51068-78-1Relevant articles and documents
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
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Page/Page column 10-12, (2010/12/17)
The present invention provide a process for the production of compounds of general formula (I), Y-CH2CH2-Z (I) wherein Y and Z are functional groups independently selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group and R1R2N and wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different and are functional groups selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and substituted or non- substituited alkyl groups comprising 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or R1R2N is a cyclic compound selected from the group of aromatic and non-aromatic cyclic compounds optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms in addition to the nitrogen atom, said process comprising the steps of: (i) reacting carbon monoxide and an amine in the presence of oxygen to provide a compound of general formula (II) wherein R1 and R2 or R1R2N are as defined above and X is selected from the group consisting of R1R2N and R3O, wherein R3 is selected from alkyl groups comprising 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and (ii) converting the compound of general formula (II) into a compound of general formula (I) by a process that comprises a hydrogenation reaction.
Stability studies of some glycolamide ester prodrugs of niflumic acid in aqueous buffers and human plasma by HPLC with UV detection
Talath, Sirajunisa,Shirote, Pramod J.,Lough, W. John,Gadad, Andanappa K.
, p. 631 - 639 (2008/02/12)
Glycolamide esters (compounds 1-17) of 2-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenylamino) nicotinic acid (niflumic acid, CAS 4394-00-7) have been synthesized and evaluated as possible prodrugs. In-vitro hydrolysis studies were conducted at selected pH values (1.2, 3.5, 4.8, 7.4 and 7.8) and in human plasma at 37 ± 0.5 °C using HPLC with UV detection. The aqueous (pH 7.4 and 7.8) and enzymatic rates of hydrolysis were substantially affected by the nature of promoieties in this series. The compounds showed good chemical stability in the buffers of low pH values (1.2, 3.5 and 4.8) and appreciable hydrolysis under alkaline conditions and in human plasma. They exhibited long hydrolytic half-lives of 7-46 h in aqueous buffer solutions (pH 7.4 and 7.8) and 14-21 min in human plasma, respectively. It was observed that N,N-disubstituted and cyclic glycolamide derivatives showed 2 fold more hydrolysis in the alkaline pH than monosubstituted derivatives, whereas the piperidino and thiomorpholino derivatives did not undergo chemical hydrolysis. The compounds contain two possible sites for hydrolysis with an increased hydrolytic susceptibility at the terminal aliphatic carbonyl site in aqueous buffers and human plasma solutions. They were found to be cleaved at two hydrolytic carbonyls, namely the nicotinyl (2-5% in enzymatic hydrolysis) and the aliphatic site (7-55% and 70-85% in buffer and plasma hydrolysis, respectively) as revealed by HPLC analysis. The glycolamide ester prodrugs of niflumic acid underwent chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis to release mainly the metabolite 2- (3-trifluoromethyl-phenylamino) nicotinic acid carboxymethyl ester (III) and not the parent drug 2-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenylamino) nicotinic acid. The structure of the metabolite was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LCMS). ECV · Editio Cantor Verlag.