- Sodium Salts (NaI/NaBr/NaCl) for the Halogenation of Imidazo-Fused Heterocycles
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We report herein an effective method for the halogenation of imidazo-fused heterocycles using readily available sodium salts (NaCl/NaBr/NaI) as halogen source and K2S2O8 (or) oxone as promoter. A variety of C-3 halogenated imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and benzo[d]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles were obtained in good to excellent yields. The present method of halogenation has been also extended to 2-aminopyridines, 2-aminopyrimidine, indole, and isoquinoline with moderate to excellent yields.
- Semwal, Rashmi,Ravi, Chitrakar,Kumar, Rahul,Meena, Ramavatar,Adimurthy, Subbarayappa
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p. 792 - 805
(2019/01/24)
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- Exploration of the nicotinamide-binding site of the tankyrases, identifying 3-arylisoquinolin-1-ones as potent and selective inhibitors in vitro
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Tankyrases-1 and -2 (TNKS-1 and TNKS-2) have three cellular roles which make them important targets in cancer. Using NAD+ as a substrate, they poly(ADP-ribosyl)ate TRF1 (regulating lengths of telomeres), NuMA (facilitating mitosis) and axin (in wnt/β-catenin signalling). Using molecular modelling and the structure of the weak inhibitor 5-aminoiso quinolin-1-one, 3-aryl-5-substituted-isoquinolin-1-ones were designed as inhibitors to explore the structure-activity relationships (SARs) for binding and to define the shape of a hydrophobic cavity in the active site. 5-Amino-3-arylisoquinolinones were synthesised by Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of arylboronic acids to 3-bromo-1-methoxy-5-nitro-isoquinoline, reduction and O-demethylation. 3-Aryl-5-methylisoquinolin-1-ones, 3-aryl-5-fluoroisoquinolin-1-ones and 3-aryl-5-methoxyisoquinolin-1-ones were accessed by deprotonation of 3-substituted-N,N,2-trimethylbenzamides and quench with an appropriate benzonitrile. SAR around the isoquinolinone core showed that aryl was required at the 3-position, optimally with a para-substituent. Small meta-substituents were tolerated but groups in the ortho-positions reduced or abolished activity. This was not due to lack of coplanarity of the rings, as shown by the potency of 4,5-dimethyl-3-phenylisoquinolin-1-one. Methyl and methoxy were optimal at the 5-position. SAR was rationalised by modelling and by crystal structures of examples with TNKS-2. The 3-aryl unit was located in a large hydrophobic cavity and the para-substituents projected into a tunnel leading to the exterior. Potency against TNKS-1 paralleled potency against TNKS-2. Most inhibitors were highly selective for TNKSs over PARP-1 and PARP-2. A range of highly potent and selective inhibitors is now available for cellular studies.
- Paine, Helen A.,Nathubhai, Amit,Woon, Esther C.Y.,Sunderland, Peter T.,Wood, Pauline J.,Mahon, Mary F.,Lloyd, Matthew D.,Thompson, Andrew S.,Haikarainen, Teemu,Narwal, Mohit,Lehti?, Lari,Threadgill, Michael D.
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p. 5891 - 5908
(2015/11/11)
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- CANNABINOID RECEPTOR MODULATORS
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Compounds of Formula (I) along with processes for their preparation that are useful for treating, managing and/or lessening the diseases, disorders, syndromes or conditions associated with the modulation of cannabinoid (CB) receptors. Methods of treating, managing and/or lessening the diseases, disorders, syndromes or conditions associated with the modulation of cannabinoid (CB) receptors of Formula (I).
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Paragraph 0219
(2013/07/19)
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- Design and synthesis of lipids for the fabrication of functional lipidic cubic-phase biomaterials
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A series of novel lipids with designed functionalities were synthesized. These lipids are based on conjugation of α-amino acids and their esters, cationic, anionic, neutral, and photochromic moieties to the lipophilic 9-cis octadecenyl chains by amide, ester, thioester, or amine bonds. Because of the plasticity of lipidic cubic phases, it is envisaged that when mixed with monooleoyl-rac-glycerol (monoolein, MO) and water at appropriate proportions, they would assemble to form bicontinuous lipidic cubic phases (LCPs) that exhibit the well-known material properties of LCPs such as phase stability, optical transparency, and chemical permeability. Moreover, due to the nature and position of the functionality at the headgroup region, we envision them to perform as functional materials by design.
- Osornio, Yazmin M.,Uebelhart, Peter,Bosshard, Silvan,Konrad, Fabian,Siegel, Jay S.,Landau, Ehud M.
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p. 10583 - 10595
(2013/02/22)
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