- Integrating Hydrogen Production and Transfer Hydrogenation with Selenite Promoted Electrooxidation of α-Nitrotoluenes to E-Nitroethenes
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Developing an electrochemical carbon-added reaction with accelerated kinetics to replace the low-value and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is markedly significant to pure hydrogen production. Regulating the critical steps to precisely design electrode materials to selectively synthesize targeted compounds is highly desirable. Here, inspired by the surfaced adsorbed SeOx2? promoting OER, NiSe is demonstrated to be an efficient anode enabling α-nitrotoluene electrooxidation to E-nitroethene with up to 99 % E selectivity, 89 % Faradaic efficiency, and the reaction rate of 0.25 mmol cm?2 h?1 via inhibiting side reactions for energy-saving hydrogen generation. The high performance can be associated with its in situ formed NiOOH surface layer and absorbed SeOx2? via Se leaching-oxidation during electrooxidation, and the preferential adsorption of two -NO2 groups of intermediate on NiOOH. A self-coupling of α-carbon radicals and subsequent elimination of a nitrite molecule pathway is proposed. Wide substrate scope, scale-up synthesis of E-nitroethene, and paired productions of E-nitroethene and hydrogen or N-protected aminoarenes over a bifunctional NiSe electrode highlight the promising potential. Gold also displays a similar promoting effect for α-nitrotoluene transformation like SeOx2?, rationalizing the strategy of designing materials to suppress side reactions.
- Chong, Xiaodan,Liu, Cuibo,Wang, Changhong,Yang, Rong,Zhang, Bin
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supporting information
p. 22010 - 22016
(2021/09/02)
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- Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Asymmetric Desymmetrization of para-Quinamines with Isocyanates: Access to Functionalized Imidazolidin-2-one Derivatives
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The development of enantioselective desymmetrization of para-quinamines with isocyanates catalyzed by chiral phosphoric acid is reported. The strategy provides concise access to functionalized imidazolidin-2-one derivatives in high yields and enantioselectivities under mild reaction conditions. Remarkably, this reaction could be performed on a gram scale using 5 mol % catalyst loading and the chiral imidazolidin-2-one derivatives could be easily transformed into valuable scaffolds without disturbing the enantiopurity, demonstrating the synthetic utility of this protocol.
- Hu, Kai-Wen,You, Xiao,Wang, Jin-Zheng,Wen, Xiaoan,Sun, Hongbin,Xu, Qing-Long,Lai, Zengwei
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supporting information
p. 7873 - 7877
(2021/10/20)
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- Nanoceria as an efficient and green catalyst for the chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines under the solvent-free conditions
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Nanocerium oxide mediated an efficient and green protocol has been described for the chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines under the solvent-free conditions at ambient temperature. Various aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic amines were protected using developed protocol and several functional groups such as alcohol, phenol and ester were well tolerated under these conditions. The rapid reaction rate, mild conditions, very good functional group tolerance, excellent yield, solvent-free, easy recovery products and excellent catalyst recyclability are the advantages of this protocol. This makes the protocol feasible, economical and environmentally benign.
- Garad, Dnyaneshwar N.,Ingale, Ajit P.,Shinde, Sandeep V.,Ukale, Dattatraya
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supporting information
p. 1656 - 1668
(2021/04/05)
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- Sulfated tungstate: A highly efficient, recyclable and ecofriendly catalyst for chemoselective N-tert butyloxycarbonylation of amines under the solvent-free conditions
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Sulfated tungstate catalyzed an efficient and ecofriendly protocol has been described for the chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines under the solvent-free conditions at room temperature. The variety of functionalized aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic amines efficiently undergoes the N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation under the developed protocol. The aminoalcohol, aminophenol, aminoester as well as various chiral amines underwent the chemoselective N-Boc protection under the optimized reaction condition. The rapid reaction rate, mild conditions, very good functional group tolerance, excellent yield, solvent-free, easy recovery products and excellent catalyst recyclability are the advantages of this protocol. This makes the protocol feasible, economical and environmentally benign.
- Ingale, Ajit P.,Shinde, Sandeep V.,Thorat, Nitin M.
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supporting information
p. 2528 - 2543
(2021/07/02)
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- Thiamine hydrochloride as a recyclable organocatalyst for the efficient and chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines
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Thiamin hydrochloride promoted highly efficient and ecofriendly approach has been described for the chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines under solvent-free conditions at ambient temperature. The demonstrated approach has been applicable for the N-Boc protection of variety of aliphatic, aryl, heteroaryl amines. The chemoselective protection of amino group occurs in chiral amines and amino alcohol without racemization in high yield. Thiamin hydrochloride is stable, economical, easy to handle and environmentally friendly.
- Ingale, Ajit P.,Garad, Dnyaneshwar N.,Ukale, Dattatraya,Thorat, Nitin M.,Shinde, Sandeep V.
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supporting information
p. 3791 - 3804
(2021/11/04)
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- Base-Mediated Generation of Ketenimines from Ynamides: [3+2] Annulation with Azaallyl Anions
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Under basic conditions and heat, ynamides can serve as precursors to ketenimines, whose synthetic potential is often hampered by their difficulty of access. Herein, we report that they can undergo a [3+2] cycloaddition with 2-azaallyl anions, obtained from benzylimines under the same reaction conditions. This reaction between two highly reactive intermediates, both generated in situ from bench stable starting materials, gives access to various nitrogen-rich heterocycles. The reaction usually proceeds with excellent diastereoselectivity, in favor of the cis adduct. Deuteration experiments and DFT calculations helped rationalize the regio- and stereoselectivity of the process as well as the formation of side products. (Figure presented.).
- D'Hollander, Agathe C. A.,Romero, Eugénie,Vijayakumar, Kamsana,Le Houérou, Camille,Retailleau, Pascal,Dodd, Robert H.,Iorga, Bogdan I.,Cariou, Kevin
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supporting information
p. 2903 - 2908
(2021/04/21)
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- Modular counter-Fischer?indole synthesis through radical-enolate coupling
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A single-electron transfer mediated modular indole formation reaction from a 2-iodoaniline derivative and a ketone has been developed. This transition-metal-free reaction shows a broad substrate scope and unconventional regioselectivity trends. Moreover, important functional groups for further transformation are tolerated under the reaction conditions. Density functional theory studies reveal that the reaction proceeds by metal coordination, which converts a disfavored 5-endo-trig cyclization to an accessible 7-endo-trig process.
- Chung, Hyunho,Kim, Jeongyun,Gonzalez-Montiel, Gisela A.,Cheong, Paul Ha-Yeon,Lee, Hong Geun
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supporting information
p. 1096 - 1102
(2021/01/26)
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- Ultrasound promoted environmentally benign, highly efficient, and chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines by reusable sulfated polyborate
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The sulfated polyborate catalyzed an efficient and chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of amines under ultrasonic irradiation is developed. A broad substrate scope has been demonstrated for N-Boc protection of various primary/secondary amines. It allows converting several aliphatic/aryl/heteroaryl amines, amino alcohol, aminoester, and chiral amines to their N-Boc-protected derivatives under solvent-free conditions with excellent yields. The protocol has several advantages such as easy catalyst, and product isolation, short reaction time, excellent yields, outstanding chemoselectivity, and catalyst recyclability, among others. This makes the process practicable, economical, and environmentally benign.
- Pise, Ashok S.,Ingale, Ajit P.,Dalvi, Navnath R.
-
supporting information
p. 3768 - 3780
(2021/10/26)
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- Highly efficient chemoselective N-tert butoxycarbonylation of aliphatic/aromatic/heterocyclic amines using diphenylglycoluril as organocatalyst
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An efficient approach for the Chemoselective N-tert-butoxycarbonylation of a variety of amines using diphenylglycoluril as organocatalyst has been described. For the first time, a plausible mechanism for the N-tert-butoxycarbonylation has been proposed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported by NMR studies. The reusability of the organocatalyst and observation of the desired N-Boc protected amines being formed without the formation of side products like urea, oxazolidinone, isocyanate, and N, N-di-Boc derivatives makes the present protocol desirable.
- Awasthi, Amardeep,Mukherjee, Anagh,Singh, Mandeep,Rathee, Garima,Vanka, Kumar,Chandra, Ramesh
-
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- A Greener Approach for the Chemoselective Boc Protection of Amines Using Sulfonated Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Catalyst in Metal- And Solvent-Free Conditions
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Sulfonated reduced graphene oxide (SrGO) has displayed great potential as a solid acid catalyst due to its efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and reliability. In this study, SrGO was synthesized by the introduction of sulfonic acid-containing aryl radicals onto chemically reduced graphene oxide using ultrasonication. The SrGO catalyst was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Further, SrGO was effectively utilized as a metal-free and reusable solid acid catalyst for the chemoselective N - t -Boc protection of various aromatic and aliphatic amines under solvent-free conditions. The N - t -Boc protection of amines was easily achieved under ambient conditions affording high yields (84-95percent) in very short reaction times (5 min-2 h). The authenticity of the approach was confirmed by a crystal structure. The catalyst could be easily recovered and was reused up to seven consecutive catalytic cycles without any substantial loss in its activity.
- Awasthi, Satish K.,Mishra, Anupam,Mittal, Rupali
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p. 591 - 601
(2020/02/13)
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- PRODUCTION METHOD FOR AMIDATE COMPOUND
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A method for producing an amidate compound represented by Formula (3), comprising reacting a urethane compound represented by Formula (1) with a carboxylate compound represented by Formula (2): (in the formulas, A, n, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, X, and a are as described in the Description).
- -
-
Paragraph 0138-0140
(2020/02/13)
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- Amidate compound, catalyst for polyurethane production, and method for producing polyurethane resin
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Provided is an amidate compound represented by the formula (1): wherein A is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, n is an integer of 1 or more, and D is a nitrogen-containing organic group represented by the formula (2): wherein R1, R2, and R3 are the same or different, and are each a hydrocarbon group that may contain a heteroatom; some or all of R1, R2, and R3 may be bonded together to form a ring structure; X is a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, or a sulfur atom; and a is 0 or 1, wherein a is 1 when X is a nitrogen atom, and a is 0 when X is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
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-
Page/Page column 125
(2020/07/09)
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- Tert-Butyl(3-cyano-4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)carbonate as a green and chemoselective N-tert-butoxycarbonylation reagent
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The use of tert-butyl(3-cyano-4,6-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)carbonate as a chemoselective tert-butoxycarbonylation reagent for aromatic and aliphatic amines has been demonstrated. To gain insight into this reaction, in situ React IR technology was used to confirm the effectivity and chemoselectivity of this novel Boc reagent. The reaction was carried out chemoselectively in high yield under mild, environment-friendly conditions and was completed quickly within 1 hour. Simultaneously, the Boc carrier was easily recyclable, and has great application prospects for industrial production.
- Du, Fangyu,Zhou, Qifan,Fu, Yang,Zhao, Hanqi,Chen, Yuanguang,Chen, Guoliang
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supporting information
p. 6549 - 6554
(2019/05/04)
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- Direct conversion of carboxylic acids to various nitrogen-containing compounds in the one-pot exploiting curtius rearrangement
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Herein we report, a single-pot multistep conversion of inactivated carboxylic acids to various N-containing compounds using a common synthetic methodology. The developed methodology rendered the use of carboxylic acids as a direct surrogate of primary amines, for the synthesis of primary ureas, secondary/tertiary ureas, O/S-carbamates, benzoyl ureas, amides, and N-formyls, exploiting the Curtius reaction. This approach has a potential to provide a diversified library of N-containing compounds, starting from a single carboxylic acid, based on the selection of the nucleophile.
- Kumar, Arun,Kumar, Naveen,Sharma, Ritika,Bhargava, Gaurav,Mahajan, Dinesh
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p. 11323 - 11334
(2019/09/10)
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- A new bifunctional heterogeneous nanocatalyst for one-pot reduction-Schiff base condensation and reduction-carbonylation of nitroarenes
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In this work, synthesis of Pd-NHC-γ-Fe2O3-n-butyl-SO3H and its activity as a bifunctional heterogeneous nanocatalyst containing Pd-NHC and acidic functional groups, are described. This newly synthesized nanomagnetic catalyst is fully characterized by different methods such as FT-IR, XPS, TEM, VSM, ICP and TG analysis. At first, the catalytic activity of Pd-NHC-γ-Fe2O3-n-butyl-SO3H is evaluated for the reduction of nitroarenes in aqueous media using NaBH4 as a clean source of hydrogen generation at ambient temperature. Using the promising results obtained from the nitroarene reduction, this catalytic system is used for two one-pot protocols including reduction-Schiff base condensation and reduction-carbonylation of various nitroarenes. In these reactions the in situ formed amines are further reacted with aldehydes to yield imines or carbonylated to amides. The desired products are obtained in good to high yields in the presence of Pd-NHC-γ-Fe2O3-n-butyl-SO3H as a bifunctional catalyst. The catalyst is reused with the aid of a magnetic bar for up to six consecutive cycles without any drastic loss of its catalytic activity.
- Sobhani, Sara,Chahkamali, Farhad Omarzehi,Sansano, José Miguel
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p. 1362 - 1372
(2019/01/24)
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- Synthesis of Sterically Congested Carbamates of Carbohydrates through Organic Base Catalysis
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4,6-O-Benzylidene acetal protected α-methoxy D-glucose and D-glucosamine are useful building blocks for the syntheses of carbohydrate derivatives and functional molecular assemblies. In this research, we have developed a general method for the preparation of C-3 carbamate derivatives of densely functionalized glucose and glucosamine with isocyanates using organic bases as catalysts. Without a suitable catalyst, the C-3 hydroxy group of the glucosamine derivative could not be converted into the corresponding carbamates when treated with isocyanates. Several organic bases were screened as the catalysts for the reactions, and we discovered that 5.0 molpercent of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) was an effective catalyst for the carbamoylation reaction. A library of both alkyl and aryl carbamate derivatives of the two sterically congested carbohydrates have been effectively synthesized using the current method.
- Chen, Anji,Wang, Dan,Samankumara, Lalith P.,Wang, Guijun
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supporting information
p. 2897 - 2908
(2019/07/22)
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- Organic/inorganic Fe3O4@MCM-41@Zr-piperazine: An impressive magnetite nanocatalyst for N-Tert-Butoxycarbonylation of amines
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Fe3O4@MCM-41@Zirconium magnetic nanoparticles modified with piperazine (Fe3O4@MCM-41@Zr-piperazine), as a newly reported catalyst, shows excellent catalytic activity in N-tertbutoxycarbonylation of amines under the mild and solvent-free conditions. Accordingly, different derivatives of N-tert-butylcarbamates owning diverse aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic amines were prepared efficiently. Good performance of this method for the majority of used complex or acidsensitive substrates and facile separation of this nanocatalyst due to its superparamagnetic nature from the reaction mixture via an external magnetic field for several times are the most important striking features of this protocol.
- Pourhasan-Kisomi, Reyhaneh,Shirini, Farhad,Golshekan, Mostafa
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p. 3859 - 3870
(2019/05/08)
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- Aryltrifluoromethylative cyclization of unactivated alkenes by the use of PhICF3Cl under catalyst-free conditions
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A concise and catalyst-free aryltrifluoromethylative cyclization of unactivated alkenes has been developed herein. The use of PhICF3Cl as a powerful trifluoromethylating agent allows easy transformations. A set of trifluoroethylated carbocycles and aza-hereocycles were efficiently synthesized in good yield and selectivity. A broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and easy operation would make this method well-suited for applications.
- Guo, Jia,Xu, Cong,Liu, Xiaowei,Wang, Mang
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supporting information
p. 2162 - 2168
(2019/02/27)
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- N-Arylation of Carbamates through Photosensitized Nickel Catalysis
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A highly efficient method of visible light mediated Ni(II)-catalyzed photoredox N-arylation of Cbz-amines/Boc-amines with aryl electrophiles at room temperature is reported. The methodology provides a common access to a wide variety of N-aromatic and N-heteroaromatic carbamate products that find use in the synthesis of several biologically active molecules and provides a distinct advantage over traditional palladium-catalyzed Buchwald reaction.
- Reddy, Leleti Rajender,Kotturi, Sharadsrikar,Waman, Yogesh,Ravinder Reddy, Vudem,Patel, Chirag,Kobarne, Ajinath,Kuttappan, Sasikumar
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p. 13854 - 13860
(2018/10/31)
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- Nitrogen-Bridged, Natural Product Like Octahydrobenzofurans and Octahydroindoles: Scope and Mechanism of Bridge-Forming Reductive Amination via Caged Heteroadamantanes
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The biological significance of sp3-rich synthetic scaffolds with natural product like features yet distinct global frameworks is being increasingly recognized in medicinal chemistry and biochemistry. Taking inspiration from the vast array of bi
- Wales, Steven. M.,Adcock, Holly V.,Lewis, William,Hamza, Daniel,Moody, Christopher J.
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supporting information
p. 4696 - 4704
(2018/09/14)
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- Chemoselective: N-tert -butyloxycarbonylation of amines in glycerol
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A catalyst-free, efficient and green protocol has been developed for the chemoselective N-Boc protection of amines by using glycerol as a solvent at room temperature. A variety of functionalized amines, such as aliphatic, aromatic as well as heteroaromatic were protected using the developed protocol. N-tert-Butyloxycarbonylation derivatives were formed without the formation of isocyanate, urea, N,N-di-t-Boc, or oxazolidinone as side products. The operational simplicity, cleaner reaction, rapid reaction convergence, functional group tolerance, excellent yield, high selectivity, catalyst-free feature and solvent recyclability are the distinct advantages of this protocol. Owing to these merits, this protocol is feasible, economical and environmentally benign.
- Ingale, Ajit P.,More, Vishal K.,Gangarde, Uddhav S.,Shinde, Sandeep V.
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supporting information
p. 10142 - 10147
(2018/06/18)
-
- A chemical synthesis asymmetric structure dihalodiarylsulfone method (by machine translation)
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A chemical synthesis asymmetric structure dihalodiarylsulfone method, to substituted aniline compound 1 as a starting raw material, first on the aniline Ts (toluene sulfonyl) protection or Boc (tert-butoxy carbonyl) protection of the compound 2 or 4. Under the room temperature condition, compound 2 or 4 is dissolved in methanol or ethanol or isopropanol, then under the protection of nitrogen [...] diacetic acid [PhI (OAc)2 ] Oxidation to obtain compound 3 or 5. In the three ethylene diamine (DABCO) as catalyst and polyethylene glycol (PEG - 400) as reaction solvent 40 o C conditions, compound 5 with compound 6 in 1, 4 - conjugate addition reaction/sulfonylimines acylation reaction asymmetric structure dihalodiarylsulfone 7. The raw material is cheap and easy to obtain, reaction selectivity, and reaction solvent polyethylene glycol (PEG - 400) can be recycled 4 - 5 times less environmental pollution, high yield and easy application and the like. (by machine translation)
- -
-
Paragraph 0021; 0023
(2018/11/27)
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- Harnessing Cascade Suzuki-Cyclization Reactions of Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine for the Synthesis of Tetracyclic Fused Heteroaromatics
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Numerous procedures have been described for the functionalization of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, mainly involving nucleophilic substitutions at the C-4 position or esterifications/amidations at the C-5 position. In this paper, we describe a robust, easy to implement protocol for the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of chloroarene 2, followed by in-situ lactonization to provide chromenopyrazolopyridines. The extension of the scope of the reaction to fused naphthyridinones is also reported. This strategy gave access to 10 original pyrazolopyridine-containing tetracyclic compounds.
- Lavrard, Hubert,Popowycz, Florence
-
supporting information
p. 600 - 608
(2017/02/05)
-
- Sustainable and chemoselective N-Boc protection of amines in biodegradable deep eutectic solvent
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Abstract: A green and practical approach for the chemoselective N-tert-butyloxycarbonylation of structurally diverse amines with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (Boc2O) is described. Selective N-Boc protection was achieved in excellent yields in urea-choline chloride deep eutectic solvent (DES) as the most promising environmentally benign and cost-effective solvent under mild reaction condition. DES can protect various aromatic and aliphatic amines using Boc2O in good to excellent yields in short reaction times without any side products. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Azizi, Najmedin,Shirdel, Fatemeh
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p. 1069 - 1074
(2017/05/12)
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- Preparation, characterization and application of 1,4-disulfopiperazine-1,4-diium chloride ([Piper-(SO3H)2]·2Cl) as an efficient dicationic ionic catalyst for the N-Boc protection of amines
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In this work, 1,4-disulfopiperazine-1,4-diium chloride ([Piper-(SO3H)2]·2Cl), as a novel Br?nsted acidic ionic catalyst is synthesized and characterized using a series of techniques including FT-IR, TGA, DTA, SEM, pH analysis and Hammett acidity function. This substance can significantly catalyze the N-Boc protection of amines without solvent interference at room temperature. The advantages of this manner are chemoselectivity, short reaction times, suitable yields, excellent yields of the products, without solvent interference and ease of preparation as well as reusability of the catalyst.
- Koodehi, Tahereh Ghauri,Shirini, Farhad,Goli-Jolodar, Omid
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p. 443 - 456
(2017/01/10)
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- Access to Benzo[a]carbazoles and Indeno[1,2-c]quinolines by a Gold(I)-Catalyzed Tunable Domino Cyclization of Difunctional 1,2-Diphenylethynes
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The cyclization order of the difunctional 1,2-diphenylethynes was precisely tuned under the catalysis of gold by changing the nitrogen substitution of the substrates, leading to the facile preparation of benzo[a]carbazole and indeno[1,2-c]quinoline derivatives. The mechanisms of these domino cyclizations were probed by control experiments, and an insight into the selectivity of the cyclization was gained by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This research represents a unified and common method to access benzo[a]carbazoles and indeno[1,2-c]quinolines.
- Peng, Xiaoshi,Zhu, Lifeng,Hou, Yuqian,Pang, Yadong,Li, Yangming,Fu, Jiayue,Yang, Lu,Lin, Bin,Liu, Yongxiang,Cheng, Maosheng
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supporting information
p. 3402 - 3405
(2017/07/15)
-
- An Efficient Coupling of p-Quinone Mono-Imine Ketals and Aryl/Alkyl Thiols: Rapid Synthesis of Biaryl/Aryl–Alkyl Sulfides
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We report a fast, efficient, and metal-free protocol for the synthesis of unsymmetrical biaryl sulfides and aryl–alkyl sulfides (4-methoxy-2-sulfanyl-phenylcarbamates) under catalytic influence of 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid. The reaction proceeded in a regioselective anti-Michael addition fashion and all the products were obtained within a very short period of time and in good to excellent yields.
- Sharma, Arun,Peddinti, Rama Krishna
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p. 2230 - 2237
(2017/05/01)
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- Identification of a Water-Soluble Indirubin Derivative as Potent Inhibitor of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor through Structural Modification of the Parent Natural Molecule
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Indirubins have been identified as potent ATP-competitive protein kinase inhibitors. Structural modifications in the 5-and 3′-position have been extensively investigated, but the impact of substituents in 5′-position is not equally well-studied. Here, we report the synthesis of new indirubin 3′-and 5′-derivatives in the search of water-soluble indirubins by introducing basic centers. Antiproliferative activity of all compounds in tumor cells was evaluated along with kinase inhibition of selected compounds. The results show the 3′-position to tolerate large substituents without compromising activity, whereas bulk and rigid substituents in 5′-position appear unfavorable. Screening molecular targets of water-soluble 3′-oxime ethers revealed 6ha as preferential inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in a panel of 22 protein kinases and in cells. Consistently, 6ha inhibited tumor cell growth in the NCI 60 cell line panel and induced apoptosis. The results indicate that the 5′-position provides limited space for chemical modifications and identify 6ha as a potent water-soluble indirubin-based IGF-1R inhibitor.
- Cheng, Xinlai,Merz, Karl-Heinz,Vatter, Sandra,Zeller, Jochen,Muehlbeyer, Stephan,Thommet, Andrea,Christ, Jochen,W?lfl, Stefan,Eisenbrand, Gerhard
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p. 4949 - 4962
(2017/06/28)
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- Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Synthesis of Arylamines
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A novel approach has been developed for the synthesis of arylamines via the palladium-catalyzed intramolecular decarboxylative coupling (IDC) of aroyloxycarbamates, obtained in situ by reacting aryl carboxylic acids with hydroxycarbamates. The reaction offers facile access to structurally diverse arylamines with the site-specific formation of the C(sp2)-N bond under mild conditions.
- Dai, Qipu,Li, Peihe,Ma, Nuannuan,Hu, Changwen
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p. 5560 - 5563
(2016/11/17)
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- A dramatic enhancing effect of InBr3 towards the oxidative Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction of 2-ethynylanilines
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The addition of InBr3 to the oxidative Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction of 2-ethynylaniline with (E)-trimethyl(3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)silane led to a dramatic increase in the reactivity to afford the corresponding 1,3-enynes bearing a trifluoromethyl group on their terminal sp2 carbon. The subsequent cyclization of these 1,3-enynes under palladium catalysis provides access to the corresponding indoles bearing a 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl group at their 2-position.
- Ikeda,Omote,Kusumoto,Komori,Tarui,Sato,Ando
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supporting information
p. 2127 - 2133
(2016/02/18)
-
- Metal-free synthesis of fluorinated indoles enabled by oxidative dearomatization
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Nitrogen heterocycles are found in a majority of approved small-molecule pharmaceuticals, and the number of approved fluorinated drugs is increasing each decade. Therefore, new approaches for accessing fluorinated nitrogen heterocycles are of great significance. A novel, scalable, and metal-free method for accessing a wide range of fluorinated indoles is described. This oxidative-dearomatization-enabled approach assembles 2-trifluoromethyl NH-indole products from simple commercially available anilines with hexafluoroacetylacetone in the presence of an organic oxidant. The nature of the aniline N-capping group is critical for the success of this new reaction. Furthermore, the indole products contain a 3-trifluoroacetyl group, which can be exploited to access a plethora of useful functional groups.
- Vitaku, Edon,Smith, David T.,Njardarson, Jon T.
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supporting information
p. 2243 - 2247
(2016/02/18)
-
- Efficient Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Sulfamides via a Lossen-Like Rearrangement
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A convenient one-pot synthesis of unsymmetrical sulfamides via a Lossen-like rearrangement is reported. The protocol operates under simple conditions at room temperature and does not require an inert atmosphere and a dry solvent. The ability of N-hydroxy arenesulfonamide O-derivatives to generate under mild conditions N-sulfonylimine intermediates was a trigger point for developing a general synthetic strategy towards unsymmetrical sulfamides. The synthetic potential of the methodology has been investigated by preparing cyclic sulfamides and new potential chiral organocatalysts. (Figure presented.) .
- Pantaine, Lo?c,Richard, Fran?ois,Marrot, Jér?me,Moreau, Xavier,Coeffard, Vincent,Greck, Christine
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supporting information
p. 2012 - 2016
(2016/07/06)
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- Ligand-Promoted Meta-C-H Arylation of Anilines, Phenols, and Heterocycles
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Here we report the development of a versatile 3-acetylamino-2-hydroxypyridine class of ligands that promote meta-C-H arylation of anilines, heterocyclic aromatic amines, phenols, and 2-benzyl heterocycles using norbornene as a transient mediator. More than 120 examples are presented, demonstrating this ligand scaffold enables a wide substrate and coupling partner scope. Meta-C-H arylation with heterocyclic aryl iodides as coupling partners is also realized for the first time using this ligand. The utility for this transformation for drug discovery is showcased by allowing the meta-C-H arylation of a lenalidomide derivative. The first steps toward a silver-free protocol for this reaction are also demonstrated.
- Wang, Peng,Farmer, Marcus E.,Huo, Xing,Jain, Pankaj,Shen, Peng-Xiang,Ishoey, Mette,Bradner, James E.,Wisniewski, Steven R.,Eastgate, Martin D.,Yu, Jin-Quan
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supporting information
p. 9269 - 9276
(2016/08/05)
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- Pd(II)/Ag(I)-Promoted One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclic Ureas from (Hetero)Aromatic Amines and Isocyanates
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A simple and facile one-pot reaction has been developed to afford a diverse range of N,N′-disubstituted benzimidazolones and imidazopyridinones containing two differently substituted N atoms. A cooperative Pd(II)/Ag(I) system promotes the sequential addition/intramolecular C-H amidation reaction of (hetero)aromatic amines and isocyanates, leading to the formation of two C-N bonds. A mechanism involving radical intermediates generated by single-electron transfer (SET) in the presence of a Ag2CO3 oxidant and Pd(OAc)2 Lewis acid is proposed. This protocol offers an operationally easy, simple, and robust approach with the use of readily available starting materials, good functional group tolerance, and high efficiency.
- Youn, So Won,Kim, Yi Hyun
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supporting information
p. 6140 - 6143
(2016/12/09)
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- Direct Amidation of N-Boc- and N-Cbz-Protected Amines via Rhodium-Catalyzed Coupling of Arylboroxines and Carbamates
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N-Boc- and N-Cbz-protected amines are directly converted into amides by a novel rhodium-catalyzed coupling of arylboroxines and carbamates, replacing the traditional two-step deprotection-condensation sequence. Both protected anilines and aliphatic amines are efficiently transformed into a wide variety of secondary benzamides, including sterically hindered and electron-deficient amides, as well as in the presence of acid-labile and reducible functional groups.
- Lim, Diane S. W.,Lew, Tedrick T. S.,Zhang, Yugen
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supporting information
p. 6054 - 6057
(2016/01/09)
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- Stereoselective preparation of (1Z)- and (1E)-N-Boc-1-amino-1,3-dienes by stereospecific base-promoted 1,4-elimination
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The base-promoted 1,4-elimination reaction of N-Boc-1-amino-4-methoxy-2-alkene 1 is shown to proceed with perfect stereoselectivity to afford the corresponding N-Boc-1-amino-1,3-diene 2 in good yields. The reaction is highly stereospecific. The substrate
- Tayama, Eiji,Toma, Yuka
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supporting information
p. 554 - 559
(2015/02/18)
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- Palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of aromatic C-H bonds of N -alkylanilines with CO and alcohols for the synthesis of o -aminobenzoates
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A Pd(II)-catalyzed C-H monocarbonylation of N-alkylanilines for the synthesis of o-aminobenzoates has been developed. Various aliphatic alcohols and phenol were tolerated in the reaction to afford the corresponding o-aminobenzoates in good yields under mild balloon pressure of CO.
- Chen, Ming,Ren, Zhi-Hui,Wang, Yao-Yu,Guan, Zheng-Hui
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p. 1258 - 1263
(2015/01/30)
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- Copper-Catalyzed Regiospecific and 1,2-Regioselective Cyclopropanation of (1 Z)-1-Amino- and (1 Z)-1-Oxy-1,3-butadienyl Derivatives
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The copper-catalyzed regiospecific and 1,2-regioselective cyclopropanation of (1Z)-1-amino- and (1Z)-1-oxy-1,3-butadienyl derivatives, which could be prepared by Z-stereoselective 1,4-elimination with α-aryl diazoesters was successfully demonstrated. This successful regiospecific protocol enabled the preparation of the corresponding 1-amino- and 1-oxy-2-vinylcyclopropane derivatives as almost single stereoisomers.
- Tayama, Eiji,Saito, Shun
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supporting information
p. 1880 - 1884
(2015/08/06)
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- Installation of protected ammonia equivalents onto aromatic & heteroaromatic rings in water enabled by micellar catalysis
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A single set of conditions consisting of a palladium catalyst, a commercially available ligand, and a base, allow for several types of C-N bond constructions to be conducted in water with the aid of a commercially available "designer" surfactant (TPGS-750-M). Products containing a protected NH2 group in the form of a carbamate, sulfonamide, or urea can be fashioned starting with aryl or heteroaryl bromides, iodides, and in some cases, chlorides, as substrates. Reaction temperatures are in the range of room temperature to, at most, 50 °C, and result in essentially full conversion and good isolated yields.
- Isley, Nicholas A.,Dobarco, Sebastian,Lipshutz, Bruce H.
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supporting information
p. 1480 - 1488
(2014/03/21)
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- INHIBITORS OF THE MITF MOLECULAR PATHWAY
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Provided herein are compounds of the formula (IV) as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the substituents are as those disclosed in the specification. These compounds, and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them, are useful as MITF inhibitors, MITF pathway inhibitors and for the treatment of cancer.
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Paragraph 00173
(2015/01/09)
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- PdCl2 catalyzed efficient assembly of organic azides, CO, and alcohols under mild conditions: A direct approach to synthesize carbamates
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A simple and readily available PdCl2 catalyzed carbamate synthesis method via isocyanate generation and application in situ has been developed. This chemistry provides an efficient and practical approach to synthesize carbamates from simple organic azides, CO atmosphere and alcohols. The broad scope, mild and neutral conditions, and only N2 as the byproduct make this transformation very useful. Moreover, simple examples of modification of bioactive molecules and construction of macrocycles were achieved through this protocol. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Ren, Long,Jiao, Ning
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p. 3706 - 3709
(2014/04/03)
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- N-Protection of amines using pyridinium 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate ionic liquid as an efficient and reusable catalyst
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A simple, green, and efficient method for the N-tert-butoxycarbonylation of amines by pyridinium 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate ([Py][OTf]) as an efficient and reusable catalyst is reported. In general, electron donating groups on aryl group give rise to the higher yields than electron withdrawing groups. Clean reaction, short reaction times, high yields, reusability of catalyst, and easy preparation of it are some advantages of this work.
- Karimian, Somaye,Tajik, Hassan
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p. 218 - 220
(2014/02/14)
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- A simple, rapid, and efficient N-Boc protection of amines under ultrasound irradiation and catalyst-free conditions
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A green and simple approach for the N-Boc protection on structurally diverse amines under ultrasound irradiation is described. Selective N-Boc protection was achieved in excellent isolated yield in a short reaction time at room temperature. Mild conditions, inexpensive and an easily available reagent, and absence of any auxiliary substances are the main advantages of this procedure. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Amira, Aicha,K'Tir, Hacene,Berredjem, Malika,Aouf, Nour-Eddine
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p. 509 - 515
(2014/03/21)
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- Water at elevated temperatures (WET): Reactant, catalyst, and solvent in the selective hydrolysis of protecting groups
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Water at elevated temperatures (WET) can act simultaneously as reactant, solvent, and catalyst in reaction processes. WET has been successfully employed in the removal of protecting groups alleviating the need for added strong acids/bases, subsequent neutralization and waste salt elimination. The protocols for the water-mediated removal of several common protecting groups such as tert-butyl carbamates (N-Boc) from 125 to 150 °C, acetamide (N-Ac) at 275 °C and acetate esters (O-Ac) at 250 °C are reported for different model aryl compounds. In addition, high yields and selective deprotection of one protecting group in the presence of another by simply tuning the temperature is demonstrated. In order to gain further insights into reaction processes, the aqueous solubilities of several of the reactants, the kinetics and mechanisms associated with some of these reactions are also discussed. the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Medina-Ramos, Wilmarie,Mojica, Mike A.,Cope, Elizabeth D.,Hart, Ryan J.,Pollet, Pamela,Eckert, Charles A.,Liotta, Charles L.
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p. 2147 - 2155
(2014/04/17)
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- A 2,6-bis(phenylamino)pyridinato titanium catalyst for the highly regioselective hydroaminoalkylation of styrenes and 1,3-butadienes
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The C-C bond forming catalytic hydroaminoalkylation of terminal alkenes, 1,3-dienes, or styrenes allows a direct and highly atom efficient (100 %) synthesis of amines which can result in the formation of two regioisomers, the linear and the branched product. We present a new titanium catalyst with 2,6-bis(phenylamino)pyridinato ligands for intermolecular hydroaminoalkylation reactions of styrenes and 1-phenyl-1,3-butadienes that delivers the corresponding linear hydroaminoalkylation products with excellent regioselectivities. Linear progress: A new Ti complex with 2,6-bis(phenylamino) pyridinato ligands catalyzes highly regioselective hydroaminoalkylation reactions of styrenes. The process that directly gives access to the corresponding linear hydroaminoalkylation products offers a new and flexible synthetic approach towards pharmaceutically important 3-arylpropylamines. It is also possible to convert (E)-1-phenyl-1,3-butadienes into the corresponding linear products.
- Doerfler, Jaika,Preuss, Till,Schischko, Alexandra,Schmidtmann, Marc,Doye, Sven
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supporting information
p. 7918 - 7922
(2014/08/05)
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- Mild and general palladium-catalyzed synthesis of methyl aryl ethers enabled by the use of a palladacycle precatalyst
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A general method for the Pd-catalyzed coupling of methanol with (hetero)aryl halides is described. The reactions proceed under mild conditions with a wide range of aryl and heteroaryl halides to give methyl aryl ethers in high yield.
- Cheung, Chi Wai,Buchwald, Stephen L.
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supporting information
p. 3998 - 4001
(2013/09/02)
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- N-methylimidazole-catalyzed synthesis of carbamates from hydroxamic acids via the lossen rearrangement
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An efficient, one-pot, N-methylimidazole (NMI) accelerated synthesis of aromatic and aliphatic carbamates via the Lossen rearrangement is reported. NMI is a catalyst for the conversion of isocyanate intermediates to the carbamates. Moreover, the utility of arylsulfonyl chloride in combination with NMI minimizes the formation of often-observed hydroxamate-isocyanate dimers during the sequence. Under the present conditions, lowering of temperatures is also possible, enabling a mild protocol.
- Yoganathan, Sabesan,Miller, Scott J.
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p. 602 - 605
(2013/04/11)
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- Axially chiral dicarboxylic acid catalyzed activation of quinone imine ketals: Enantioselective arylation of enecarbamates
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The synthetic utility of quinone imine ketals in the context of asymmetric catalysis was disclosed for the first time. By expanding the utility of chiral Bronsted acid catalysis to the electrophilic activation of quinone imine ketals, we succeeded in the development of highly enantioselective arylation of encarbamates to give α-amino-β-aryl ethers wherein quinone imine ketals act as functionalized aromatic ring surrogate. Further transformations of the products were also examined to establish procedures to provide chiral β-aryl amines and α-aryl esters.
- Hashimoto, Takuya,Nakatsu, Hiroki,Takiguchi, Yuka,Maruoka, Keiji
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supporting information
p. 16010 - 16013
(2013/11/19)
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- Consecutive gold(I)-catalyzed cyclization reactions of o -(buta-1,3-diyn-1-yl-)-substituted N-aryl ureas: A one-pot synthesis of pyrimido[1,6- a ]indol-1(2 H)-ones and related systems
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Treatment of readily available o-(buta-1,3-diyn-1-yl-)-substituted N-aryl ureas such as 1 with the Au(I)-catalyst 11 affords, via a twofold cyclization process, the isomeric pyrimido[1,6-a]indol-1(2H)-one 3 in good yield.
- Sharp, Phillip P.,Banwell, Martin G.,Renner, Jens,Lohmann, Klaas,Willis, Anthony C.
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supporting information
p. 2616 - 2619
(2013/07/11)
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- Stereoselective synthesis of spirocyclic oxindoles based on a one-pot Ullmann coupling/Claisen rearrangement and its application to the synthesis of a hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole alkaloid
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An efficient and convenient approach to the synthesis of spirocyclic oxindoles from iodoindoles has been developed. The most striking feature of this approach is that the sequential intramolecular Ullmann coupling and Claisen rearrangement proceeds in a one-pot manner to afford 3-spiro-2-oxindoles in good yield with excellent diastereoselectivity. Application of this one-pot reaction to chiral non-racemic tertiary alcohol substrates resulted in complete chirality transfer to the spirocyclic quaternary carbon. Using this method, asymmetric total synthesis of (-)-debromoflustramine B was accomplished.
- Miyamoto, Hiroshi,Hirano, Tomohiro,Okawa, Yoichiro,Nakazaki, Atsuo,Kobayashi, Susumu
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supporting information
p. 9481 - 9493
(2013/10/08)
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