- Engineering selectivity in novel synthesis of 3-(phenylmethoxy)phenol from resorcinol and benzyl chloride under liquid-liquid-liquid phase transfer catalysis
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Monobenzyl ether of resorcinol, namely, 3-(phenylmethoxy)phenol is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of various chemically and biologically active molecules. The synthesis of 3-(phenylmethoxy)phenol can be accomplished by using phase transfer catalysis (PTC), either as liquid-liquid (L-L) or solid-liquid (S-L) PTC. Creation of a third phase in a biphasic reaction leads to several advantages in this type of reaction. A catalyst rich middle phase is formed between the other two phases wherein the main reaction takes place in the liquid-liquid-liquid (L-L-L) PTC and this offers a number of advantages over L-L PTC in terms of intensification of rate, higher selectivity and the possibility to reuse the catalyst. It is an excellent way for waste reduction and improving profitability. The catalyst rich phase is recovered and reused to up to six times with little impact to reactivity. This also helps in waste minimization which is a major theme of Green Chemistry. In the current work, synthesis of 3-(phenylmethoxy)-phenol was accomplished by the reaction of resorcinol with benzyl chloride using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) under liquid-liquid-liquid phase transfer catalysis (L-L-L PTC) at 90 °C. The studies cover the effects of various kinetic and process parameters which lead to enhancement in rates and selectivities. A theoretical model was developed and validated against experimental data. It follows zero-order kinetics in the mono-O-benzylation of resorcinol. There is 100% selectivity for 3-(phenylmethoxy)phenol with no discernible amount of bis-alkylated product detectable. O-Alkylation of hydroquinone and catechol were also studied using the same technique to realise the same high selectivity. The order of reactivity and apparent activation energy is as follows: hydroquinone 〉 resorcinol 〉 catechol.
- Yadav, Ganapati D.,Badure, Omprakash V.
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Read Online
- Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroarylation of Phenol-Derived Propiolates and Certain Related Ethers as a Route to Selectively Functionalized Coumarins and 2 H-Chromenes
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Methods are reported for the efficient assembly of a series of phenol-derived propiolates, including the parent system 56, and their Au(I)-catalyzed cyclization (intramolecular hydroarylation) to give the corresponding coumarins (e.g., 1). Simple syntheses of natural products such as ayapin (144) and scoparone (145) have been realized by such means, and the first of these subject to single-crystal X-ray analysis. A related process is described for the conversion of propargyl ethers such as 156 into the isomeric 2H-chromene precocene I (159), a naturally occurring inhibitor of juvenile hormone biosynthesis.
- Cervi, Aymeric,Vo, Yen,Chai, Christina L. L.,Banwell, Martin G.,Lan, Ping,Willis, Anthony C.
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p. 178 - 198
(2020/12/22)
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- Evaluation of 2-(piperidine-1-yl)-ethyl (PIP) as a protecting group for phenols: Stability to ortho-lithiation conditions and boiling concentrated hydrobromic acid, orthogonality with most common protecting group classes, and deprotection via Cope elimination or by mild Lewis acids
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A new protecting group, 2-(piperidine-1-yl)-ethyl (PIP), was evaluated as a protecting group for phenols. The PIP group was stable to ortho-lithiation conditions and refluxing with concentrated hydrobromic acid. Deprotection was accomplished by two routes, oxidation to N-oxides followed by Cope elimination (CE) and subsequent hydrolysis or ozonolysis of the vinyl ether or one-step deprotection by BBr3?Me2S. The PIP group is orthogonal to the O-benzyl, O-acetyl, O-t-butyldiphenylsilyl, O-methyl, O-p-methoxybenzyl, O-allyl, O-tetrahydropyranyl and N-t-butoxy carbonyl groups. The CE step was systematically studied and was found to give higher yields when the reaction was performed in the presence of silylating agents.
- Norén, Rolf
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- METHODS AND INTERMEDIATES FOR PREPARING HYDROCHLORIDE SALT OF 5-[3-(3-HYDROXYPHENOXY)AZETIDIN-1-YL]-5-METHYL-2,2-DIPHENYLHEXANAMIDE
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Methods for providing a carboxamide compound and intermediates used in the preparation of the carboxamide compound are provided. The methods include reacting 5-[3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)azetidin-1-yl]-5-methyl-2,2-diphenylhexanenitrile benzoate with a reagent and hydrochloric acid to form the carboxamide compound including 5-[3-(3-hydroxyphenoxy)azetidin-1-yl]-5-methyl-2,2-diphenylhexanamide hydrochloride.
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Paragraph 0098-0099
(2021/01/23)
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- BTK Inhibitors and uses thereof
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The invention discloses a bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor and use thereof. Specifically, the invention provides heteroaromatic compounds or stereoisomers, geometrical isomers, tautomers, racemates, nitrogen oxides, hydrates, solvates, metabolites and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions containing the heteroaromatic compounds; the invention also discloses use of the heteroaromatic compounds or the pharmaceutical compositions containing the heteroaromatic compounds in preparation of medicines; the medicines can be used for treating autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases or proliferative diseases.
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Paragraph 0448; 0465-0467
(2020/05/02)
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- Topographical Mapping of Isoform-Selectivity Determinants for J-Channel-Binding Inhibitors of Sphingosine Kinases 1 and 2
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Sphingosine kinase enzymes (SK1 and SK2) catalyze the conversion of sphingosine into sphingosine 1-phosphate and play a key role in lipid signaling and cellular responses. Mapping of isoform amino acid sequence differences for SK2 onto the recently available crystal structures of SK1 suggests that subtle structural differences exist in the foot of the lipid-binding "J-channel" in SK2, the structure of which has yet to be defined by structural biology techniques. We have probed these isoform differences with a ligand series derived from the potent SK1-selective inhibitor, PF-543. Here we show how it is possible, even with relatively conservative changes in compound structure, to systematically tune the activity profile of a ligand from ca. 100-fold SK1-selective inhibition, through equipotent SK1/SK2 inhibition, to reversed 100-fold SK2 selectivity, with retention of nanomolar potency.
- Adams, David R.,Tawati, Salha,Berretta, Giacomo,Rivas, Paula Lopez,Baiget, Jessica,Jiang, Zhong,Alsfouk, Aisha,Mackay, Simon P.,Pyne, Nigel J.,Pyne, Susan
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p. 3658 - 3676
(2019/04/26)
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- A practical method for preparation of phenols from arylboronic acids catalyzed by iodopovidone in aqueous medium
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A novel and efficient strategy for the ipso-hydroxylation of arylboronic acids to phenols has been developed using inexpensive, readily available, air-stable water-soluble povidone iodine as catalyst and aqueous hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agent. The reactions were performed at room temperature under metal-, ligand- and base-free condition in a short reaction time. The corresponding substituted phenols were obtained in moderate to good yields by oxidative hydroxylation of arylboronic acids in aqueous medium.
- Dong, Bin,Ke, Yanxiong,Lu, Guangying,Ren, Jiangmeng,Ren, Yaoyao,Zeng, Bu-Bing,Zhou, Bin
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- Synthesis of 2-arylbenzofuran-3-carbaldehydes: via an organocatalytic [3+2] annulation/oxidative aromatization reaction
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A novel organocatalytic [3+2] annulation/oxidative aromatization reaction of enals with 2-halophenols or β-naphthols is reported. This process enables chemo- and regioselective access to 2-arylbenzofuran-3-carbaldehydes without the use of transition metals or strong oxidants. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that an unprecedented, organocatalytic, direct α-arylation pathway is involved.
- Zhang, Huiwen,Ma, Chunmei,Zheng, Ziwei,Sun, Rengwei,Yu, Xinhong,Zhao, Jianhong
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supporting information
p. 4935 - 4938
(2018/05/23)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of kresoxim-methyl analogues as novel inhibitors of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 accumulation in cancer cells
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We designed and synthesized strobilurin analogues as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) inhibitors based on the molecular structure of kresoxim-methyl. Biological evaluation in human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells showed that most of the synthesized kresoxim-methyl analogues possessed moderate to potent inhibitory activity against hypoxia-induced HIF-1 transcriptional activation. Three candidates, compounds 11b, 11c, and 11d were identified as potent inhibitors against HIF-1 activation with IC50 values of 0.60–0.94?μM. Under hypoxic condition, compounds 11b, 11c, and 11d increased the intracellular oxygen contents, thereby attenuating the hypoxia-induced accumulation of HIF-1α protein.
- Lee, Sanghyuck,Kwon, Oh Seok,Lee, Chang-Soo,Won, Misun,Ban, Hyun Seung,Ra, Choon Sup
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p. 3026 - 3029
(2017/05/31)
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- Thermally Induced Denitrogenative Annulation for the Synthesis of Dihydroquinolinimines and Chroman-4-imines
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A rapid growth in synthetic methods for the preparation of diverse organic molecules using N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles is of great interest in organic synthesis. Transition metals are generally used to activate the α-imino diazo intermediates. Metal-free methods have not been studied in detail, but can be a good complement to transition metal catalysis in the mild reaction conditions. We herein report a novel method for the preparation of 2,3-dihydroquinolin-4-imine and chroman-4-imine analogs from their corresponding N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles in the absence of metal catalysts. To achieve intramolecular annulation, the introduction of an electron-donating group is required at the meta position of N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole methyl anilines. The inclusion of tailored substituents on the aniline moieties and nitrogen atoms enhances the nucleophilicity of the phenyl π-electrons, thus allowing them to undergo a Friedel-Crafts-type reaction with the highly electrophilic ketenimines. This metal-free method was carefully optimized to generate a variety of dihydroquinolin-4-imines and chroman-4-imines in moderate-to-good yields.
- Chou, Chih-Hung,Chen, Ying-Yu,Rajagopal, Basker,Tu, Hsiu-Chung,Chen, Kuan-Lin,Wang, Sheng-Fu,Liang, Chien-Fu,Tyan, Yu-Chang,Lin, Po-Chiao
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supporting information
p. 757 - 765
(2016/03/09)
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- Hydrogen-bonded bent-core blue phase liquid crystal complexes containing various molar ratios of proton acceptors and donors
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Various hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) bent-core liquid crystal complexes consisting of pyridyl and benzoic acid derivatives were synthesized and compared with their covalent analogues in this study. The molar ratios of pyridyl and benzoic acid derivatives could be tuned to form various H-bonded liquid crystal (LC) diads (with 1:1 molar ratio of H-acceptors T and H-donors D) and complexes (with different molar ratios of T and D). By insertion of H-bonds into different positions of bent-core supramolecules, the mesophasic properties of H-bonded bent-core LC complexes were optimized, which could facilitate the most suitable LC components and compositions to be utilized in H-bonded blue phase (BP) LC complexes. In BPLC complexes, the molar ratios, alkyl chain lengths, the lateral fluoro-substitution and the chiral center of H-bonded bent-core supramolecules would affect the temperature ranges of BPs. Accordingly, H-bonded bent-core complex PIIIC9/AIIF? (3/7 mol mol-1) displayed the widest BPI range of ΔTBPI = 12.0 °C at the correspondent H-acceptor T = PIIIC9 and H-donor D = AIIF?. Since the covalent-bonded bent-core mixture only had narrow ranges of BPIII, we could summarize that the introduction of H-bonds into the bent-core center effectively stabilizes the BPs and easier induces the BPI.
- Han, Chun-Chieh,Chou, Yu-Chaing,Chen, San-Yuan,Lin, Hong-Cheu
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p. 32319 - 32327
(2016/04/26)
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- The flavan-isoflavan rearrangement: Bioinspired synthetic access to isoflavonoids via 1,2-shift-alkylation sequence
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An approach to 2-substituted isoflavonoids is reported based on the 1,2-shift of the aryl group in the catechin skeleton followed by the in situ alkylation. Synthesis of (-)-equol, a natural isoflavan with estrogenic activities, was achieved.
- Nakamura, Kayo,Ohmori, Ken,Suzuki, Keisuke
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supporting information
p. 7012 - 7014
(2015/04/22)
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- PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS
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The present invention relates to a novel family of inhibitors of protein kinases. In particular, the present invention relates to inhibitors of the members of the Tec and Src protein kinase families.
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Paragraph 0089-0090
(2015/07/15)
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- Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a series of alkoxy-3-indolylacetic acids as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ/δ agonists We dedicate this article to Professor Young-Ger Suh on the occasion of his retirement.
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Abstract A series of alkoxy-3-indolylacetic acid analogs has been discovered as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists. Structure-activity relationship study indicated that PPARα/γ/δ activities were dependent on the nature of the hydrophobic group, the attachment position of the alkoxy linker to the indole ring, and N-alkylation of indole nitrogen. Some compounds presented significant PPARγ/δ activity and molecular modeling suggested their putative binding modes in the ligand binding domain of PPARγ. Of these, compound 51 was selected for in vivo study via an evaluation of microsomal stability in mouse and human liver. Compound 51 lowered the levels of fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HbA1c without gain in body weight in db/db mice. When compound 51 was treated, hepatic triglycerides level and the size of adipocytes in white adipose tissue of db/db mice were also reduced as opposed to treatment with rosiglitazone. Taken together, compound 51 shows high potential warranting further studies in models for diabetes and related metabolic disorders and may be in use as a chemical tool for the understanding of PPAR biology.
- Gim, Hyo Jin,Li, Hua,Jeong, Ji Hye,Lee, Su Jeong,Sung, Mi-Kyung,Song, Mi-Young,Park, Byung-Hyun,Oh, Soo Jin,Ryu, Jae-Ha,Jeon, Raok
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supporting information
p. 3322 - 3336
(2015/08/03)
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- Hydrolysis of diazonium salts using a two-phase system (CPME and water)
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A new method for the hydrolysis of diazonium salts, without the formation of tar, was developed. A two-phase system consisting of cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) and water is very effective for the hydrolysis of diazonium salts. Using this solvent system, the diazonium salt prepared from 3-(4-nitrophenoxy)aniline gave 3-(4-nitrophenoxy)phenol in high yield (96%) within 20 min. The synthesized phenol is an industrially important raw material in polymer syntheses. Furthermore, the use of the present two-phase system of CPME and water successfully brought about the efficient conversions of several m-substituted anilines into the corresponding m-substituted phenols. This is the first example of hydrolysis of diazonium salts using the two-phase system (CPME and water).
- Taniguchi, Toshihide,Imoto, Mitsutaka,Takeda, Motonori,Nakai, Takeo,Mihara, Masatoshi,Iwai, Toshiyuki,Ito, Takatoshi,Mizuno, Takumi,Nomoto, Akihiro,Ogawa, Akiya
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p. 411 - 416
(2018/01/18)
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- DUAL SGLT1/SGLT2 INHIBITORS
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The present invention relates to compounds of Formula (I), or a form thereof, wherein A, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are as defined herein, useful as dual SGLT1/SGLT2 inhibitors.
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Paragraph 0399
(2014/09/29)
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- Synthesis of phenyl-1-benzoxepinols isolated from butcher's broom and analogous benzoxepines
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Extracts of Ruscus aculeatus L., known as butcher's broom, are mainly used for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). In a recent study on the phenolic compounds of Rusci rhizoma, new phenyl-1-benzoxepinols were isolated. As the therapeutic effect of butcher's broom is ascribed to the pharmacological activity of the main constituents, steroidal saponins and their aglycones the ruscogenins, the role of the newly identified compounds was of interest. Owing to the low availability of the compounds by isolation, we synthesized them for pharmacological testing. In an ORAC-fluorescein assay they revealed a significant antioxidative activity, which may contribute to the anti-inflammatory properties of the phenolic fraction obtained from Rusci rhizoma extracts. Copyright
- Herrmann, Josef M.,Untergehrer, Monika,Juergenliemk, Guido,Heilmann, Joerg,Koenig, Burkhard
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supporting information
p. 3170 - 3181
(2014/06/09)
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- Reductive removal of methoxyacetyl protective group using sodium borohydride
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Herein, we have developed a mild and selective reductive deprotection method for the MAc protected alcohols using sodium borohydride. The new deprotection conditions provide a complete orthogonality between O-MAc and other protecting groups such as tert-butyl ester, N-Boc, Fmoc, Cbz, O-TBDMS, N-benzyl, O-benzyl, O-acetyl, N-acetyl, N-MAc, etc. In addition to O-MAc deprotection, this method is also applicable for S-MAc deprotection.
- Gadekar, Pradip K.,Hoermann, Maryann,Corbo, Faith,Sharma, Rajiv,Sarveswari,Roychowdhury, Abhijit
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p. 503 - 506
(2014/01/06)
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- Photo and electrically switchable behavior of azobenzene containing pendant bent-core liquid crystalline polymers
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New class of photo and electrically switchable azobenzene containing pendant bent-core liquid crystalline monomers (AZBM 1, 2, and 3) and their polymers (AZBP 1, 2, and 3) are reported. The synthesized precursors, monomers, and polymers were characterized by FT-IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Thermal stability of polymers was examined by thermogravimetric analysis and revealed stable up to 260 °C. The mesophase transition of monomers and polymers are observed through polarized optical microscopy (POM) and further confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The electrically switching property of monomers and their polymers were studied by electro-optical method. Among the three monomers AZBM 1, 2, and 3, AZBM 1 and 2 exhibit antiferroelectric (AF) switching and AZBM 3 exhibits ferroelectric (F) switching behavior. On the other hand, low molecular weight polymers (AZMP 1, 2, and 3) show weak AF and F switching behavior. The photo-switching properties of bent-core azo polymers are investigated using UV-vis spectroscopy, trans to cis isomerization occurs around 25 s for AZBP-1 and 30 s for AZBP-2 and 3 in chloroform, whereas reverse processes take place around 80 and 90 s.
- Srinivasan, M. Vijay,Kannan,Roy
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p. 936 - 946
(2013/03/28)
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- Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of EGCG analogues, a recently identified Hsp90 inhibitor
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Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the principal polyphenol isolated from green tea, was recently shown to inhibit Hsp90; however, structure-activity relationships for this natural product have not yet been produced. Herein, we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of EGCG analogues to establish structure-activity relationships between EGCG and Hsp90. All four rings as well as the linker connecting the C- and the D-rings were systematically investigated, which led to the discovery of compounds that inhibit Hs90 and display improvement in efficacy over EGCG. Antiproliferative activity of all the analogues was determined against MCF-7 and SKBr3 cell lines and Hsp90 inhibitory activity of the four most potent analogues was further evaluated by Western blot analyses and degradation of Hsp90-dependent client proteins. The prenyl-substituted aryl ester of 3,5-dihydroxychroman-3-ol ring system was identified as a novel scaffold that exhibits Hsp90 inhibitory activity.
- Khandelwal, Anuj,Hall, Jessica A.,Blagg, Brian S.J.
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p. 7859 - 7884
(2013/09/12)
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- PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITORS
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The present invention relates to a novel family of inhibitors of protein kinases. In particular, the present invention relates to inhibitors of the members of the Tec and Src protein kinase families.
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Page/Page column 25-26
(2014/01/07)
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- Copper MOF: Scope and limitation in catalytic hydroxylation and nitration of aryl halides
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The potential catalytic application of MOFs like [Cu3(btc) 2] (btc=1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate), [Cu(bdc)] (bdc=1,4- benzenedicarboxylate), [Cu(pymo)2] (pymo=2-hydroxypyrimidinalote) and [Cu(im)2] (im=imidazolate) was explored in the hydroxylation and nitration of aryl halides. Cu3(btc)2 was found to be superior for both the reactions furnishing good to excellent yields of the respective products. The studies demonstrated that MOFs are not recyclable, attributable to their instability in the highly polar and basic conditions demanded for these reactions. Complete transformation of MOFs to copper oxide nanoparticles occurred in hydroxylation, whereas significant alteration in frameworks was observed for the recovered catalyst in nitration.
- Priyadarshini,Amal Joseph,Kantam, M. Lakshmi,Sreedhar
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p. 6409 - 6414
(2013/07/26)
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- Electro-optical switching studies on 1,3-phenylene based banana shaped liquid crystals
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This work deals with the study of the thermotropic liquid crystalline properties of new asymmetric bent core liquid crystals. The thermotropic properties was analyzed by polarized optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetric analysis and variable temperature X-ray diffraction measurements. Effect of equal terminal chain with asymmetric bent core system on mesomorphic behavior was examined. The shorter methyl chain compound 10a of exhibits B 1 mesophase and higher homologs (10b and 10c) shows antiferroelectric B2 mesophases, which was studied by electro-optical measurements.
- Balamurugan,Kannan,Yadupati,Roy
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experimental part
p. 118 - 124
(2011/10/03)
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- Acidic rearrangement of (benzyloxy)chalcones: A short synthesis of chamanetin
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Treatment of (benzyloxy)chalcones with trifluoroacetic acid in refluxing chloroform gave several new benzyl(hydroxy)flavanones in high yields and good regioselectivities. By using this procedure, we prepared the natural compound chamanetin in good yield from readily available reagents. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart - New York.
- Sagrera, Gabriel,Seoane, Gustavo
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experimental part
p. 4190 - 4202
(2011/03/20)
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- COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR INHIBITING SPHINGOSINE KINASE
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Amidine analogs that can inhibit the activity of sphingosine kinase 1 and sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK1 and SphK2) are provided. The compounds can prevent angiogenesis in tumor cells.
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Page/Page column 47-48
(2009/12/27)
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- Synthesis of ethyl 3-(hydroxyphenoxy)benzyl butylphosphonates as potential antigen 85C inhibitors
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All three isomers of ethyl 3-(hydroxyphenoxy)benzyl butylphosphonates as potential antigen 85C inhibitors were synthesized from 3-bromobenzoic acid using Ullman diaryl ether synthesis combined with benzyl- and trityl protection strategy for the phenol hydroxyl groups.
- Frlan, Rok,Gobec, Stanislav,Kikelj, Danijel
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p. 10698 - 10708
(2008/02/13)
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- NOVEL ANTIMALARIA AGENT CONTAINING HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND
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Disclosed is an antimalarial agent containing a compound represented by the formula: [wherein A1 represents a 3-pyridyl group that may have a substituent, a 6-quinolyl group that may have a substituent, or the like; X1 represents a group represented by the formula -C(=O)-NH- or the like; E represents a furyl group, a thienyl group or a phenyl group; with the proviso that A1 may have one to three substituents, and E has one of two substituents] or a salt thereof or hydrates thereof.
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Page/Page column 71
(2008/06/13)
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- FIBRATE COMPOUNDS HAVING PPAR AGONIST ACTIVITY
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There are provided derivatives having PPAR agonist activity. The derivatives include compounds and/or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts; the compounds having the formula (I) wherein A has the structure (II) or (III); X is chosen from -CH2-, -O-, -NH-, and -S-; Y is chosen from -O-, -NH-, and -S-; Z, which may be located in any position of substitution, is hydrogen or halogen; R1 and R2, which may be the same or different, are independently chosen from hydrogen and C1-C8 alkyl, or R1 and R2 together form a carbocyclic ring having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms; R3 is chosen from hydrogen and C1-C8 alkyl; R4, R5, and R6, which may be the same or different, are independently chosen from hydrogen and C1-C8 alkyl; and n is 1 to 6. Various embodiments and variants are provided. In accordance with other aspects, the invention also provides methods of producing a PPARα agonist activity in a mammal, the methods including administering to the mammal an effective amount of certain derivative(s) of the first aspect of the invention, a method of producing a PPARα agonist activity and a PPARα agonist activity in a mammal, the method including administering to the mammal an effective amount of certain derivative(s); and a pharmaceutical composition that includes the derivative(s) of the first aspect of the invention and one or more pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients. Various embodiments and variants are provided.
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Page/Page column 44-45
(2010/10/20)
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- NOVEL ANTIFUNGAL AGENT COMPRISING HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND
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The present invention provides an antifungal agent represented by the formula: [wherein A1 represents a 3-pyridyl group which may have a substituent, a quinolyl group which may have a substituent, or the like; X1 represents a group represented by the formula -NH-C(=O)-, a group represented by the formula -C(=O)-NH-, or the like; E represents a furyl group, a thienyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a phenyl group, a pyridyl group, a tetrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group or a pyrazolyl group; with the proviso that A1 may have 1 to 3 substituents, and E has one or two substituents].
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Page/Page column 81
(2010/11/08)
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- Therapeutic diphenyl ether ligands
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This invention is directed to compounds of formula Ia, Ib or Ic and to pharmaceutical compositions thereof: or a prodrug thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the R groups are defined in the specification; and, in which the dashed line represents an optional double bond. The invention is also directed to methods of treating, diagnosing, and preventing disorders of the central nervous system that are associated with 5HT receptors, including obesity, attention deficit disorder, migraine, depression, epilepsy, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, withdrawal from drug abuse, pain, schizophrenia, stress-related disorders, panic disorder, sleep disorders, phobias, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic-stress syndrome, immune system depression, stress-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction, stress-induced cardiovascular dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction.
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Page/Page column 36
(2010/10/20)
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- Structure-activity relationship of wedelolactone analogues: Structural requirements for inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase and binding to the central benzodiazepine receptor
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Coumestans 2a-i, bearing different patterns of substitution in A- and D-rings, were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of kidney Na+,K+-ATPase and ligands for the central benzodiazepine (BZP) receptor. The presence of a hydroxyl group in position 2 favours the effect on Na+,K+-ATPase but decreases the affinity for the BZP receptor, allowing the design of more selective molecules than the natural wedelolactone. On the other hand, the presence of a catechol in ring D is important for the effect on both molecular targets.
- Pocas, Elisa S.C.,Lopes, Daniele V.S.,da Silva, Alcides J.M.,Pimenta, Paulo H.C.,Leitao, Fernanda B.,Netto, Chaquip D.,Buarque, Camilla D.,Brito, Flavia V.,Costa, Paulo R.R.,Noel, Francois
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p. 7962 - 7966
(2007/10/03)
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- Dopamine/serotonin receptor ligands. 9.1 oxygen-containing midsized heterocyclic ring systems and nonrigidized analogues. A step toward dopamine D5 receptor selectivity
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Eleven-membered heterocycles (dibenz[g,j]-1-oxa-4-azacycloundecenes) and open-chain analogues were synthesized and investigated for affinities to human dopamine receptor subtypes. The moderately rigidized rings displayed nanomolar and subnanomolar Ki values at D1-like receptors with a significant D1 to D2 and a slight D5 to D 1 selectivity. The open-chain analogues showed lower affinities but significant D1 to D2 selectivities. Compound 3 (K i(D5) = 0.57 nmol) showed antagonistic or inverse agonistic binding characteristics in a functional Ca assay.
- Wittig, Thomas W.,Decker, Michael,Lehmann, Jochen
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p. 4155 - 4158
(2007/10/03)
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- Compound
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There is provided a compound of Formula I 1 wherein each T is independently selected from H, hydrocarbyl, —F—R, and a bond with one of D, E, P or Q, or together with one of P and Q forms a ring; Z is a suitable atom the valency of which is m; D, E and F are each independently of each other an optional linker group, wherein when Z is nitrogen E is other than CH2 and C═O; P, Q and R are independently of each other a ring system; and at least Q comprises a sulphamate group.
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Page/Page column 64
(2008/06/13)
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- The desymmetrisation of resorcinol: The synthesis of resorcinol monoalkyl ethers
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The desymmetrisation of resorcinol to give 3-alkoxyresorcinol derivatives can be achieved in excellent yields either from resorcinol monobenzoate and alcohols using Mitsunobu reactions followed by hydrolysis using a strong base or by using 3-iodophenylbenzyl ether as a resorcinol monobenzyl ether equivalent in reactions with alcohols catalysed by copper(I)-9,10-phenanthroline followed by ammonium formate-palladium catalysed hydrogenolysis.
- Boxhall, Jonathan Y.,Page, Philip C. Bulman,Chan, Yohan,Hayman, Colin M.,Heaney, Harry,McGrath, Matthew J.
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p. 997 - 1001
(2007/10/03)
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- 4-Chromenesulphones: Synthesis and transformation to isoflavonoid models
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Novel sulphones derived from chromenes through substitution at C-4 were prepared. It has been shown that, after conjugate addition of phenyl lithium and sulphone function manipulation on the adducts, these molecules lead to isoflavan, isoflavene and isoflavanone models.
- Simas, Alessandro Bolis C.,Furtado, Luis F.O.,Costa, Paulo R.R.
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p. 6893 - 6895
(2007/10/03)
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- Novel synthesis of monoethers of hydroquinone and resorcinol on soluble polymer-supports
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Monoethers of hydroquinone and resorcinol were easily prepared using PEG as soluble polymer-supports, monoprotection group and phase transfer catalyst with good yields and high selectivity of functionlization in homogenous solution.
- Yang, Guichun,Chen, Zuxing,Zhang, Zhaojun,Qiu, Xiaoling
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p. 3637 - 3642
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis and bovine β3-adrenergic agonistic activities of a novel series of aryloxypropanolamines
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We synthesized a novel series of 21 aryloxypropanolamine compounds characterized by N-alkyl, aralkyl, and aryl substituents. The compounds showed potent β3-adrenergic agonistic activities in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the bovine β3-adrenoceptors with Kact and Ki values of 4.2 ± 3.0 nM and 459 ± 169 nM respectively, for the ligand with the best compromise between potency and affinity. Structure-activity relationships are discussed.
- El Hadri,Nicolle,Guillaume,Leclerc,Pietri-Rouxel,Strosberg,Archimbault
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p. 517 - 522
(2007/10/03)
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- Amidino protease inhibitors
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Amidino and benzamidino compounds, including compounds of the formula: wherein R1-R4, R6-R9, Y, Z, n and m are set forth in the specification, as well as hydrates, solvates or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that inhibit a number of proteolytic enzymes are described. Also described are methods for preparing the compounds of Formula I.
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- GUANIDINO PROTEASE INHIBITORS
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Compounds of the formula: STR1 wherein R 1--R 4, R. sup.7--R 8, R a, R b, R c, Y, Z, n and m are set forth in the specification, as well as hydrates, solvates or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that inhibit a number of proteolytic enzymes are described. Also described are methods for preparing the compounds of Formula I.
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- Translational Isomerism in Some Two- and Three-Station [2]Rotaxanes
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The template-directed syntheses of three [2]rotaxanes are described. They all have dumbbell , components, with both hydroquinone and resorcinol rings inserted into polyether chains terminated by tetraarylmethane stoppers, that become encircled during the key self-assembly processes by the tetracationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), with its two π-electron deficient bipyridinium units. It has been demonstrated by low-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy that the π-electron deficient tetracationic cyclophane has a remarkably high preference to reside around the hydroquinone ring in these molecular shuttles. This observation illustrates how a very small constitutional difference-hydroquinone versus resorcinol recognition sites-can lead to the overwhelming preference for one translational isomer over another in this particular range of [2]rotaxanes.
- Amabilino, David B.,Ashton, Peter R.,Boyd, Sue E.,Gomez-Lopez, Marcos,Hayes, Wayne,Stoddart, J. Fraser
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p. 3062 - 3075
(2007/10/03)
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- A facile access to substituted 2-nitrosophenols and 2-nitrophenols via regioselective nitrosation of resorcinol monoethers
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Solid sodium nitrite in anhydrous propionic acid is an effective system for regioselective nitrosation of the subject compounds. High yields of pure 2-nitroso products are obtained rapidly and efficiently. Attack at the 4-position becomes competitive if water is present in the medium. The 5-alkoxy (but not the 3,5-dialkoxy)-2-nitrosphenols can be easily oxidized with nitric acid to yield the corresponding 2-nitro compounds.
- Maleski,Kluge,Sicker
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p. 2327 - 2335
(2007/10/02)
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- Complexation of Paraquat and Diquat by a Bismetaphenylene-32-crown-10 Derivative
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U.v. and 1H n.m.r. spectroscopic studies in solution on the 1:1 complexes both 2 and 2 form with the bismethaphenylene-32-crown-10 derivative (BMP32C10), supported y X-ray crystal structures on the free BMP32C10 and 2*Me2CO, provide further fundamental understanding of the electronic and steric nature of the intermolecular noncovalent interactions that are that are essential to the successful design and synthesis of a molecular receptor for optimal binding of the 2+ dication.
- Allwood, Billy L.,Shahriari-Zavareh, Hooshang,Stoddart, J. Fraser,Williams, David J.
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p. 1058 - 1061
(2007/10/02)
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- Structure-Activity Relationships of Kadsurenone Analogues
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Kadsurenone, a specific receptor antagonist of platelet-activating factor (PAF), and its analogues were prepared from derivatives of cinnamyl alcohol and (allyloxy)phenol.Racemic kadsurenone, resolvable by a Chiralpak column at low temperatures, has an IC50 value of 2 * 10-7 M, which is about 50percent of the activity of the natural product (IC50 = 1 * 10-7 M).The structural specificity of kadsurenone was further demonstrated by the low PAF-receptor-blocking activities of denudatin B, mirandin A, desallylkadsurenone, and the 2-epimer of kadsurenone.
- Ponpipom, Mitree M.,Bugianesi, Robert L.,Brooker, David R.,Yue, Bao-Zhen,Hwang, San-Bao,Shen, Tsung-Ying
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p. 136 - 142
(2007/10/02)
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