds possessed lower binding energy than the positive control Saracatinib. Subsequently, all of the screened compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their c-Src in vitro inhibitory activities and in vitro antiproliferation assays against four human cancer cells (A549, MCF-7, HepG-2, HeLa). Among these compounds, 24 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against c-Src kinase as well as at the cellular level, of which the IC50 value reached up to 2.9 nM, comparable to the positive compound Saracatinib. Kinase selectivity profile also demonstrated that compound 24 showed good selectivity over several close kinase targets. These results, along with relative 3D-QSAR study, could provide an important basis for further development of compound 24 as a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
- Fang, Fei,Li, Dong-Dong,Li, Jing-Ran,Sun, Jian,Du, Qian-Ru,Gong, Hai-Bin,Zhu, Hai-Liang
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p. 26230 - 26240
(2013/12/04)
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- 6-Aryl and heterocycle quinazoline derivatives as potent EGFR inhibitors with improved activity toward gefitinib-sensitive and -resistant tumor cell lines
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A group of novel anilinoquinazoline derivatives with variable aryl and heterocyclic substituents at position6 were synthesized and tested for their EGFR-inhibitory activity. Aryl and heterocyclic rings were attached to the quinazoline scaffold through different linkages such as imine, amide, and thiourea. Most of the aryl and heterocyclic derivatives showed potent inhibition of wild-type EGFR with IC50 values in the low nanomolar range. Among these, thiourea derivatives 6a, 6b and compound 10b also retained significant activity toward the gefitinib-insensitive EGFRT790M/L858R mutant, displaying up to 24-fold greater potency than gefitinib. In addition, cell growth inhibitory activity was tested against cancer cell lines with wild-type (KB cells) and mutant EGFR (H1975 cells). Several compounds including 6a were found to be more potent than the reference compound gefitinib toward both cell lines, as was the case for compound 10b against H1975 cells. Therefore, compounds 6a and 10b in particular may serve as new leads for the development of inhibitors effective against wild-type EGFR as well as gefitinib-resistant mutants.
- Hamed, Mostafa M.,AbouElElla, Dalal A.,Keeton, Adam B.,Piazza, Gary A.,Abadi, Ashraf H.,Hartmann, Rolf W.,Engel, Matthias
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p. 1495 - 1504
(2013/09/12)
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- Design, synthesis and in vitro anti-proliferative activity of 4,6-quinazolinediamines as potent EGFR-TK inhibitors
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4-Anilino-6-substituted-quinazolines were designed, synthesized and evaluated for EGFR-TK and tumor growth inhibitory activities. The target compounds were designed with enamine ester or urea moieties appended at the C-6 of quinazoline as additional hydrogen bond acceptor functions. Most of the synthesized compounds displayed potent EGFR-TK inhibitory activity at 10 μM and the 6-ureido-anilinoquinazoline derivative 7a showed IC50 value of 0.061 μM. Moreover, six compounds were tested by National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA for their anti-proliferative activity at 10 μM in full NCI 60 cell panel. Compound 7a was further assayed for five dose molar ranges in full NCI 60 cell panel and exhibited remarkable growth inhibitory activity pattern against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer EKVX (GI50 = 0.37 μM), NCI-H322M (GI50 = 0.36 μM), Renal Cancer A498 (GI50 = 0.46 μM), TK-10 (GI50 = 0.99 μM) and Breast Cancer MDA-MB-468 (GI50 = 1.096 μM) which are of high EGFR expression. Docking study was performed for the active compounds into ATP binding site of EGFR-TK which showed similar binding mode to gefitinib and additional binding with Cys-773 at the gatekeeper of EGFR-TK enzyme.
- Mowafy, Samar,Farag, Nahla A.,Abouzid, Khaled A.M.
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p. 132 - 145
(2013/05/08)
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- Combinatorial synthesis of labelled drugs and PET tracers: Synthesis of a focused library of 11C-carbonyl-labelled acrylamides as potential biomarkers of EGFR expression
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Combinatorial synthesis is extensively used in drug development and lead optimisation. However, this approach has rarely been used for positron emission tomography because of limitations in available technologies. [ 11C]Carbon monoxide is amenable to combinatorial synthesis in transition-metal-catalysed reactions because it can react with a wide variety of electrophiles and nucleophiles, which opens up the possibilities for combinatorial radiochemistry. Herein, we exemplify the combinatorial approach by 11C-labelling a library of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. The selection of candidates was guided by molecular docking. Epidermal growth factor receptor is overexpressed in a variety of tumours, and it has become an important drug target. The 11C-labelling reactions were performed using four substituted vinyl iodides and three different 4-anilino-6-aminoquinazolines using a palladium-mediated reaction with [ 11C]carbon monoxide using a single set of reaction conditions. In total, 12 labelled acrylamide derivatives were radiolabelled and obtained in 24-61% decay-corrected radiochemical yield (from [11C]carbon monoxide). Starting from 5.6 GBq [11C]carbon monoxide, 0.85 GBq of formulated N-[4-(3-bromo-phenylamino)-quinazolin-6-yl]-acryl[ 11C]amide [11C]12da was obtained within 47 min from end of bombardment (specific activity of 60 GBq μmol-1). This strategy is an example of how [11C]carbon monoxide can be utilised in the labelling of libraries of drug candidates and positron emission tomography tracers for in vitro and in vivo testing. Copyright
- ?berg, Ola,L?ngstr?ma, Bengt
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p. 477 - 483
(2013/03/28)
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- Irreversible inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor activity by 3-aminopropanamides
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Irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors contain a reactive warhead which covalently interacts with a conserved cysteine residue in the kinase domain. The acrylamide fragment, a commonly employed warhead, effectively alkylates Cys797 of EGFR, but its reactivity can cause rapid metabolic deactivation or nonspecific reactions with off-targets. We describe here a new series of irreversible inhibitors containing a 3-aminopropanamide linked in position 6 to 4-anilinoquinazoline or 4-anilinoquinoline-3- carbonitrile driving portions. Some of these compounds proved to be as efficient as their acrylamide analogues in inhibiting EGFR-TK (TK = tyrosine kinase) autophosphorylation in A549 lung cancer cells. Moreover, several 3-aminopropanamides suppressed proliferation of gefitinib-resistant H1975 cells, harboring the T790M mutation in EGFR, at significantly lower concentrations than did gefitinib. A prototypical compound, N-(4-(3-bromoanilino)quinazolin-6- yl)-3-(dimethylamino)propanamide (5), did not show covalent binding to cell-free EGFR-TK in a fluorescence assay, while it underwent selective activation in the intracellular environment, releasing an acrylamide derivative which can react with thiol groups.
- Carmi, Caterina,Galvani, Elena,Vacondio, Federica,Rivara, Silvia,Lodola, Alessio,Russo, Simonetta,Aiello, Stefania,Bordi, Fabrizio,Costantino, Gabriele,Cavazzoni, Andrea,Alfieri, Roberta R.,Ardizzoni, Andrea,Petronini, Pier Giorgio,Mor, Marco
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scheme or table
p. 2251 - 2264
(2012/05/20)
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- Design and synthesis of 4,6-substituted-(diaphenylamino)quinazolines as potent EGFR inhibitors with antitumor activity
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A type of novel 4,6-substituted-(diaphenylamino)quinazolines, which designed based on the 4-(phenylamino)quinazoline moiety, have been discovered as potential EGFR inhibitors. These compounds displayed good antiproliferative activity and EGFR-TK inhibitory activity. Especially, 4-((4-(3-bromophenylamino) quinazolin-6-ylamino)methyl)phenol (5b), showed the most potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.28 μM for Hep G2, IC50 = 0.59 μM for A16-F10 and IC50 = 0.87 μM for EGFR) and effectively induces apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in the Hep G2 cell line. Molecular docking of 5b into EGFR TK active site was also performed. This inhibitor nicely fitting the active site might well explain its excellent inhibitory activity.
- Li, Huan-Qiu,Li, Dong-Dong,Lu, Xiang,Xu, Yun-Yun,Zhu, Hai-Liang
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experimental part
p. 317 - 323
(2012/03/10)
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- Discovery of 6-substituted 4-anilinoquinazolines with dioxygenated rings as novel EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors
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It had been reported that some dioxygenated rings fusing with the quinazoline scaffold could lead to new EGFR inhibitors. Based on this, several kinds of oxygenated alkane quinazoline derivatives were synthetized and evaluated as EGFR inhibitors. Their antiproliferative activities were tested against four cancer cell lines: A431, MCF-7, A549, and B16-F10. Most derivatives could counteract EGF-induced EGFR phosphorylation, and their potency was comparable to the reference compound Erlotinib. The size of the fused dioxygenated ring was crucial for the biological activity and the heptatomic ring derivative 19 showed potent in vitro inhibitory activity in the enzymatic assay as well as in the cellular assay.
- Li, Dong-Dong,Fang, Fei,Li, Jing-Ran,Du, Qian-Ru,Sun, Jian,Gong, Hai-Bin,Zhu, Hai-Liang
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supporting information
p. 5870 - 5875
(2012/11/13)
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- The combination of 4-anilinoquinazoline and cinnamic acid: A novel mode of binding to the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase
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A novel type of cinnamic acid quinazoline amide derivatives (20-42), which designed the combination between quinazoline as the backbone and various substituted cinnamic acid as the side chain, have been synthesized and their biological activities were evaluated within cytotoxicity assay firstly and then potent EGFR inhibitory activity. Compound 42 demonstrated the most potent inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.94 μM for EGFR), which could be optimized as a potential EGFR inhibitor in the further study. Docking simulation was performed to position compound 42 into the EGFR active site to determine the probable binding model. Analysis of the binding conformation of 42 in active site displayed compound 42 was stabilized by hydrogen bonding interactions with Lys822, which was different from other derivatives. In the further study, Compounds 43 and 44 had been synthesized and their biological activities were also evaluated, which were the same as that we expected. Compound 43 has demonstrated significant EGFR (IC50 = 0.12 μM) and tumor growth inhibitory activity as a potential anticancer agent.
- Li, Dong-Dong,Lv, Peng-Cheng,Zhang, Hui,Zhang, Hong-Jia,Hou, Ya-Ping,Liu, Kai,Ye, Yong-Hao,Zhu, Hai-Liang
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experimental part
p. 5012 - 5022
(2011/10/04)
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- Design, synthesis and antitumor evaluation of phenyl N-mustard-quinazoline conjugates
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A series of N-mustard-quinazoline conjugates was synthesized and subjected to antitumor studies. The N-mustard pharmacophore was attached at the C-6 of the 4-anilinoquinazolines via a urea linker. To study the structure-activity relationships of these conjugates, various substituents were introduced to the C-4 anilino moiety. The preliminary antitumor studies revealed that these agents exhibited significant antitumor activity in inhibiting various human tumor cell growths in vitro. Compounds 21b, 21g, and 21h were selected for further antitumor activity evaluation against human breast carcinoma MX-1 and prostate PC-3 xenograft in animal model. These agents showed 54-75% tumor suppression with low toxicity (5-7% body-weight changes). We also demonstrate that the newly synthesized compounds are able to induce DNA cross-linking through alkaline agarose gel shift assay and inhibited cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase.
- Marvania, Bhavin,Lee, Pei-Chih,Chaniyara, Ravi,Dong, Huajin,Suman, Sharda,Kakadiya, Rajesh,Chou, Ting-Chao,Lee, Te-Chang,Shah, Anamik,Su, Tsann-Long
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p. 1987 - 1998
(2011/04/25)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-anilinoquinolines as potent inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor
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The mutant receptor tyrosine kinase EGFR is a validated and therapeutically amenable target for genotypically selected lung cancer patients. Here we present the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of 6- and 7-substituted 4-anilinoquinolines as potent type I inhibitors of clinically relevant mutant variants of EGFR. Quinolines 3a and 3e were found to be highly active kinase inhibitors in biochemical assays and were further investigated for their biological effect on EGFR-dependent Ba/F3 cells and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines.
- Pawar, Vijaykumar G.,Sos, Martin L.,Rode, Haridas B.,Rabiller, Matthias,Heynck, Stefanie,Van Otterlo, Willem A. L.,Thomas, Roman K.,Rauh, Daniel
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scheme or table
p. 2892 - 2901
(2010/08/05)
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- Novel irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors by chemical modulation of the cysteine-trap portion
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Irreversible EGFR inhibitors can circumvent acquired resistance to first-generation reversible, ATPcompetitive inhibitors in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. They contain both a driver group, which assures target recognition, and a warhead, generally an acrylamide or propargylamide fragment that binds covalently to Cys797 within the kinase domain of EGFR. We performed a systematic exploration of the role for the warhead group, introducing different cysteine-trapping fragments at position 6 of a traditional 4-anilinoquinazoline scaffold. We found that different reactive groups, including epoxyamides (compounds 3-6) and phenoxyacetamides (compounds 7-9), were able to irreversibly inhibit EGFR. In particular, at significant lower concentrations than gefitinib (1), (2R,3R)N-(4-(3-bromoanilino)quinazolin-6-yl)- 3 -(piperidin-1 -ylmethyl)oxirane-2-carboxamide (6) inhibited EGFR autophosphorylation and downstream signaling pathways, suppressed proliferation, and induced apoptosis in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC H1975 cells, harboring the T790M mutation in EGFR.
- Carmi, Caterina,Cavazzoni, Andrea,Vezzosi, Stefano,Bordi, Fabrizio,Vacondio, Federica,Silva, Claudia,Rivara, Silvia,Lodola, Alessio,Alfieri, Roberta R.,La Monica, Silvia,Galetti, Maricla,Ardizzoni, Andrea,Petronini, Pier Giorgio,Mor, Marco
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scheme or table
p. 2038 - 2050
(2010/08/20)
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- Hybrid compound design to overcome the gatekeeper T338M mutation in cSrc
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The emergence of drug resistance remains a fundamental challenge in the development of kinase inhibitors that are effective over long-term treatments. Allosteric inhibitors that bind to sites lying outside the highly conserved ATP pocket are thought to be more selective than ATP-competitive inhibitors and may circumvent some mechanisms of drug resistance. Crystal structures of type I and allosteric type III inhibitors in complex with the tyrosine kinase cSrc allowed us to employ principles of structure-based design to develop these scaffolds into potent type II kinase inhibitors. One of these compounds, 3c (RL46), disrupts FAK-mediated focal adhesions in cancer cells via direct inhibition of cSrc. Details gleaned from crystal structures revealed a key feature of a subset of these compounds, a surprising flexibility in the vicinity of the gatekeeper residue that allows these compounds to overcome a dasatinib-resistant gatekeeper mutation emerging in cSrc.
- Getlik, Matth?us,Grütter, Christian,Simard, Jeffrey R.,Klüter, Sabine,Rabiller, Matthias,Rode, Haridas B.,Robubi, Armin,Rauh, Daniel
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 3915 - 3926
(2009/12/28)
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- The combi-targeting concept: Synthesis of stable nitrosoureas designed to inhibit the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)
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According to the "combi-targeting" concept, the EGFR tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitory potency of compounds termed "combi-molecules" is critical for selective growth inhibition of tumor cells with disordered expression of EGFR or its closest family member erbB2. Here we report on the optimization of the EGFR TK inhibitory potency of the combi-molecules of the nitrosourea class by comparison with their aminoquinazoline and ureidoquinazoline precursors. This led to the discovery of a new structural parameter that influences their EGFR TK inhibitory potency, i.e., the torsion angle between the plane of the quinazoline ring and the ureido or the nitrosoureido moiety of the synthesized drugs. Compounds (3′-Cl and Br series) with small angles (0.5-3°) were generally stronger EGFR TK inhibitors than those with large angles (18-21°). This was further corroborated by ligand-receptor van der Waals interaction calculations that showed significant binding hindrance imposed by large torsion angles in the narrow ATP cleft of EGFR. Selective antiproliferative studies in a pair of mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells, one of which NIH3T3/neu being transfected with the erbB2 oncogene, showed that IC50 values for inhibition of EGFR TK could be good predictors of their selective potency against the serum-stimulated growth of the erbB2-tranfected cell line (Pearson r = 0.8). On the basis of stability (t1/2), EGFR TK inhibitory potency (IC50), and selective erbB2 targeting, compound 23, a stable nitrosourea, was considered to have the structural requirements for further development.
- Domarkas, Juozas,Dudouit, Fabienne,Williams, Christopher,Qiyu, Qiu,Banerjee, Ranjita,Brahimi, Fouad,Jean-Claude, Bertrand Jacques
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p. 3544 - 3552
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of half-mustard combi-molecules with fluorescence properties: Correlation with EGFR status
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The synthesis of 6-(2-chloroethylamino)-4-anilinoquinazolines ZR2002 and ZR2003 designed to block EGFR tyrosine kinase and to damage genomic DNA is described. These compounds present fluorescence properties that permitted the quantitation of their subcellular uptake by flow cytometry. Fluorescence intensities increased with increasing levels of EGFR in a panel of isogenic and established cell lines.
- Rachid, Zakaria,Brahimi, Fouad,Domarkas, Juozas,Jean-Claude, Bertrand Jacques
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p. 1135 - 1138
(2007/10/03)
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- High-affinity epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) irreversible inhibitors with diminished chemical reactivities as positron emission tomography (PET)-imaging agent candidates of EGFR overexpressing tumors
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Previous studies with the anilinoquinazoline epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) irreversible inhibitor [11C]-ML03 demonstrated a rapid metabolism of the tracer, which led to its low in vivo accumulation in EGFR overexpressing tumors. To enhance tumor uptake, the chemical structure of the compound was modified, and four new groups of EGFR inhibitors with a wide range of chemical reactivities were synthesized. Chemical reactivity assay of the compounds, performed with reduced glutathione (GSH), revealed that the group C (4-(dimethylamino)-but-2-enoic amide) derivative was the least chemically reactive against the nucleophilic attack of GSH. Nonetheless, it demonstrated a high inhibitory potency and bound irreversibly to the EGFR. Consequently, the blood stability of the group C compound (5a, ML04) labeled with 11C was studied. In a time frame of 60 min, no radioactive metabolites were detected in blood. The stability of [11C]-5a, as indicated both from in vitro blood-stability assays and injection into nude rats, was significantly higher as compared to [11C]-ML03. Since group C presented a greater promise for tumor accumulation, it represents, to date, the most suitable candidate for radiolabeling with long-lived positron emission tomography (PET) radioisotopes.
- Mishani, Eyal,Abourbeh, Galith,Jacobson, Orit,Dissoki, Samar,Ben Daniel, Revital,Rozen, Yulia,Shaul, Mazal,Levitzki, Alexander
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p. 5337 - 5348
(2007/10/03)
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- Quinazoline derivatives and therapeutic use thereof
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Quinazoline derivatives represented by the general formula pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, and compositions containing such compounds are described. Methods for using the compounds for treatment of hyperproliferative disorders are also described.
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Page/Page column 10
(2008/06/13)
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- SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLINE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS
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This invention provides compounds of formula (1) wherein X is C3-7 cycloalkyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or phenyl ring optionally substituted as described in claim 1, R1, R3 and R4 are chosen from the groups listed in claim 1. R2 is chosen from various unsaturated acyl groups listed in claim 1, with certain compounds being disclaimed. Use as tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of cancer and certain kidney diseases such as polycystic kidney disease.
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- 4-ANILIDO SUBSTITUTED QUINAZOLINES AND USE THEREOF AS INHIBITORS OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR KINASES
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The present invention provides 4-anilido substituted quinazoline compounds which are potent inhibitors of protein tyrosine (PTK) kinase activity, particularly epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase activity, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The present invention further provides methods of inhibiting the activity of a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK), for example an EGFR kinase, comprising the step of contacting the PTK with an effective inhibitory amount of any of the quinazoline compounds defined herein. The present invention further provides a method of inhibiting the activity of a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) in a subject, for example an EGFR kinase, comprising the step of administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of any of the quinazoline compounds defined herein. The present invention further provides a method of treating or preventing a protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) related disorder in a subject, for example an EGFR related disorder, comprising the step of administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of any of the quinazoline compounds defined herein. The quinazoline compounds are useful in treating a variety of PTK related disorders such as cell proliferative disorders, fibrotic disorders, metabolic disorders and cancer.
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- Novel iodine-124 labeled EGFR inhibitors as potential PET agents for molecular imaging in cancer
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The in vivo results with our previously reported irreversible labeled inhibitor [11C]-ML03 suggested that more chemically stable inhibitors, labeled with a longer-lived radioisotope, could be better candidates for molecular imaging of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) positive tumors. On the basis of this hypothesis we synthesized three new irreversible tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitors with various chemical reactivities. The three new inhibitors were successfully labeled on the anilino moiety with [ 124I], starting with the 6-amino-4-[(3-tributylstannylphenyl)amino]- quinazoline (9) precursor. The cell-free results, obtained with these new irreversible inhibitors, indicated that compounds 5 (α-chloro-acetamide derivative) and 6 (4-dimethylamino-but-2-enoic amide derivative) possessed high potencies toward the EGFR with an irreversible inhibition effect. Compound 4 (α-methoxy-acetamide derivative) was found to be less potent, with only a partially irreversible effect. The high potency of compounds 5 and 6 toward the EGFR establishes their potential as PET agents for molecular imaging of EGFR positive tumors. Their prospect as PET biomarkers is further being investigated.
- Shaul, Mazal,Abourbeh, Galith,Jacobson, Orit,Rozen, Yulia,Laky, Desideriu,Levitzki, Alexander,Mishani, Eyal
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p. 3421 - 3429
(2007/10/03)
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- USE OF QUINAZOLINE COMPOUNDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE
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This invention provides a method of treating or inhibiting polycystic kidney disease in a mammal in need thereof which comprises administering to said mammal a compound having formula (1) wherein X is phenyl which is optionally substituted; R and R1 are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, or trifluoromethyl; R2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, trifluoromethyl; Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g); R3 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, carboxy, carboalkoxy, phenyl, or carboalkyl; n = 2-4; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with the proviso that each R3 of Y may be the same or different.
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- The combi-targeting concept: Chemical dissection of the dual targeting properties of a series of "combi-triazenes"
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The combi-targeting concept postulates that a molecule termed a "combi-molecule" designed to interact with an oncoreceptor on its own and allowed to further degrade to another more stable inhibitor of the latter receptor + a DNA-damaging species should be more potent than the individual combination of the same inhibitor with a DNA-damaging agent in cells expressing the targeted receptor. Recently, using the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a target, we demonstrated the feasibility of combi-molecules with dual EGFR/DNA-targeting properties and with the ability to degrade to another potent inhibitor of EGFR. However, despite a clear demonstration of their superior potency when compared with classical combinations in EGFR-expressing cells, the true contribution of each fragment of the combi-molecules to their overall antiproliferative activity remained elusive. Here, we report a structure-function approach whereby a series of quinazoline-based "combi-triazenes" were altered to either abrogate the affinity of the EGFR-targeting quinazoline head or to suppress the DNA-damaging property of the triazene tail. The results showed that (a) inactivation of the quinazoline head by appending an N-methylaniline group to its 4-position reduced EGFR tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitory activity by ca. 200-fold and decreased the ability of the combi-molecule to block serum-induced growth stimulation in c-erbB2 transfected NIH3T3 cells by ca. 10-fold, (b) abrogation of the alkylating activity or the DNA-damaging potential of the triazene tail by forming 3,3-dimethyltriazenes did not suppress EGFR TK inhibitory affinity but decreased the antiproliferative activity in basal growth assays, and (c) the antiproliferative activities of the monoalkyltriazenes that possessed binary EGFR TK inhibitory and alkylating activities were superior to those of their monotargeted counterparts. The results in toto suggest that each component of the dual targeting property of combi-triazenes plays a critical role in their overall antiproliferative activity.
- Rachid, Zakaria,Brahimi, Fouad,Katsoulas, Athanasia,Teoh, Nicole,Jean-Claude, Bertrand J.
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p. 4313 - 4321
(2007/10/03)
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- Method of treating or inhibiting colonic polyps
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This invention provides a method of treating or inhibiting colonic polyps in a mammal in need thereof which comprises administering to said mammal a compound having the formula wherein:X is phenyl which is optionally substituted;R and R1 are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, or trifluoromethyl;R2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, trifluoromethyl;Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of R3 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, carboxy, carboalkoxy, phenyl, or carboalkyl;n=2-4;or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with the proviso that each R3 of Y may be the same or different.
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- Substituted quinazoline derivatives
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This invention provides compounds of formula 1 having the structure wherein: X, R1, R2, R3, R4, Z, X, and n are as defined hereinbefore in the specification, which are useful as antineoplastic agents and in the treatment of certain kidney diseases, such as polycystic kidney disease.
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- 6-Substituted-4-(3-bromophenylamino)quinazolines as putative irreversible inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-2) tyrosine kinases with enhanced antitumor activity
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A series of new 6-substituted-4-(3-bromophenylamino)quinazoline derivatives that may function as irreversible inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-2) tyrosine kinases have been prepared. These inhibitors have, at the C-6 position, butynamide, crotonamide, and methacrylamide Michael acceptors bearing water-solublilizing substituents. These compounds were prepared by acylation of 6-amino-4-(3-bromophenylamino)quinazoline with unsaturated acid chlorides or mixed anhydrides. We show that attaching a basic functional group onto the Michael acceptor results in greater reactivity, due to intramolecular catalysis of the Michael addition and/or an inductive effect of the protonated basic group. This, along with improved water solubility, results in compounds with enhanced biological properties. We present molecular modeling and experimental evidence that these inhibitors interact covalently with the target enzymes. One compound, 16a, was shown to have excellent oral activity in a human epidermoid carcinoma (A431) xenograft model in nude mice.
- Tsou,Mamuya,Johnson,Reich,Gruber,Ye,Nilakantan,Shen,Discafani,DeBlanc,Davis,Koehn,Greenberger,Wang,Wissner
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p. 2719 - 2734
(2007/10/03)
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- Method of treating polycystic kidney disease
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This invention provides a method of treating or inhibiting polycystic kidney disease in a mammal in need thereof which comprises administering to said mammal a compound having the formula STR1 wherein: X is phenyl which is optionally substituted; R and R1 are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, or trifluoromethyl; R2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, trifluoromethyl; Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of STR2 R3 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, carboxy, carboalkoxy, phenyl, or carboalkyl; n=2-4; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with the proviso that each R3 of Y may be the same or different.
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- Tyrosine kinase inhibitors. 5. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships for 4-[(phenylmethyl)amino]- and 4-(phenylamino)quinazolines as potent adenosine 5'-triphosphate binding site inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor
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A series of 4-substituted quinazolines and related compounds have been prepared and evaluated for their ability to inhibit the tyrosine kinase activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor on a phospholipase C-γ1- derived substrate. The results show a narrow structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the basic ring system, with quinazoline being the preferred chromophore and benzylamino and anilino the preferred side chains. In the 4- anilino series, substitution on the 3-position of the phenyl ring with small lipophilic electron-withdrawing groups provided analogues with enhanced potency. Two series of compounds [4-(phenylmethyl)amino and 4-(3- bromophenyl)amino] were studied to determine SARs for quinazoline substituents. In the more active 4-(3-bromophenyl)amino series, electron- donating groups (NH2, OMe) at the 6- or 7-position increased activity, in a pattern consistent with a requirement for high electron density in the vicinity of the 8-position of the quinazoline ring. The 6,7-dimethoxy derivatives were the most effective in both series, with the 4-(3- bromophenyl)amino derivative (3) having an IC50 of 0.029 nM, making it by far the most potent reported inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase activity of the epidermal growth factor receptor enzyme.
- Rewcastle,Denny,Bridges,Zhou,Cody,McMichael,Fry
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p. 3482 - 3487
(2007/10/02)
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