- OZONOLYTIC CLEAVAGE OF CYCLOALKENES TO TERMINALLY DIFFERENTIATED PRODUCTS
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A method is described by which alkoxy hydroperoxides, obtained by ozonising cycloalkenes in alcohol solution, can be converted into terminally differentiated products by the action of metal salts.Cyclohexene and cycloheptene were converted to 1,1-dimethoxy-5-chloropentane and 1,1-dimethoxy-6-chlorohexane respectively in 47percent yield, using ferric chloride.With ferrous sulphate as reactant salt, cyclooctene was converted into 1,1-dimethoxy-6-heptene.A synthesis of (Z)-4-heptenal from (Z,Z)-1,5-cyclooctadiene is also described.Fragmentation, causing the loss of one carbon atom, is a characteristic of these transformations.Other variations employed the salts as oxidants and reductants simultaneously.
- Cardinale, G.,Grimmelikhuysen, J. C.,Laan, J. A. M.,Ward, J. P.
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- DETECTION AND SYNTHESIS OF A SYNERGIST OF THE SEX PHEROMONE OF THE COTTON BOLLWORM
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The synergistic properties of docosa-5Z,17Z-diene - one of the by-products of the synthesis of the synthetic cotton bollworm pheromone - have been revealed.
- Buchina, I. K.,Kholbekov, O. Kh.,Abduvakhabov, A. A.
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- Cobalt-Catalyzed Csp3?Csp3Homocoupling
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An efficient and easy method for Csp3?Csp3homocoupling was developed using cobalt bromide as catalyst. A series of functionalized alkyl bromides and alkyl chlorides were coupled in high yields under mild conditions. This reaction seems to involve a radical intermediate. (Figure presented.).
- Cai, Yingxiao,Qian, Xin,Gosmini, Corinne
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supporting information
p. 2427 - 2430
(2016/08/16)
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- Gallium-catalyzed reductive chlorination of carboxylic acids with copper(II) chloride
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Described herein is the direct chlorination of carboxylic acids using copper(II) chloride via a gallium(III)-catalyzed reduction in the presence of a hydrosiloxane. During this reductive chlorination, the counteranions of CuCl2 functioned as a chloride source.
- Sakai, Norio,Nakajima, Takumi,Yoneda, Shinichiro,Konakahara, Takeo,Ogiwara, Yohei
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p. 10619 - 10623
(2015/02/19)
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- Characterization of polychlorinated alkane mixtures - A Monte Carlo modeling approach
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A Monte Carlo model was developed to characterize the molecular composition of polychlorinated alkane mixtures. The model is based upon a simulation of the free-radical chlorination process by which polychlorinated alkane mixtures are produced industrially from n-alkanes. In the model, the free-radical chlorination reaction was simulated by randomly selecting a position on a partially converted alkane molecule for target by chlorine free-radical attack. The relative reactivities of the hydrogen atoms on the alkane chain towards chlorine free-radical substitution were either determined experimentally or extrapolated from experimental results and incorporated into the model. The result of the simulation is the prediction of the detailed molecular composition of any PCA mixture. Good agreement was found when comparing the distribution of molecules predicted by the model to analytically determined distributions of real PCA mixtures. Results from the model were then coupled with rules describing the action of biological enzymes to estimate the upper limit possible for the aerobic biodegradation of PCA mixtures.
- Jensen, Soren R.,Brown, Wayne A.,Heath, Ester,Cooper, David G.
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p. 703 - 717
(2008/02/13)
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- The synthesis of phosphates of long-chain ω-hydroxyalkyl esters of 11-deoxyprostaglandin E1
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Di(p-methylbenzyl) phosphates of ω-hydroxyalkyl esters of 11-deoxyprostaglandin E1 were synthesized from disubstituted 1,10-decane and 1,22-docosane derivatives for studying the permeability of bilayer membranes.
- Sokolov,Turovskii,Lukevits
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- Palladium-catalyzed homocoupling reactions between two Csp3-Csp3 centers
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(Matrix Presented) A novel palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction between two Csp3-Csp3 centers has been investigated. This protocol is initiated by the oxidative addition of an α-halo carbonyl compound to a palladium(0) species, followed by the double transmetalation. The key dialkyl palladium intermediate undergoes reductive elimination to form the desired coupling product.
- Lei, Aiwen,Zhang, Xumu
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p. 2285 - 2288
(2007/10/03)
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- A safe and efficient procedure to prepare alkyl and alkoxyalkyl chlorides and dichlorides by catalytic decomposition of the corresponding alkyl and alkoxyalkyl chloroformates and bischloroformates with hexabutylguanidinium chloride
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Small amounts of hexabutylguanidinium chloride (0.01 mol%) decomposes pure chloroformates or bischloroformates with different lengths of carbon chains by a semicontinuous process to diminish run-away risk, leading to chloride compounds with high yield and purity.
- Violleau,Thiebaud,Borredon,Le Gars
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p. 367 - 373
(2007/10/03)
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- A novel copper (I) mediated, symmetrical coupling procedure for alkyl, aryl, benzyl, and thiophenyl dihalides
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A comparative study of Li2CuCl4 vs. Li2CuCl2 mediated mono-coupling reactions of dihalide substrates with allylmagnesium bromide is reported. Higher yields were obtained with Li2CuCl3 and the following trends in halide reactivity were observed. Br > Cl for alkyl, aryl, and thiophenyl dihalides; and benzyl halide > phenyl halide. Utilizing these trends, a symmetrical coupling procedure for alkyl, aryl, benzyl, and thiophenyl dihalides, simply carried out by combining the dihalide with metallic magnesium and Li2CuCl4 is reported.
- Johnson,Johnson, David K.,Ciavarri,Ciavarri, Jeffrey P.,Ishmael,Ishmael, Faoud T.,Schillinger,Schillinger, Kurt J.,Van Geel,Van Geel, Thomas A. P.,Stratton,Stratton, Stephen M.
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p. 8565 - 8568
(2007/10/02)
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