- Large-scale synthesis and formulation of GMP-grade stampidine, a new anti-HIV agent
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The arylphosphoramidate derivative of stavudine (STV, d4T, 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine, CAS 3056-17-5), stampidine (STAMP, DDE-113, HI-113, N-[p-(4-bromophenyl)-2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxy-5'-thymidylyl]-L-alanine methyl ester, CAS 217178-62-6), is a n
- DuMez, Darin,Venkatachalam, Taracad K.,Uckun, Fatih M.
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p. 136 - 151
(2007/10/03)
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- Phosphoramidate and phosphate prodrugs of (-)-β-D-(2R,4R)-dioxolane- thymine: Synthesis, anti-HIV activity and stability studies
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A series of phosphoramidate and phosphate prodrugs of DOT were synthesized via dichlorophosphate or H-phosphonate chemistry and evaluated for their anti-HIV activity against LAI M184V mutants in PBM cells as well as for their cytotoxicity. The antiviral and cytotoxic profiles of the prodrugs were compared with that of the parent compound (DOT), and it was found that four aryl phosphoramidates 5, 18, 20, and 26 showed a significant enhancement (8- to 12-fold) in anti-HIV activity without cytotoxicity. Chemical stability of these prodrugs was evaluated in phosphate buffer at pH values of biological relevance (i.e., pH 2.0 and 7.4). Enzymatic hydrolysis was also studied in esterase or lipase in buffer solution. Chemical stability studies indicate that the phosphoramidates have good chemical stability at pH 2.0 and at pH 7.4 phosphate buffer. Phosphoramidate prodrugs were hydrolyzed in vitro by esterase or lipase and found to be better substrates for lipases than for esterases. 1,3-Diol cyclic phosphates showed potent anti-HIV activity without increasing the cytotoxicity compared with that of DOT and have good chemical and enzymatic stability. Long-chain lipid phosphates, although showed potent anti-HIV activity, exhibited increased cytotoxicity.
- Liang, Yuzeng,Narayanasamy, Janarthanan,Schinazi, Raymond F.,Chu, Chung K.
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p. 2178 - 2189
(2007/10/03)
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- Zidampidine, an aryl phosphate derivative of AZT: In vivo pharmacokinetics, metabolism, toxicity, and anti-viral efficacy against hemorrhagic fever caused by Lassa virus
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The pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and toxicity of Zidampidine, an aryl phosphate derivative of AZT, 3′-azidothymidine-5′-[p-bromophenyl methoxyalaninyl phosphate] were investigated in CD-1 mice. Following iv injection, Zidampidine was rapidly converted to
- Uckun,Venkatachalam,Erbeck,Chen,Petkevich,Vassilev
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p. 3279 - 3288
(2007/10/03)
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- Anti-proliferative and anti-leukemic activity of DDE46 (compound WHI-07), a novel bromomethoxylated arylphosphate derivative of zidovudine, and related compounds: Studies using human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells and the zebrafish model
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The anti-proliferative effects of a novel bromomethoxylated arylphosphate derivative of zidovudine (compound DDE46, CAS 213982-96-8) were first examined in a zebra fish embryo model. DDE46 blocked the cell division at the 2-cell stage of the embryonic development followed by total cell fusion. DDE46 also inhibited the proliferation of the leukemic cell lines NALM-6 and MOLT-3. DDE46 enhanced the activity of the pro-apoptotic enzymes Caspase-3, Caspase-6, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9 leading to the apoptotic death of the leukemic cell line Jurkat. These results justify the further development of this agent as a new anti-leukemic drug candidate. ECV · Editio Cantor Verlag, Aulendorf (Germany).
- Benyumov, Alexey O.,Venkatachalam, Taracad K.,Grigoriants, Olga O.,Vassilev, Alexei O.,Tibbles, Heather E.,Downs, Suzanne,Dumez, Darin,Uckun, Fatih M.
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p. 114 - 122
(2007/10/03)
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- Lack of adverse effects on fertility of female CD-1 mice exposed to repetitive intravaginal gel-microemulsion formulation of a dual-function anti-HIV agent: Aryl phosphate derivative of bromo-methoxy-zidovudine (compound WHI-07)
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aryl phosphate derivative of zidovudine (ZDV), is a potent dual-function contraceptive agent with anti-HIV activity. Its potential for reproductive toxicity was assessed in a series of experiments using CD-1 mice under the conditions of its intended use a
- D'Cruz, Osmond J.,Uckun, Fatih M.
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p. 317 - 322
(2007/10/03)
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