A poison.:;197004-63-0Relevant articles and documents
Design, synthesis, and radiosensitizing activities of sugar-hybrid hypoxic cell radiosensitizers
Nakae, Takashi,Uto, Yoshihiro,Tanaka, Motoko,Shibata, Haruna,Nakata, Eiji,Tominaga, Masahide,Maezawa, Hiroshi,Hashimoto, Toshihiro,Kirk, Kenneth L.,Nagasawa, Hideko,Hori, Hitoshi
, p. 675 - 682 (2008)
We have designed sugar-hybrid TX-1877 derivatives conjugated with sugar moieties including β-glucose (β-Glc), β-galactose (β-Gal), α-mannose (α-Man) and N-acetyl-β-galactosamine (β-GalNAc). Compound 1 (TX-1877) was glycosylated with appropriate peracetylated sugars using BF3-OEt2 to give acetylated sugar-hybrids, 5 (TX-2244), 6 (TX-2245), 7 (TX-2246), and 10 (TX-2243). Removal of the acetyl groups afforded the sugar-hybrids having free hydroxyl groups, 11 (TX-2141), 12 (TX-2218), 13 (TX-2217) and 14 (TX-2068). We evaluated their radiosensitizing activities by an in vitro radiosensitization assay. All free hydroxyl hybrids have lower enhancement ratio (ER) values (ER ≤ 1.43) and lower n-octanol/water partition coefficient (Poct) values (Poct -2) than does 1 (TX-1877, ER = 1.75, Poct: 5.60 × 10-2). All acetylated hybrids have similar Poct values (3.55 × 10-2-1.05 × 10-1) to 1 (TX-1877) and have improved ER values (ER ≥ 1.47) compared to the hybrids having free hydroxyl groups. Among these, 5 (TX-2244) is the most active radiosensitizer (ER = 2.30). We found a good correlation (r = 0.866) between the magnitude of Poct (logPoct) and the ER value of 5 (TX-2244), 6 (TX-2245), 7 (TX-2246), 10 (TX-2243) and 1 (TX-1877), suggesting that increasing the hydrophobicity is reflected in increased in vitro radiosensitizing activity. In the present study, we have succeeded in producing sugar-hybrid hypoxic cell radiosensitizers that have an increased radiosensitizing activity that does not depend on increased hydrophobicity.
New antimetastatic hypoxic cell radiosensitizers: Design, synthesis, and biological activities of 2-nitroimidazole-acetamide, TX-1877, and its analogues
Kasai, Soko,Nagasawa, Hideko,Yamashita, Mao,Masui, Mie,Kuwasaka, Hideki,Oshodani, Tomoko,Uto, Yoshihiro,Inomata, Taisuke,Oka, Shigenori,Inayama, Seiichi,Hori, Hitoshi
, p. 453 - 464 (2007/10/03)
We designed, based on the molecular orbital (MO) calculation, synthesized, and evaluated the biological activities of the new antimetastatic hypoxic cell radiosensitizer, 2-nitroimidazole-acetamide, TX-1877, and its analogues. Each analogue has an electron-affinic imidazole group, an acetamide group and a certain hydrophilic group to control its biological effect, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics. In in vitro radiosensitization assay, most TX-1877 analogues, which have an electron affinity (EA) of more than 0.9 eV and partition coefficient (P) of more than 0.021, showed satisfactory enhancement ratios (ER > 1.60) at doses of 1 mM. On the other hand, imidazole analogues, such as TX-1908 (EA = 0.67 eV), TX-1910 (EA = -0.34 eV) and TX-1931 (EA = -0.37 eV), which have low electron affinities, had an ER of 1.31 or less. TX-1877 and KIN-806 effectively inhibited tumor regrowth when administered with irradiation in vivo at a dose of 0.4 mg/g. Tumor lung metastasis was inhibited by treatment with either TX-1877 or KIN-806 without irradiation at a dose of 0.4 mg/g. TX-1877 reduced markedly the mean number of metastatic lung nodules in comparison with KIN-806. Moreover, TX-1877 and KIN-806 enhanced macrophage and helper T lymphocyte infiltration for 3 weeks after drug treatment. TX-1877 shows a high EA value and has the C2 of HOMO localizing on N-methylamide and the C2 of LUMO localizing on 2-nitroimidazole group. The MO data might be useful for designing a bifunctional hypoxic cell radiosensitizer. TX-1877 and its analogues are potential antimetastatic hypoxic cell radiosensitizers, which would improve the efficiency of radiotherapy and quality of life in cancer treatment.
