47132-19-4Relevant articles and documents
A novel strategy for spectrophotometric simultaneous determination of amitriptyline and nortriptyline based on derivation with a quinonoid compound in serum samples
Farnoudian-Habibi, Amir,Massoumi, Bakhshali,Jaymand, Mehdi
, p. 235 - 243 (2016/07/06)
A novel and efficient strategy for the simultaneous determination of two tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) drugs [amitriptyline (AT), and its main metabolite (nortriptyline; NT)] via a combination of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE), and spectrophotometric techniques in serum is suggested. For this purpose, the imidazolium ionic liquid (Imz)-modified Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2-Imz) was employed as an adsorbent for theMSPE. Preconcentration (loadingdesorption) studies were performed under optimized conditions including pH, adsorbent amount, contact time, eluent volume, and desorption time. Afterward, determination of each drug was carried out by specific strategy. Acetaldehyde (AC), and 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (chloranil; CL) were used as chemical reagents for reaction with NT, while AT did not react with these reagents. This method is based on the condensation reaction between secondary amine group of NT and AC to afford an enamine, and subsequently reaction with CL to produce a chlorinated quinone-substituted enamine. The final product exhibited maximum absorption at 556 nm, while the AT was determined at 240 nm. The limits of detections (LODs) for NT and AT in serum sample were obtained as 0.19 and 0.90 ng mL-1, respectively. The limits of quantifications (LOQs) were obtained to be 0.63 and 2.93 ng mL-1 for NT and AT, respectively. A linear range was obtained to be 1 to 5 ng mL-1. Results indicated that the suggested method is applicable for simultaneous determination of NT and AT in serum samples.
Regioselectivity and substrate concentration-dependency of involvement of the CYP2D subfamily in oxidative metabolism of amitriptyline and nortriptyline in rat liver microsomes
Masubuchi, Yasuhiro,Iwasa, Takashi,Fujita, Shoichi,Suzuki, Tokuji,Horie, Toshiharu,Narimatsu, Shizuo
, p. 925 - 929 (2007/10/03)
Kinetic analysis of the metabolism of amitriptyline and nortriptyline using liver microsomes from Wistar rats showed that more than one enzyme was involved in each reaction except for monophasic amitriptyline N-demethylation. The V(max) values particularly in the high-affinity sites for E-10-hydroxylation of both drugs were larger than those for Z-10-hydroxylations. Their E- and Z-10-hydroxylase activities in Dark-Agouti rats, which are deficient for CYP2D1, were significantly lower than those in Wistar rats at a lower substrate concentration (5 μM). The strain difference was reduced at a higher substrate concentration (500 μM). A similar but a smaller strain difference was also observed in nortriptyline N-demethylase activity, and a pronounced sex difference (male > female) was observed in N-demethylation of both drugs in Wistar and Dark-Agouti rats. The reactions with the strain difference were inhibited concentration-dependently by sparteine, a substrate of the CYP2D subfamily, and an antibody against a CYP2D isoenzyme. The profiles of these decreased metabolic activities corresponded to that of the lower metabolic activities in Dark-Agouti rats. These results indicated that a cytochrome P450 isozyme in the CYP2D subfamily was involved in E- and Z-10-hydroxylations of amitriptyline and nortriptyline in rat liver microsomes as a major isozyme in a low substrate concentration range. It seems likely that the CYP2D enzyme contributes to nortriptyline N-demethylation.
Facile synthesis of (R,S)-(Z) and (R,S)-(E)-N-methyl-(10,11-dihydro-10- hydroxy-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene)-Δ(5,γ)-propylamine the major metabolites of amitriptyline and nortriptyline
Jean-Claude,Just
, p. 1565 - 1573 (2007/10/02)
Efficient methods for the syntheses of amines 6b and 9b, the major metabolites of the antidepressant drugs amitriptyline 1a and nortriptyline 1b, are described.