- Self-assembled nanocages for hydrophilic guest molecules
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Reverse polymeric micelles are obtained following the association of polymeric amphiphiles in apolar media. To this date, reports of pharmaceutical applications for such micelles have been scarce, mainly because these systems have been studied in solvents that are not suitable for medical use. Here, alkylated star-shaped poly(glycerol methacrylate) polymers have been proposed in the design of oil-soluble reverse polymeric micelles. Micellar behavior was studied in various apolar solvents, including ethyl oleate, a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. The polymers were shown to assemble into spherical nanostructures (40 nm) as determined by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies. Interestingly, the reverse micelles were able to encapsulate various peptides/proteins (vasopressin, myoglobin, and albumin) in substantial amounts and facilitate their solubilization in oil. The nature of both the polymer used in micelle formation and the guest molecules was found to influence the ability of the micelle to interact with hydrophilic compounds.
- Jones, Marie-Christine,Tewari, Pankaj,Blei, Claudia,Hales, Kelly,Pochan, Darrin J.,Leroux, Jean-Christophe
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- Synthesis of star-glycopolymers by Cu(0)-mediated radical polymerisation in the absence and presence of oxygen
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In this paper, novel star glycopolymers were synthesized via Cu(0)-mediated radical polymerisation at ambient temperature. The reaction was fast with little star-star coupling. Moreover, star glycopolymers can be obtained without removing oxygen from the polymerisation mixture. The effects of solvent and the ratio of initiator/catalyst/ligand on polymerisation were investigated, and the optimal conditions for the synthesis of star glycopolymer were determined. In addition, the binding ability between synthesised glycopolymers and concanavalin A (ConA) was studied using a turbidity test and quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D). Compared with linear glycopolymers, star glycopolymers showed higher binding ability to specific lectins and the strongest binding was obtained when the molecular weight was medium.
- Xue, Hui,Peng, Lun,Dong, Yishi,Zheng, Yuqing,Luan, Yafei,Hu, Xiang,Chen, Gaojian,Chen, Hong
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- Topologically Reversible Transformation of Tricyclic Polymer into Polyring Using Disulfide/Thiol Redox Chemistry
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A polyring capable of reversible growth and dissociation is synthesized from a tricyclic polystyrene (PS) prepared by combining atom transfer radical polymerization of a 4-arm star-shaped PS and azide-alkyne click reactions. In the preparation of the tricyclic PS, a coupling agent containing a disulfide linkage is used in the click cyclization reaction. The reduction of the disulfide linkage in the tricyclic PS results in an 8-shaped PS with thiol groups which on oxidation leads to a high molecular weight polyring. The topology transformation between the polymers occurs via reversible redox reaction of disulfide/thiol. The high molecular weight of the polyring is realized due to the formation of flexible S-S linkage between the 8-shaped PSs. Their structures are confirmed by FT-IR, 1H NMR, SEC, and MALDI-TOF MS analyses. In addition, molecular weight control of the polyring according to polymer concentration has been confirmed through SEC analysis.
- Mohanty, Aruna Kumar,Ye, Jihwa,Ahn, Junyoung,Yun, Taeil,Lee, Taeheon,Kim, Kyung-Su,Jeon, Heung Bae,Chang, Taihyun,Paik, Hyun-Jong
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- The behaviour of honeycomb film formation from star polymers with various fluorine content
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A series of poly((1H,1H-pentafluoropropyl acrylate)-ran-(methyl methacrylate)) (poly(PFPA-ran-MMA)) star polymers with varying fluorine content were prepared via the core-first approach using atom-transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP). Subsequently, the star polymers were used to prepare honeycomb films on both planar and non-planar surfaces via the 'Breath Figures' technique using a static casting method. The fluorine content of the star polymers was observed to influence the morphology of the honeycomb structures and the formation of non-cracking honeycomb films on non-planar surfaces. Moreover, the average pore diameter of the honeycomb films was found to decrease with increasing fluorine content, as well as increasing polymer concentration in the casting solution or decreasing humidity during casting. The increasing fluorine content of the star polymers was also found to result in a decrease in their glass transition temperatures and Young's modulus values.
- Zhang, Zhou,Hughes, Timothy C.,Gurr, Paul A.,Blencowe, Anton,Uddin, Hemayet,Hao, Xiaojuan,Qiao, Greg G.
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- ANTIVIRAL POLYMERS
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The present invention relates to polymer compounds that have antiviral activity. The compounds have the structural Formula I defined herein. The present invention also relates to processes for the preparation of these compounds, to compositions comprising
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Paragraph 00159
(2021/11/26)
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- Tumor active targeting star-shaped amphiphilic polymer micelle nano-drug and preparation method thereof
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The invention discloses a star-shaped amphiphilic polymer and a preparation method thereof and a nano drug with a constructed micelle of the star-shaped amphiphilic polymer as a carrier. The star-shaped amphiphilic polymer is prepared by adopting polyhydric alcohol as an inner core, initiating the polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) through activation, and then utilizing an active epoxyfunctional group to react with an amine-terminated hydrophobic chain segment (A-NH2) and targeting group (B) modified polyethylene glycol (B-PEG-NH2) separately. Polylactic acid (PLA-NH2) or polycaprolactone (PCL-NH2) is preferably selected as the hydrophobic chain segment, and anisamide (Anis) or phenylboronic acid (PBA) is preferably selected as the targeting group. According to the star-shapedamphiphilic polymer prepared by the method, the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the biocompatibility is great, and the preparation process is relatively simple and easy. At the same time,the nano drug with the constructed micelle of the star-shaped amphiphilic polymer as the carrier can have long circulation in the blood and an active targeting function, and therefore the nano drug has a good anti-tumor effect.
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Paragraph 0047-0049; 0053-0055
(2020/07/24)
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- Synthesis of well-defined star, star-block, and miktoarm star biodegradable polymers based on PLLA and PCL by one-pot azide-alkyne click reaction
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Based on the "arm-first" strategy, ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and one-pot azide-alkyne click reaction, well-defined star-shaped polymers with different architectures have been successfully synthesized, including the star homopolymers four-arm star-shaped polycaprolactone (4sPCL) and four-arm star-shaped poly(l-lactic acid) (4sPLLA), star-block copolymer 4sPCL-b-PLLA and miktoarm star-shaped copolymer PCL2PLLA2. The star homopolymers 4sPCL and 4sPLLA were synthesized by a click reaction of an azide small molecule initiator and HCC-PCL or HCC-PLLA. The star-block copolymer 4sPCL-b-PLLA was synthesized by a click reaction of an azide small molecule initiator and the block copolymer HCC-PCL-b-PLLA. The miktoarm star polymer PCL2PLLA2 was synthesized by a one-pot azide-alkyne click reaction of simultaneous addition of equal proportions of HCC-PCL and HCC-PLLA. The structures of these star-shaped polymers have been confirmed by NMR, FT-IR and GPC. Furthermore, the melting and crystallization behaviors investigated using DSC and WXRD also confirm the formation of star-shaped polymers with different architectures.
- Yan, Xiaoqi,Li, Jianbo,Ren, Tianbin
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p. 29464 - 29475
(2018/08/29)
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- Curable composition, cured film, color filter, light-blocking film, solid-state imaging element, image display device, and method for manufacturing cured film
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The purpose of the present invention is to provide a curable composition with which it is possible to obtain a cured film having an excellent pattern shape. The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a cured film, a color filter, a light-bloc
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Paragraph 0289; 0290
(2019/01/05)
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- Figure-Eight-Shaped and Cage-Shaped Cyclic Polystyrenes
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Nonlinear polystyrenes (PS) with similar molecular weights but with different molecular structures having star-, figure-8-, and cage-shaped architectures were synthesized by combining atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and click chemistry. Figure-8- and cage-shaped PS were fractionated by using a gradient normal phase liquid chromatography as confirmed by SEC-LS, MALDI-TOF MS, 1H NMR, and FT-IR spectrometry. Their purities were estimated by using a two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC). The glass transition temperatures of these topologically different polymers were in the order of cage-, figure-8-, and star-shaped polymers possibly due to the multiple links that constrain the overall molecular diffusivity in the case of multicyclic polymers (figure-8, and cage). Monte Carlo simulation on the glass transition behavior of model system also agreed well with the experimental results.
- Lee, Taeheon,Oh, Joongsuk,Jeong, Jonghwa,Jung, Haeji,Huh, June,Chang, Taihyun,Paik, Hyun-Jong
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p. 3672 - 3680
(2016/06/09)
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- One-pot orthogonal copper-catalyzed synthesis and self-assembly of l-lysine-decorated polymeric dendrimers
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Synthetic peptides, including cyclic peptides and peptidomimetics, provide stability, protection, and long circulation times compared to free-circulating peptides. Dendritic structures with amino acids or peptides attached to the peripheral layer represent one form of peptidomimetics (i.e., a hybrid peptide/dendrimer construct) that has found use in biological applications. Constructing such dendritic structures from linear polymeric building blocks provides a further advantage of generating a highly ordered and defined structure in the nanoparticle size range. However, the rapid synthesis of such well-defined structures is still a challenge. In this work, we demonstrate that through modulating the copper activity concomitantly of the nitroxide radical coupling (NRC) and the azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions, polymeric dendrimers decorated with l-lysine on the periphery could be made rapidly in one pot at 25 °C. Three polymeric dendrimers were constructed with high purity (>94%) and with varying l-lysine density coated on the peripheral generation layer. The self-assembly of these dendrimers in water gave similar sizes to that found in organic solvents, suggesting that the aggregation number of dendritic structures in water was very low and possibly consisting of unimolecular micelles. The findings support the conclusion that the self-assembly of a dendritic architecture in water produces nanoparticles with predictable and well-controlled sizes. This synthetic methodology and the self-assembly properties represent an important step toward synthesizing peptide-decorated dendrimers targeted toward therapeutic applications.
- Lu, Derong,Hossain, Md. D.,Jia, Zhongfan,Monteiro, Michael J.
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p. 1688 - 1702
(2015/03/31)
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- POLYFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS AND USES AS IMPLANT MATERIALS
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The synthesis and characterization of polymer core initiators are described herein. Polymer core initiators are used to prepare the polyfunctional prepolymers described herein, which may be optionally tethered. The polyfunctional prepolymers described herein are used to prepare cements, optionally with added co-monomers, for repairing and restoring tissues.
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Page/Page column 15
(2008/06/13)
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