- Electrochemistry Enabled Nickel-Catalyzed Selective C?S Bond Coupling Reaction
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This work describes an electrochemical enabled nickel-catalyzed chemoselective C?S bond coupling protocol for the production of aryl sulfides and sulfones. By simply switching the nickel catalysts and electrodes, this electrochemical C?S bond coupling has demonstrated excellent redox activity, scalability and sustainability. Furthermore, the mechanism for this electrochemical cross-coupling reaction has been investigated.
- Pan, Yi,Wang, Yang,Wang, Yi,Zhang, Feng
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- Palladium Complex Immobilized on Magnetic Nanoparticles Modified with 2-Aminopyridine Ligand: A Novel and Efficient Recoverable Nanocatalyst for C–S and C–Se Coupling Reactions
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A novel, versatile and efficient magnetically recoverable palladium nanocatalyst [Fe3O4@SiO2/2-aminopyridine-Pd(II)] was fabricated via the immobilization of palladium(II) complex on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles modified with 2-aminopyridine ligand. The structure of the as-fabricated Fe3O4@SiO2/2-aminopyridine-Pd(II) nanocomposite was characterized by a series of spectroscopic techniques including FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX, TGA, XRD, VSM and ICP-OES techniques. The Fe3O4@SiO2/2-aminopyridine-Pd(II) nanocomposite was utilized under mild and eco-friendly conditions in C–S and C–Se coupling reactions to afford a vast variety of diaryl sulfides and diaryl selenides with good to excellent yields. This heterogeneous palladium catalyst can be magnetically separated and reused for at least 7 consecutive trials without any reduction in activity. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Lu, Lu,Luo, Jia,Wang, Weiqi,Xu, Xiaoqing,Zhang, Jingzheng
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- Methods, Syntheses and Characterization of Diaryl, Aryl Benzyl, and Dibenzyl Sulfides
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Twenty-four aryl benzyl sulfides, diaryl sulfides and dibenzyl sulfides were synthesized by four methods and characterized by 1H NMR, FT-IR and Gas chromatography. The reaction conditions of different synthesis methods were studied from the aspects of time, solvent, base and dispersant. The molecular structures of benzylphenyl sulfide (2S), (4-tert-butylbenzyl)(4-methylphenyl) sulfide (4S), (4-methylbenzyl)(4-methylphenyl) sulfide (9S), di(4-methylphenyl) sulfide (11S), (3,5-dimethylphenyl)(4-methyl phenyl) sulfide (15S), and dibenzyl sulfide (19S) [22] have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Compounds 2S and 15S crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with a = 12.278(3), b = 15.894(3), c = 5.6056(11) ?, β = 94.532(2)°, and Z = 4 for 2S, and a = 9.800(9), b = 7.950(7), c = 16.690(15) ?, β = 100.890(12)°, and Z = 4 for 15S. The unit cell of 4S has a triclinic Pī symmetry with the cell parameters a = 6.0436(10), b = 8.7871(14), c = 15.535(2) ?, α = 81.921(2)°, β = 81.977(2)°, γ = 80.889(2)°, and Z = 2. Compounds 9S and 11S both crystallize in the orthorhombic space group P212121, with a = 6.188(3), b = 8.041(4), c = 26.005(14) ?, and Z = 4 for 9S, and a = 5.835(2), b = 8.010(3), c = 25.131(9) ?, and Z = 4 for 11S. Graphic Abstract: Twenty-four aryl sulfide compounds with different substituents were synthesized and characterized, and the molecular structures of six different sulfide compounds have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Zhou, Wen-Yan,Chen, Min,Zhang, Pei-Zhi,Jia, Ai-Quan,Zhang, Qian-Feng
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p. 301 - 310
(2020/09/07)
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- A Visible-Light-Harvesting Covalent Organic Framework Bearing Single Nickel Sites as a Highly Efficient Sulfur–Carbon Cross-Coupling Dual Catalyst
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Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) have recently emerged as light-harvesting devices, as well as elegant heterogeneous catalysts. The combination of these two properties into a dual catalyst has not yet been explored. We report a new photosensitive triazine-based COF, decorated with single Ni sites to form a dual catalyst. This crystalline and highly porous catalyst shows excellent catalytic performance in the visible-light-driven catalytic sulfur–carbon cross-coupling reaction. Incorporation of single transition metal sites in a photosensitive COF scaffold with two-component synergistic catalyst in organic transformation is demonstrated for the first time.
- Chen, Hui,Liu, Wanlu,Laemont, Andreas,Krishnaraj, Chidharth,Feng, Xiao,Rohman, Fadli,Meledina, Maria,Zhang, Qiqi,Van Deun, Rik,Leus, Karen,Van Der Voort, Pascal
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supporting information
p. 10820 - 10827
(2021/04/09)
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- Ni(II) Precatalysts Enable Thioetherification of (Hetero)Aryl Halides and Tosylates and Tandem C?S/C?N Couplings
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Ni-catalyzed C?S cross-coupling reactions have received less attention compared with other C-heteroatom couplings. Most reported examples comprise the thioetherification of most reactive aryl iodides with aromatic thiols. The use of C?O electrophiles in this context is almost uncharted. Here, we describe that preformed Ni(II) precatalysts of the type NiCl(allyl)(PMe2Ar’) (Ar’=terphenyl group) efficiently couple a wide range of (hetero)aryl halides, including challenging aryl chlorides, with a variety of aromatic and aliphatic thiols. Aryl and alkenyl tosylates are also well tolerated, demonstrating, for the first time, to be competent electrophilic partners in Ni-catalyzed C?S bond formation. The chemoselective functionalization of the C?I bond in the presence of a C?Cl bond allows for designing site-selective tandem C?S/C?N couplings. The formation of the two C-heteroatom bonds takes place in a single operation and represents a rare example of dual electrophile/nucleophile chemoselective process.
- Martín, M. Trinidad,Marín, Mario,Maya, Celia,Prieto, Auxiliadora,Nicasio, M. Carmen
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supporting information
p. 12320 - 12326
(2021/08/09)
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- Redox-active benzimidazolium sulfonamides as cationic thiolating reagents for reductive cross-coupling of organic halides
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Redox-active benzimidazolium sulfonamides as thiolating reagents have been developed for reductive C-S bond coupling. The IMDN-SO2R reagent provides a bench-stable cationic precursor to generate a portfolio of highly active N-S intermediates, which can be successfully applied in cross-electrophilic coupling with various organic halides. The employment of an electrophilic sulfur source solved the problem of catalyst deactivation and avoided odorous thiols, featuring practical conditions, broad substrate scope, and excellent tolerance.
- Zhang, Weigang,Huang, Mengjun,Zou, Zhenlei,Wu, Zhengguang,Ni, Shengyang,Kong, Lingyu,Zheng, Youxuan,Wang, Yi,Pan, Yi
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p. 2509 - 2514
(2021/03/01)
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- Palladium nanoparticles immobilized on a nano-silica triazine dendritic polymer: a recyclable and sustainable nanoreactor for C-S cross-coupling
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Dendrimers are of great interest due to their special structural topology and chemical versatility. Owing to their properties, dendrimers have found practical applications in catalytic processes as efficient nanoreactors. Therefore, we herein report an environmentally attractive strategy and highly efficient route for the synthesis of a wide variety of diaryl sulfides using palladium nanoparticles immobilized on a nano-silica triazine dendritic polymer (Pdnp-nSTDP) as a nanoreactor. In this manner, different diaryl or aryl heteroaryl sulfides and bis(aryl/heteroarylthio)benzene/anthracene/pyridine derivatives were preparedviaC-S cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with diaryl/diheteroaryl disulfides under thermal conditions and microwave irradiation. The catalyst could be easily recovered and reused several times without any significant loss of its activity.
- Amiri Rudbari, Hadi,Landarani-Isfahani, Amir,Mirkhani, Valiollah,Moghadam, Majid,Mohammadpoor-Baltork, Iraj,Tangestaninejad, Shahram
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p. 21198 - 21205
(2020/06/26)
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- Copper(I) selenophene-2-carboxylate (CuSC) promoted C–S cross-coupling reaction of thiols with aryl iodides
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We reported the synthesis of copper (I)-selenophene-2-carboxylate (CuSC) and application as new catalyst in the cross-coupling reactions of thiols with aryl iodide to afford the corresponding unsymmetrical thioethers. The optimized reaction conditions were applied to thiols and aryl iodides having a wide range of functional groups, including electron rich and electron poor substrates. The chemoselectivity of the reaction with 4-iodobromobenzene and 2-aminothiophenol derivatives was briefly examined through the competitive iodine versus bromine and thiol versus nitrogen cross-coupling.
- Barros, Olga Soares do Rêgo,Silva, Francielle Rodrigues,Nunes, Vanessa Loren
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- Synthesis of diaryl sulfides via nickel ferrite-catalysed C─S bond formation in green media
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NiFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized, characterized and applied as an air-stable, inexpensive and magnetically separable nanocatalyst for the synthesis of structurally diverse sulfides. Efficient methodologies were developed for the synthesis of unsymmetric diaryl sulfides via odourless and one-pot reactions of triphenyltin chloride/S8 or arylboronic acid/S8 as thiolating agents with aryl halides or nitroarenes as starting materials in the presence of base (K2CO3 or NaOH) and NiFe2O4 MNPs as a catalyst in water or poly (ethylene glycol) as solvent at 80–110?°C. Free from ligand and the unpleasant smell of thiols and with the use of magnetically reusable nanocatalyst, green solvents and commercially available and cheap sulfur source and starting materials, these methods are more eco-friendly and practical than available protocols for the synthesis of sulfides.
- Farzin, Shiva,Rahimi, Abdollah,Amiri, Kamran,Rostami, Abed,Rostami, Amin
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- Tridentate hydroxy-functionalised MCM-41-immobilised copper(I) complex as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for coupling of aryl iodides with thiols
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The C-S coupling reaction of aryl iodides with thiols was achieved at 110 °C in DMF/dioxane (V/V, 1:9) in the presence of a tridentate hydroxy-functionalised MCM-41-immobilised copper(I) complex [MCM-41-3OH-CuI] with Cs2CO3 as base to afford a variety of diaryl sulfides in good to excellent yields. The MCM-41-3OH-CuI catalyst can be easily recovered by a simple filtration and reused for at least six times without significant loss of activity.
- Yao, Fang,Zhang, Rongli,Wu, Yichao,Cai, Mingzhong
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p. 612 - 616
(2015/11/27)
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- Copper and l-sodium ascorbate catalyzed hydroxylation and aryloxylation of aryl halides
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CuSO4·5H2O and NaAsc catalyzed hydroxylation and C-O/C-S cross-coupling reactions of aryl halides with phenols or 4-methylbenzenethiol were described. A wide range of substrates and test cases highlight the synthetic utility of the approach. A series of phenols, diaryl ethers, alkylaryl ethers, and diaryl thioethers were synthesized in high yield.
- Song, Guang-Lin,Zhang, Zhang,Da, Yu-Xia,Wang, Xi-Cun
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p. 8823 - 8829
(2015/10/20)
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- (1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)methanol: An efficient bidentate ligand for copper catalyzed S-arylation of thiols
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An operationally simple, palladium-free synthetic protocol for thio-arylation using 0.5 mol % CuI and 1 mol % (1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)methanol as ligand is described. The ligand was found to be cheap, thermally stable, easy to synthesize, show simplicity in use and wide use in coupling reactions. Appropriately, the donor ability of the N=N bond of the benzotriazole ring and lone pair of electrons on the hydroxy group increases the bidentate ability of the ligand. Using this protocol, we have shown that a variety of aryl sulfides that can be synthesized in excellent yields from readily available aryl halide and thiols.
- Jhaa, Rajeev Ranjan,Choudharya, Deepak,Verma, Akhilesh K.
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p. 451 - 458
(2019/01/21)
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- Palladium Nanoparticles Immobilized on Nanosilica Triazine Dendritic Polymer (Pd np -nSTDP) as Catalyst in the Synthesis of Mono-, Di-, and Trisulfides through C-S Cross-Coupling Reactions
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A wide variety of diaryl sulfides has been synthesized in excellent yields via C-S cross-couplings of aryl/heteroaryl halides with aromatic/heteroaromatic thiols in the presence of palladium nanoparticles immobilized on nanosilica triazine dendritic polymer (Pd np -nSTDP) as a reusable catalyst under thermal conditions and microwave irradiation. Pd np -nSTDP also showed excellent catalytic activity for the preparation of a series of di- and trisulfides with benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, and/or 1,3,5-triazine as the central cores by one-pot multi C-S cross-coupling reactions. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart. New York.
- Isfahani, Amir Landarani,Mohammadpoor-Baltork, Iraj,Mirkhani, Valiollah,Moghadam, Majid,Khosropour, Ahmad Reza,Tangestaninejad, Shahram,Nasr-Esfahani, Mahboobeh,Rudbari, Hadi Amiri
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supporting information
p. 645 - 652
(2014/04/03)
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- Synthesis of copper(I) thiolate complexes in the thioetherification of aryl halides
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The copper(I) thiophenolato complexes 1-3 containing 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Me2phen) were isolated in excellent yields from reactions of [CuOtBu]4 with the dative ligands and subsequent addition of 1 equiv of arenethiol. These complexes were characterized spectroscopically and crystallographically. X-ray structural analysis of a single crystal of [(phen)Cu(μ-SC6H 5)]2 (1) revealed that this complex adopts a neutral dimeric form with a weak Cu-Cu bonding interaction. These complexes were found to react with iodoarenes to form aryl sulfide products. The intermediacy of such complexes in copper-catalyzed thioetherification of aryl halides was demonstrated by the reactivity with p-tolyl iodide and o-tolyl iodide to form two aryl thioethers with selectivities similar to those of catalytic reactions conducted with the same two iodoarenes.
- Chen, Chaohuang,Weng, Zhiqiang,Hartwig, John F.
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p. 8031 - 8037
(2013/01/16)
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- 8-hydroxyquinolin-N-oxide-promoted copper-catalyzed C-S cross-coupling of thiols with aryl iodides
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8-Hydroxyquinolin-N-oxide was identified as a superior ligand for CuI-catalyzed C-S coupling reactions of aryl iodides with thiols to afford the corresponding thioethers in excellent yield. The method shows excellent chemoselectivity and high functional-group tolerance in both coupling partners. Copyright
- Su, Kun,Qiu, Yatao,Yao, Yiwu,Zhang, Dayong,Jiang, Sheng
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supporting information
p. 2853 - 2857
(2013/02/21)
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- A highly efficient, ligand-free, and recyclable Cu2S-catalyzed coupling of aryl iodides with diaryl disulfides
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A highly efficient and ligand-free copper(I) sulfide catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of aryl iodides with diaryl disulfides was developed. With only 1 mol-% of Cu2S as the catalyst, iron powder as the reductant, and K2CO3 as the base, aryl iodides reacted with disulfides in DMSO at 90-110 °C for 18-24 h under an atmosphere of argon to give the corresponding aryl sulfides in good to excellent yields. In addition, the catalyst is recyclable and reusable with some loss of activity.
- Wang, Huifeng,Jiang, Linlin,Chen, Tao,Li, Yarning
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experimental part
p. 2324 - 2329
(2010/07/10)
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- Copper-catalyzed Ullmann coupling under ligand- and additive-free conditions. Part 2: S-Arylation of thiols with aryl iodides
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S-Arylation of a wide variety of substituted aryl and aliphatic thiols with aryl halides catalyzed by copper iodide under mild ligand- and additive-free conditions (nBu4NBr, PhMe, NaOH, reflux, 22 h) is accomplished in good to excellent product yields (up to 96%).
- Buranaprasertsuk, Pongchart,Chang, Joyce Wei Wei,Chavasiri, Warinthorn,Chan, Philip Wai Hong
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p. 2023 - 2025
(2008/09/19)
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- A general and efficient CuI/BtH catalyzed coupling of aryl halides with thiols
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We report an exceptionally mild, general and efficient copper catalyzed cross coupling reaction of aryl bromides and thiols using 0.5 mol % CuI and 1 mol % benzotriazole. Experimental simplicity, generality, functional group tolerance and low cost of the catalyst are advantages of the protocol.
- Verma, Akhilesh Kumar,Singh, Jaspal,Chaudhary, Ritu
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p. 7199 - 7202
(2008/03/11)
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- Microwave-assisted simple and efficient ligand free copper nanoparticle catalyzed aryl-sulfur bond formation
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A new protocol for the coupling of aryl iodides with thiophenols and alkanethiols catalyzed by copper nanoparticles under ligand-free condition has been developed. A variety of functionalized aryl sulfides are prepared in excellent yields under microwave irradiation for 5-7 min. A plausible radical mechanism has been suggested.
- Ranu, Brindaban C.,Saha, Amit,Jana, Ranjan
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p. 2690 - 2696
(2008/09/19)
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- Magnesium-Induced Copper-Catalyzed Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Diaryl Chalcogenide Compounds from Aryl Iodide via Cleavage of the Se-Se or S-S Bond
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The methodology for a copper-catalyzed preparation of diaryl chalcogenide compounds from aryl iodides and diphenyl dichalcogenide molecules is reported. Unsymmetrical diaryl sulfide or diaryl selenide can be synthesized from aryl iodide and PhYYPh (Y = S, Se) with a copper catalyst (CuI or Cu2O) and magnesium metal in one pot. This reaction can be carried out under neutral conditions according to an addition of magnesium metal as the reductive reagent. Furthermore, it is efficiently available for two monophenylchalcogenide groups generated from diphenyl dichalcogenide.
- Taniguchi, Nobukazu,Onami, Tetsuo
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p. 915 - 920
(2007/10/03)
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- One-step arylthiolation of aromatic compounds by disulfide radical cations generated from oxidation of diaryl disulfides with aluminium chloride
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Reactions of di(phenyl and 4-tolyl) disulfides 1a and 1b with PhX 3a-e (X = H, Me, Et, Ph and Cl) in the presence of AlCl3 at 25°C give diaryl sulfides 4-6 by aromatic arylthiolation via the disulfide radical cations 2, along with thiophenols 7 formed in the incomplete reactions. Competitive intramolecular reactions of 2a also yield diphenyl sulfide 4a or/and thianthrene 8. However, the reactions of bis(4-chlorophenyl and 4-fluorophenyl) disulfides 1c and 1d selectively lead to the aromatic arylthiolation in high yields. The Hammett ρ = -8.8 at 25°C for the phenylthiolation in the reactions of 1a is more negative than that (ρ = -7.0 at -30°C) using SbCl5 instead of AlCl3, and the value ρ = -8.0 for the arylthiolation using 1d is less negative than that using 1a. These and the other mechanistic aspects support the arylthiolations via 2.
- Takeuchi, Hiroshi,Suga, Keisuke
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p. 1803 - 1808
(2007/10/03)
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