- Novel routes to N-amino-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines from α-hydroxyarylalkyl ketones and hydrazines
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Treatment of 3-hydroxy-3-(3-pyridyl)butan-2-one hydrazone with polyphosphoric acid gave 1-amino-2,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine. An analogous reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of the same ketone yielded 1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(3-pyridyl)pyrazole.
- Chudinov,Gashev,Firgang,Semenov
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Read Online
- Improved method for samarium diiodide induced reductive coupling reactions of acid halides
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Acid halides are known to be reductively coupled with aldehydes and ketones in the presence of samarium diiodide to generate α-hydroxy ketones. Low yields coupled product are obtained due to the competitive process of tetrahydrofuran attack on the acid chloride. This competitive reaction can be avoided and yields improved by preparation of samarium diiodide in acetonitrile.
- Ruder, Suzanne M.
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Read Online
- ELECTRO-OPTIC POLYMER
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The present invention provides an electro-optic polymer (EO polymer) comprising an electro-optic molecule (EO molecule) and a base polymer. The EO polymer of the present invention has good performance over the entire optical communication wavelength range
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Paragraph 0150-0153; 162
(2021/02/05)
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- An efficient and recyclable AgNO3/ionic liquid system catalyzed atmospheric CO2 utilization: Simultaneous synthesis of 2-oxazolidinones and α-hydroxyl ketones
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Oxazolidinones and α-hydroxyl ketones are two series of fine chemicals that have been generally utilized in biological, pharmaceutical, and synthetic chemistry. Herein, a AgNO3/ionic liquid (IL) catalytic system was developed for the simultaneous synthesis of these compounds through the atom-economical three-component reactions of propargyl alcohols, 2-aminoethanols, and CO2. Notably, this system behaved excellent catalytic activity with the lowermost metal loading of 0.25 mol%. Meanwhile, it is the first reported metal-catalyzed system that could efficiently work under atmospheric CO2 pressure and be recycled at least five times. Evaluation of the green metrics proved the AgNO3/IL-catalyzed processes to be relatively more sustainable and greener than the other Ag-catalyzed examples. Further mechanistic investigations revealed the derivative active species of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) silver complexes and CO2 adducts generated during the process. Subsequently, their reactivity in this reaction was assessed for the first time, which was finally identified as beneficial for the catalytic activity.
- Bu, Chao,Chaemchuen, Somboon,Chen, Cheng,Du, Minchen,Gong, Yanyan,Hu, Jia,Verpoort, Francis,Yuan, Ye,Zhang, Yongxing
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- A green and recyclable CuSO4·5H2O/ionic liquid catalytic system for the CO2-promoted hydration of propargyl alcohols: an efficient assembly of α-hydroxy ketones
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α-Hydroxy ketones are important building blocks in biological, pharmaceutical and synthetic chemistry. In this work, diverse α-hydroxy ketones were efficiently constructed through the CO2-promoted hydration process of propargyl alcohols, which was catalyzed by a system consisted of economical CuSO4·5H2O and a green 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid. Particularly, this catalytic system exhibited excellent activity under atmospheric CO2 or even mimetic flue gas (20 vol% of CO2). Moreover, this system employed the lowest metal loading ever reported (0.004–0.25 mol%) meanwhile reached the highest turnover number (11700) for the target hydration reaction. Additionally, this is the first reported Cu catalytic system with reliable recyclability, which could be easily reused at least 6 times with yields higher than 85%.
- Chen, Cheng,Chen, Yiyun,Hu, Jia,Huang, Leilei,Verpoort, Francis,Wang, Yu,Yuan, Ye,Zhao, Yufeng,Zheng, Jiayun
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- A CO2-mediated base catalysis approach for the hydration of triple bonds in ionic liquids
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Herein, we report a CO2-mediated base catalysis approach for the activation of triple bonds in ionic liquids (ILs) with anions that can chemically capture CO2 (e.g., azolate, phenolate, and acetate), which can achieve hydration of triple bonds to carbonyl chemicals. It is discovered that the anion-complexed CO2 could abstract one proton from proton resources (e.g., IL cation) and transfer it to the CN or CC bonds via a six-membered ring transition state, thus realizing their hydration. In particular, tetrabutylphosphonium 2-hydroxypyridine shows high efficiency for hydration of nitriles and CC bond-containing compounds under a CO2 atmosphere, affording a series of carbonyl compounds in excellent yields. This catalytic protocol is simple, green, and highly efficient and opens a new way to access carbonyl compounds via triple bond hydration under mild and metal-free conditions.
- Han, Buxing,Ke, Zhengang,Li, Ruipeng,Liu, Zhimin,Tang, Minhao,Wang, Yuepeng,Zeng, Wei,Zhang, Fengtao,Zhao, Yanfei
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supporting information
p. 9870 - 9875
(2021/12/27)
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- D-π-A chromophores with a quinoxaline core in the π-bridge and bulky aryl groups in the acceptor: Synthesis, properties, and femtosecond nonlinear optical activity of the chromophore/PMMA guest-host materials
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Novel D-π-A chromophores with quinoxaline/quinoxalinone core in the π-conjugated bridge and various bulky groups in the acceptor moiety have been synthesized and systematically investigated at molecular level by UV–Vis spectroscopy, DFT calculations, electrochemical and TGA-DSC methods as well as at materials level by the example of PMMA-based composite polymer materials doped with different chromophore contents using molecular modeling and SHG technique. Chromophores exhibit positive dioxane/chloroform solvatochromic shift of ca. 50 nm, high values of first hyperpolarizability and dipole moment, small energy gap and good thermal stability. Tolyl and cyclohexylphenyl substituents unlike phenyl can be treated as most effective isolating groups, preventing chromophore pronounced aggregation even at 30 wt% content. Femtosecond nonlinear optical (NLO) activity was studied for poled thin guest-host polymer films with various chromophore weight content. Film DBA-VQPhV-TCFPhCy(25 wt%)/PMMA with bulky cyclohexylphenyl groups in chromophore acceptor shows maximal NLO coefficient, d33, values among the studied materials (37 pm/V) as well as good long-term stability of NLO response together with excellent chromophore thermal stability (Td = 256 °C). Composite materials doped with quinoxaline chromophores are photostable with respect to laser pulses with peak intensities up to 11 GW/cm2.
- Balakina, Marina Yu,Budnikova, Yulia H.,Dudkina, Yulia B.,Fazleeva, Guzel M.,Fominykh, Olga D.,Islamova, Liliya N.,Kalinin, Alexey A.,Khamatgalimov, Ayrat R.,Levitskaya, Alina I.,Mukhtarov, Anvar S.,Nizameev, Irek R.,Sharipova, Anastasiya V.,Shmelev, Artemiy G.,Vakhonina, Tatyana A.
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- Thermodynamic favorable CO2 conversion via vicinal diols and propargylic alcohols: A metal-free catalytic method
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Organocatalysis represents a promising field in chemical fixation of CO2. Herein, a facile metal-free strategy was reported for the one-pot preparation of cyclic carbonates and α-hydroxy ketones from vicinal diols, propargylic alcohols and CO2. Wide scope of vicinal diols and propargylic alcohols was demonstrated to be efficient under the DBU-catalyzed conditions. A plausible mechanism was proposed, which included detailed main and side reactions under the metal-free conditions.
- Han, Li-Hua,Li, Jing-Yuan,Song, Qing-Wen,Zhang, Kan,Zhang, Qian-Xia,Sun, Xiao-Fang,Liu, Ping
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supporting information
p. 341 - 344
(2019/07/04)
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- Synthesis of Α-hydroxy ketones by copper(I)-catalyzed hydration of propargylic alcohols: CO2 as a cocatalyst under atmospheric pressure
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Inexpensive and efficient Cu(I) catalysis is reported for the synthesis of α-hydroxy ketones from propargylic alcohols, CO2, and water via tandem carboxylative cyclization and nucleophilic addition reaction. Notably, hydration of propargylic alcohols can be carried out smoothly under atmospheric CO2 pressure, generating a series of α-hydroxy ketones efficiently and selectively. This strategy shows great potential for the preparation of valuable α-hydroxy ketones by using CO2 as a crucial cocatalyst under mild conditions.
- Zhou, Zhi-Hua,Zhang, Xiao,Huang, Yong-Fu,Chen, Kai-Hong,He, Liang-Nian
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p. 1345 - 1351
(2019/08/07)
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- Selective Conversion of CO 2 and Switchable Alcohols into Linear or Cyclic Carbonates via Versatile Zinc Catalysis
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It is promising and challenging to achieve the effective construction of carbonates using CO 2 and a non-noble metal catalyst. Herein, selective catalytic conversion of CO 2 and switchable alcohol candidates to produce linear or cyclic carbonates and α-hydroxy ketones via effective zinc catalyst was developed. A series of primary alcohols and cyclohexanol, 1,2-diols, and water can serve as nucleophiles to give alkyl or aryl 2-substituted-3-oxobutan-2-yl carbonates, substituted 1,3-dioxolan-2-ones, 3-substituted 3-hydroxybutan-2-ones, respectively with excellent selectivity and high yields.
- Song, Qing-Wen,Zhao, Qing-Ning,Li, Jing-Yuan,Zhang, Kan,Liu, Ping
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p. 739 - 746
(2019/01/23)
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- AgI/TMG-Promoted Cascade Reaction of Propargyl Alcohols, Carbon Dioxide, and 2-Aminoethanols to 2-Oxazolidinones
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Chemical valorization of CO2 to access various value-added compounds has been a long-term and challenging objective from the viewpoint of sustainable chemistry. Herein, a one-pot three-component reaction of terminal propargyl alcohols, CO2, and 2-aminoethanols was developed for the synthesis of 2-oxazolidinones and an equal amount of α-hydroxyl ketones promoted by Ag2O/TMG (1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine) with a TON (turnover number) of up to 1260. By addition of terminal propargyl alcohol, the thermodynamic disadvantage of the conventional 2-aminoethanol/CO2 coupling was ameliorated. Mechanistic investigations including control experiments, DFT calculation, kinetic and NMR studies suggest that the reaction proceeds through a cascade pathway and TMG could activate propargyl alcohol and 2-aminoethanol through the formation of hydrogen bonds and also activate CO2.
- Li, Xue-Dong,Song, Qing-Wen,Lang, Xian-Dong,Chang, Yao,He, Liang-Nian
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p. 3182 - 3188
(2017/10/03)
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- Selective Carbonyl?C(sp3) Bond Cleavage To Construct Ynamides, Ynoates, and Ynones by Photoredox Catalysis
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Carbon–carbon bond cleavage/functionalization is synthetically valuable, and selective carbonyl?C(sp3) bond cleavage/alkynylation presents a new perspective in constructing ynamides, ynoates, and ynones. Reported here is the first alkoxyl-radical-enabled carbonyl?C(sp3) bond cleavage/alkynylation reaction by photoredox catalysis. The use of novel cyclic iodine(III) reagents are essential for β-carbonyl alkoxyl radical generation from β-carbonyl alcohols, including alcohols with high redox potential (EoxP>2.2 V vs. SCE in MeCN). β-Amide, β-ester, and β-ketone alcohols yield ynamides, ynoates, and ynones, respectively, for the first time, with excellent regio- and chemoselectivity under mild reaction conditions.
- Jia, Kunfang,Pan, Yue,Chen, Yiyun
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supporting information
p. 2478 - 2481
(2017/02/23)
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- Thermodynamically favorable synthesis of 2-oxazolidinones through silver-catalyzed reaction of propargylic alcohols, CO2, and 2-aminoethanols
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Development of catalytic routes to incorporate CO2 into carbonyl compounds at mild conditions remains attractive and challenging. Herein, a one-pot three-component cascade reaction of terminal propargylic alcohols, CO2, and 2-aminoethanols through AgI-based catalysis is reported for the synthesis of carbonyl compounds through C—O/C—N bond formation. This thermodynamically favorable route can be ingeniously regulated to afford a wide range of 2-oxazolidinones along with concurrent production of α-hydroxyl ketone derivatives in excellent yields and selectivity. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that such a process proceeds through successive formation of α-alkylidene cyclic carbonate, β-oxopropylcarbamate, and 2-oxazolidinones.
- Song, Qing-Wen,Zhou, Zhi-Hua,Wang, Mei-Yan,Zhang, Kan,Liu, Ping,Xun, Jia-Yao,He, Liang-Nian
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p. 2054 - 2058
(2017/07/25)
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- Task-specific ionic liquid and CO2-cocatalysed efficient hydration of propargylic alcohols to α-hydroxy ketones
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The hydration of propargylic alcohols is a green route to synthesize α-hydroxy ketones. Herein a CO2-reactive ionic liquid (IL), [Bu4P][Im], was found to display high performance for catalyzing the hydration of propargylic alcohols in the presence of atmospheric CO2, and a series of propargylic alcohols could be converted into the corresponding α-hydroxy ketones in good to excellent yields. In the IL/CO2 reaction system, CO2 served as a cocatalyst by forming α-alkylidene cyclic carbonates with propargylic alcohols, and was released via the rapid hydrolysis of the carbonates catalysed by the IL. This is the first example of the efficient hydration of propargylic alcohols under metal-free conditions. This journal is
- Zhao, Yanfei,Yang, Zhenzhen,Yu, Bo,Zhang, Hongye,Xu, Huanjun,Hao, Leiduan,Han, Buxing,Liu, Zhimin
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p. 2297 - 2301
(2015/03/30)
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- Efficient synthesis of tertiary α-hydroxy ketones through CO 2-promoted regioselective hydration of propargylic alcohols
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A carbon dioxide-promoted and silver acetate-catalyzed hydration of propargylic alcohols for the efficient synthesis of tertiary α-hydroxy ketones has been developed. The reaction is proposed to proceed via a tandem process of carbon dioxide incorporation into propargylic alcohols and subsequent hydrolysis. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
- He, Haitao,Qi, Chaorong,Hu, Xiaohan,Guan, Yuqi,Jiang, Huanfeng
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supporting information
p. 3729 - 3733
(2014/08/05)
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- Polystyrene-supported N-heterocyclic carbene-silver complexes as robust and efficient catalysts for the reaction of carbon dioxide and propargylic alcohols
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Three polystyrene-supported N-heterocyclic carbene-silver complexes [PS-NHC-Ag(I)] and a polystyrene-supported N-heterocyclic carbene-copper complex [PS-NHC-Cu(I)] catalyst were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-atom emission spectrometer, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron micrographs. The catalytic activity of the supported catalysts was investigated for the reaction of propargylic alcohols and carbon dioxide. PS-NHC-Cu(I) showed no catalytic activity to the reaction, while PS-NHC-Ag(I) showed a considerable high activity and selectivity for the reaction, yielding the corresponding α-alkylidene cyclic carbonates in high to excellent yields under mild conditions. Most importantly, the supported catalysts could be separated easily from the products and reused up to 15 times without loss of their high catalytic activity, showing excellent stability. The effect of various reaction parameters such as carbon dioxide pressure, temperature, time, and catalyst loading on the reaction was also investigated. Copyright
- Tang, Xiaodong,Qi, Chaorong,He, Haitao,Jiang, Huanfeng,Ren, Yanwei,Yuan, Gaoqing
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supporting information
p. 2019 - 2028
(2013/08/23)
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- Effective guanidine-catalyzed synthesis of carbonate and carbamate derivatives from propargyl alcohols in supercritical carbon dioxide
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The reactions of propargyl alcohols with carbon dioxide in supercritical carbon dioxide or in acetonitrile with gaseous carbon dioxide in the presence of organic bases as catalysts have been examined. Bicyclic guanidines are effective catalysts for the formation of α-methylene cyclic carbonates under mild reaction conditions. Oxoalkyl carbonates, oxoalkyl carbamates or α-methyleneoxazolidinones are obtained in high yields and good selectivities in one-step starting from propargyl alcohols and an external nucleophile (alcohols or amines) using bicyclic guanidines as catalysts in supercritical carbon dioxide. Propargylic diols under the same reaction conditions underwent a rearrangement process instead of carbon dioxide insertion whereas in the presence of an external nucleophile the formation of oxocarbonates, oxocarbamates or cyclic carbamates was achieved in satisfactory yields.
- Ca', Nicola Della,Gabriele, Bartolo,Ruffolo, Giuseppe,Veltri, Lucia,Zanetta, Tito,Costa, Mirco
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 133 - 146
(2011/04/18)
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- Rhodium-catalyzed addition of aryl boronic acids to 1,2-diketones and 1,2-ketoesters
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The metal complex Rh(acac)(CO)2 in the presence of dicyclohexylphenylphosphine provides a useful catalyst system for the addition of boronic acids to 1,2-diketones and 1,2-ketoesters. The best yields were obtained when the transformation was pe
- Ganci, Gregory R.,Chisholm, John D.
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p. 8266 - 8269
(2008/03/14)
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- Analogues of Acifran: Agonists of the high and low affinity niacin receptors, GPR109a and GPR109b
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Recently identified GPCRs, GPR109a and GPR109b, the high and low affinity receptors for niacin, may represent good targets for the development of HDL elevating drugs for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Acifran, an agonist of both receptors, has been tested in human subjects, yet until recently very few analogs had been reported. We describe a series of acifran analogs prepared using newly developed synthetic pathways and evaluated as agonists for GPR109a and GPR109b, resulting in identification of compounds with improved activity at these receptors.
- Jung, Jae-Kyu,Johnson, Benjamin R.,Duong, Tracy,Decaire, Marc,Uy, Jane,Gharbaoui, Tawfik,Boatman, P. Douglas,Sage, Carleton R.,Chen, Ruoping,Richman, Jeremy G.,Connolly, Daniel T.,Semple, Graeme
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p. 1445 - 1448
(2007/10/03)
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- Electroreductive acylation of aromatic ketones with acylimidazoles
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The intermolecular reductive coupling of aromatic ketones with acylimidazoles was effected by electroreduction in the presence of chlorotrimethylsilane and gave α-trimethylsiloxy ketones and esters. The best result was obtained using Bu4NPF6 as a supporting electrolyte and a Pb cathode in THF. The α-trimethylsiloxy-containing products were transformed to the corresponding α-hydroxy ketones and esters by treatment with TBAF in THF. This method was also effective for the intramolecular reductive coupling of δ- and ε-keto acylimidazoles.
- Kise, Naoki,Agui, Syun,Morimoto, Shinji,Ueda, Nasuo
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p. 9407 - 9410
(2007/10/03)
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- General and Efficient Insertion of Carbons Carrying Benzotriazole
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Anions formed from the lithiation of 1-(1-benzotriazolylalkyl)benzotriazoles (1, 6) and 1-(1-methylthioalkyl)benzotriazoles (10 and 10a) with n-BuLi underwent additions to cyclic and acyclic ketones giving intermediates 3a-f, 7b-f, and 11b-d, respectively
- Katritzky, Alan R.,Bobrov, Sergey,Kirichenko, Kostyantyn,Ji, Yu
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p. 303 - 308
(2007/10/03)
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- Rhodium-catalyzed addition of arylstannanes to carbon-heteroatom double bond
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The addition of arylstannanes to the carbon-heteroatom double bond in the presence of a catalytic amount of a cationic rhodium complex ([Rh(cod)(MeCN)2]BF4) was examined. The reactions of aldehydes, α-dicarbonyl compounds, and N-substituted aldimines with the arylstannanes gave corresponding alcohols, α-hydroxy carbonyl compounds, and amines, respectively. An arylrhodium complex generated by the transmetalation with the arylstannane was probably the active catalytic species.
- Oi, Shuichi,Moro, Mitsutoshi,Fukuhara, Hiroe,Kawanishi, Takanori,Inoue, Yoshio
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p. 4351 - 4361
(2007/10/03)
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- A Catalytic Deprotection of S,S-, S,O- and O,O-Acetals Using Bi(NO3)3·5 H2O under Air
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S,S-Acetals are smoothly deprotected with air in the presence of a catalytic amount of Bi(NO3)3·5 H2O (1-50 mol %) under ambient conditions to regenerate the original carbonyl compounds in good to excellent yield. This mild, simple, and environmentally benign system is successfully applied to the deprotection of S,O- and O,O-acetals and is compatible with various functional groups. From the mechanistic study of the reaction, the catalytic cycle is considered to be composed of the following four steps: (1) the nitrososulfonium ion of the S,S-acetal is formed by attack of nitrosonium ion (NO+) generated from Bi(NO3)3·5 H2O through the equilibrium wth NO2, (2) the nitrososulfonium ion is hydrolyzed to afford the hemithioacetal and thionitrite, (3) the hemithioacetal collapses to the original carbonyl compound and thiol, which is oxidized by NO+ to give disulfide and NO via thionitrite, and (4) the NO captures molecular oxygen from air to regenerate NO2.
- Komatsu, Naoki,Taniguchi, Azusa,Wada, Shinobu,Suzuki, Hitomi
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p. 473 - 480
(2007/10/03)
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- Asymmetric catalysis, 132 Metal-catalyzed enantioselective α-Ketol rearrangements
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Promoted by catalytic amounts of transition-metal complexes, the tertiary α-hydroxy ketones 1, 3, 5/6 undergo α-ketol rearrangements to afford equilibrium mixtures of isomers with a reorganization of the carbon skeleton. The range of metal complexes catalyzing the isomerizations is large; the best results were obtained with the catalyst systems NiCl2/ TMEDA, Ni(acac)2, and Ni(acac)2/TMEDA (TMEDA = N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,2-diaminoethane). The catalytic rearrangements were performed at 130 °C in the absence of solvent, with a Ni/ligand/substrate ratio of 1:2:100. The equilibrium composition of the model system 1/2 is 12.5:87:5. The conversion of the achiral substrates 1 and 3 into the chiral products 2 and 4 can be used for kinetic resolution. However, the reverse reactions 2 → 1 and 4 → 3 in the equilibrations narrow the window for asymmetric induction with enantioselective catalysts of the metal component/optically active ligand type. In system 1, the highest enantiomeric excess was achieved with the catalyst systems NiCl2/pybox [18.9% (S)-2] and Ni(acac)2/pybox [19.3% (R)-2] {pybox = 2,6-bis[(S)-4-isopropyl(oxazolin-2'-yl)]pyridine}. The α-ketol rearrangement of 3 with the Ni(acac)2/pybox catalyst resulted in a maximum enantiomeric excess of 37.1% (S)-4.
- Brunner, Henri,Stoehr, Frank
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p. 2777 - 2786
(2007/10/03)
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- Preparation of 3-hydroxy-3-phenylbutan-2-one
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A process is provided for preparing 3-hydroxy-3-phenyl-butan-2-one, useful in the preparation of acifran, in high yields by reacting 2,3-butanedione with the appropriate Grignard reagent at low temperature in tetrahydrofuran or admixtures thereof with tol
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- AZO ANIONS IN SYNTHESIS. PT 1. t-BUTYLHYDRAZONES AS ACYL-ANION EQUIVALENTS
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The lithium salts of aldehyde t-butylhydrazones react with electrophiles (aldehydes, ketones, alkyl halides, crotonates) to form C-trapped t-butylazo-compounds; tautomerisation and hydrolysis gave α-hydroxy ketones, ketones, and γ-keto esters in good yield, thereby providing a convenient new acyl-anion equivalent.Reaction of these lithium salts with aldehydes and ketones, followed by elimination provided a new route to azo alkenes.
- Baldwin, Jack E.,Adlington, Robert M.,Bottaro, Jeffrey C.,Kolhe, Jayant N.,Perry, Matthew W. D.,Jain, Ashok U.
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p. 4223 - 4234
(2007/10/02)
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- Azo Anions in Synthesis. t-Butylhydrazones as Acyl-anion Equivalents
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The lithium salts of aldehyde t-butylhydrazones react with electrophiles (aldehydes, ketones, alkyl halides) to form C-trapped t-butylazo compounds; isomerisation and hydrolyse gave α-hydroxy ketones and ketones in good yields, thereby providing a convenient new acyl-anion equivalent.
- Adlington, Robert M.,Baldwin, Jack E.,Bottaro, Jeffrey C.,Perry, Matthew W. D.
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p. 1040 - 1041
(2007/10/02)
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- Hypolipidemic 4,5-Dihydro-4-oxo-5,5-disubstituted-2-furancarboxylic Acids
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A series of novel 4,5-dihydro-4-oxo-5,5-disubstituted-2-furancarboxylic acids was synthesized and shown to possess potent hypotriglyceridemic activity in normal rats.In contrast to clofibrate, none of the present compounds altered liver weight at any dose
- Jirkovski, Ivo,Cayen, Mitchell, N.
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p. 1154 - 1156
(2007/10/02)
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- FORMATION OF ISOCYANATES BY THERMAL REACTIONS OF 4-HYDROXY-5,5-DIMETHYL-4-PHENYLOXAZOLIDONE-2 DERIVATIVES
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Thermolysis of 3N-substituted 4-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-4-phenyloxazolidone-2 derivatives, which were prepared by the reaction of carbon dioxide and α-bromoisobutyrophenone in the presence of primary amines, afforded corresponding isocyanates derived from 3N-substituents.
- Saito, Norio,Hatakeda, Kiyotaka,Ito, Shota,Asano, Takashi,Toda, Takashi
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p. 905 - 906
(2007/10/02)
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- Process for preparing 4,5-dihydro-4-oxofuran-2-carboxylic acid derivatives
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Derivatives of 4,5-dihydro-4-oxofuran-2-carboxylic acid characterized by having two substituents at position 5 and in addition being optionally further substituted at position 3 with a lower alkyl group, as well as esters therefor are disclosed. The foreg
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