- Synthesis and Characteristics of Dodecyl Isopropylolamine and Derived Surfactants
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Dodecyl isopropylolamine has been synthesized on the basis of dodecylamine and propylene oxide. The structure of dodecyl isopropanolamine has been determined by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR- and NMR-spectroscopic methods. Ionic surfactants have been synthesized by interaction of dodecyl isopropylolamine with various acids (HCl, HBr, acetic and propionic) and alkyl halides (methyl iodide, ethyl bromide and n-propyl bromide). Colloidal-chemical parameters, petroleum-collecting and petroleum dispersing capacities of the synthesized cationic surfactants have been studied.
- Asadov, Ziyafaddin H.,Rahimov, Ravan A.,Mammadova, Khuraman A.,Gurbanov, Atash V.,Ahmadova, Gulnara A.
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- Surface Activity, Adsorption, and Micellization Parameters of Ammonium Surfactants Containing a Hydroxyethyl and Hydroxyisopropyl Head Group
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On the basis of measurements of conductivity and surface activity, adsorption and micellization parameters such as critical micellization concentration (CMC), adsorption efficiency, effectiveness of surface tension reduction, and a degree of counterion dissociation (α) for four new ammonium surfactants, octyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl) ammonium chloride, nonyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl) ammonium chloride, dodecyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl) ammonium chloride, and hexadecyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-hydroxypropyl) ammonium chloride in aqueous solutions have been determined. The values of CMC determined by two different methods are compared, and they show reasonable agreement. Using the results of electroconductometric and tensiometric measurements, enthalpy (ΔH), the Gibbs free energy (ΔG), and entropy (ΔS) for processes of adsorption and micellization have been computed. The influence of the length of the alkyl chain in the synthesized salts on surface activity and thermodynamic parameters has been clarified. The petrocollecting capacity of the obtained surfactants has been studied on the surface of waters having various mineralization degrees. It has been revealed that the surfactant containing C12 chain is the most effective petrocollecting reagent among the synthesized salts.
- Asadov, Ziyafaddin H,Ahmadova, Gulnara A,Rahimov, Ravan A.,Abilova, Aygul Z,Nazarov, Iqrar G,Zubkov, Fedor I
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- Aggregation and antimicrobial properties of gemini surfactants with mono- and di-(2-hydroxypropyl)ammonium head-groups: Effect of the spacer length and computational studies
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Cationic gemini surfactants, alkanediyl-α,ω-bis[(2-hydroxypropyl)dodecylammonium] dibromide (abbreviated as C12-s-C12[iso-Pr(OH)] and C12-s-C12[iso-Pr(OH)]2, with s = 2, 3, 4 and 5) have been synthesized, and their aggregation properties in aqueous solution have been studied by surface tension, electrical conductivity and dynamic light scattering methods. On the basis of the results of studying aqueous solutions of the synthesized gemini surfactants by tensiometric and conductometric methods, their principal surfactivity parameters, such as the degree of counterion binding (β), critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness of surface tension reduction (πCMC), surface excess concentration (Γmax), area per molecule at the interface (Amin), changes of Gibbs free energies of adsorption (ΔGad) and micellization (ΔGmic) have been calculated. For both classes of these gemini surfactants, a character of the surfactivity parameters change with an elongation of the spacer chain was defined and comparative analysis with other ammonium-type gemini surfactants having different head-groups was performed. Using dynamic light scattering method, regularities of variation of the aggregates sizes were studied depending on the number of 2-hydroxypropyl groups and the spacer chain length was investigated. Meanwhile, it was revealed that the mentioned gemini surfactants possess antimicrobial properties. The mechanism of the epoxide ring opening and salt formation reactions were calculated by using Kohn–Sham DFT with the B3LYP functional. The epoxide ring opening via primary (dodecylamine) and secondary (INT2) amines was determined as exergonic (13.4 and 4.4 kcal/mol) reactions as observed experimentally.
- Asadov, Ziyafaddin H.,Ahmadova, Gulnara A.,Rahimov, Ravan A.,Hashimzade, Seyid-Zeynab F.,Abdullayev, Yusif,Ismailov, Etibar H.,Suleymanova, Samira A.,Asadova, Nahida Z.,Zubkov, Fedor I.,Autschbach, Jochen
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- Polyfunctionalized N-Tensides. IV. - Synthesis of Hydroxy- and Chlorine Substituted Alkylamines - Structure Dependence on the Extraction of Zinc Ions from Hydrochloric Acid
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A few series of long-chained amines with or without further functional groups in the shorter alkyl chains were synthesised and checked for their extraction power for zinc ions.The extrability of zinc increase in the order secondary tertiary quarternary amino function, is independent of the length of the longest alkyl chain between ten and sixteen carbon atoms and increase with a given substituent R in the order OH ca./= H Cl.In general there are only small differences between most of the checked amines.
- Schade, W.,Beger, J.,Jacobi, R.,Neumann, R.
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p. 364 - 374
(2007/10/02)
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