4337-65-9Relevant articles and documents
Lubricant base oil and ester compounds
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Paragraph 0099; 0100, (2019/06/29)
[Problem] To provide: an ester compound having low viscosity, excellent fluidity even at low temperatures, and a high viscosity index; and a lubricating oil base oil that blends said compound therein. [Solution] The present invention provides an ester compound indicated by formula (I). Formula (I) (in formula (I), R1 indicates a C1–35 hydrocarbon group and at least one hydrogen in the hydrocarbon group can be independently substituted for a group indicated by formula (II)). Formula (II) (in formula (II), R2 indicates a C1–30 linear alkyl or a C3–30 branched alkyl.)
In vitro cytotoxic effects of DEHP-alternative plasticizers and their primary metabolites on a L929 cell line
Eljezi, Teuta,Pinta, Pierre,Richard, Damien,Pinguet, Jérémy,Chezal, Jean-Michel,Chagnon, Marie-Christine,Sautou, Valérie,Grimandi, Ga?l,Moreau, Emmanuel
, p. 452 - 459 (2017/02/05)
Phthalic acid esters have been widely used to improve the plasticity of PVC medical devices. They carry a high exposure risk for both humans and the environment in clinical situations. Our study focuses on the cytotoxicity of alternative plasticizers. Postulated primary metabolites were synthesized, not being commercially available. Cytotoxicity assays were performed on L929 murine cells according to the ISO-EN 10993-5 standard design for the biocompatibility of medical devices. The tested concentrations of plasticizers (0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/ml) covered the range likely to be found in biological fluids coming into direct contact with the medical devices. DEHP, DINP and DINCH were cytotoxic at the highest concentration (0.1 mg/ml) for 7 days of exposure. Their corresponding metabolites were found to be more cytotoxic, for the same concentration. By contrast, TOTM and its corresponding metabolite MOTM were not found to be cytotoxic. DEHA showed no cytotoxicity, but its corresponding monoester (MEHA) produced a cytotoxic effect at 0.05 mg/ml. In clinical situations, medical devices can release plasticizers, which can come into contact with patients. In vivo, the plasticizers are quickly transformed into primary metabolites. It is therefore important to measure the effects of both the plasticizers and their corresponding metabolites. Standard first-line cytotoxicity assays should be performed to ensure biocompatibility.
Synergism of microwaves and immobilized enzyme catalysis in synthesis of adipic acid esters in nonaqueous media
Yadav, Ganapati D.,Lathi, Piyush S.
, p. 1699 - 1705 (2007/10/03)
Low-energy microwave irradiation leads to enhancement by a factor of up to 2.63 in comparison with conventional heating in immobilized lipase-catalyzed esterification of adipic acid with various alcohols and this effect is due to the greater frequency of collision, without any change in activation energy of the two modes of heating. Copyright Taylor & Francis, Inc.
