- Preparation method of remdesivir intermediate 2-ethyl-1-butanol
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The invention relates to a preparation method of a remdesivir intermediate 2-ethyl-1-butanol. The preparation method comprises a step of substitution reaction, namely a step of carrying out a substitution reaction on alkyl acetoacetate and halogenated ethane under an alkaline condition to obtain alkyl 2-ethyl-3-oxo-butyrate; a step of addition reduction, namely a step of carrying out an addition reduction reaction on the alkyl 2-ethyl-3-oxo-butyate to obtain alkyl 2-ethylbutyrate; a step of reduction, namely a step of subjecting the alkyl 2-ethylbutyrate to a reduction reaction to prepare 2-ethyl-1-butanol (I). According to the preparation method of the remdesivir intermediate 2-ethyl-1-butanol, the alkyl acetoacetate and halogenated ethane serve as main raw materials, the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, the 2-ethyl-1-butanol (I) is prepared through substitution reaction, addition reduction and reduction reaction, the process is simple, economical and environmentally friendly, the product is convenient to obtain, and industrial production of remdesivir bulk drugs is facilitated.
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- An improved solvent-free system for the microwave-assisted decarboxylation of malonate derivatives based on the use of imidazole
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A comparative study of the thermal and microwave-assisted decarboxylation of a series of mono- and disubstituted monohydrolyzed malonate derivatives has been carried out. It has been found out that in both circumstances the use of imidazole has a profound effect on the success of the reaction. In general terms the assistance of microwave irradiation accelerates the decarboxylation process significantly and, at the same time, permits the use of minored temperatures with respect to the thermal via. It has been also found that both the thermal and the microwave-assisted transformation can be developed under solvent-free conditions.
- Tellitu, Imanol,Beitia, Itziar,Díaz, Marta,Alonso, Argi?e,Moreno, Isabel,Domínguez, Esther
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p. 8251 - 8255
(2015/10/05)
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- Cyano diels-alder and cyano ene reactions. Applications in a formal [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition strategy for the synthesis of pyridines
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Two metal-free, formal [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition strategies for the construction of polycyclic pyridine derivatives are described that proceed via pericyclic cascade mechanisms featuring the participation of unactivated cyano groups as enophile and dienophile cycloaddition partners.
- Sakai, Takeo,Danheiser, Rick L.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 13203 - 13205
(2010/11/05)
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- Reaction enthalpy of nucleophilic substitution of ethyl iodide in acetonitrile and its mechanistic significance
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Enthalpies of reaction for nucleophilic substitution of ethyl iodide have systematically been determined in acetonitrile. Through the concurrent analysis of empirical correlations between the reaction enthalpies and the specific interaction enthalpies for relevant anions with those between the logarithmic rates and the specific interaction enthalpies, partial desolvation accompanying activation has been deduced to be the major contributor to activation thermodynamic parameters, while the propensity of the reacting central atom in the nucleophilic anion plays a crucial role in determining reaction thermodynamic parameters. Semi-empirical molecular orbital calculations have supported these ideas. The application of the Marcus equation to the analysis of reaction characteristics in these reactions is discussed.
- Kondo, Yasuhiko,Tsukamoto, Tamio,Kimura, Naoko
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p. 1765 - 1769
(2007/10/03)
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