- Straightforward Synthesis of α-Chloromethylketimines Catalyzed by Gold(I). A Clean Way to Building Blocks
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α-Chloromethylketimines have been obtained through a gold-catalyzed hydroamination of aromatic and aliphatic 1-chloroalkynes with aromatic amines by using equimolar amounts of both reagents. This procedure has allowed the preparation and spectroscopic characterization of α-chloromethylketimines for the first time with a high degree of purity, complete conversion, and atom economy. The synthetic usefulness of the methodology has been demonstrated with the preparation of β-chloroamines and indoles.
- Asensio, Gregorio,Cárcel, María,Olmos, Andrea,Ramírez De Arellano, Carmen,Sarmiento, Jeymy T.,Varea, Teresa
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p. 3114 - 3122
(2022/03/14)
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- Unmasking the Hidden Carbonyl Group Using Gold(I) Catalysts and Alcohol Dehydrogenases: Design of a Thermodynamically-Driven Cascade toward Optically Active Halohydrins
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A concurrent cascade combining the use of a gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is disclosed for the synthesis of highly valuable enantiopure halohydrins in an aqueous medium and under mild reaction conditions. The meth
- Escot, Lorena,González-Granda, Sergio,Gotor-Fernández, Vicente,Lavandera, Iván
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p. 2552 - 2560
(2022/02/16)
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- Mild oxidation of benzyl alcohols to benzyl aldehydes or ketones catalyzed by visible light
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Induced by visible light, mild oxidation condition to prepare benzyl aldehydes or ketones have been developed by using bromotrichloromethane as photochemical oxidant. This method avoids high temperature, pressure and peroxidation with only visible light as the green driving force.
- Cheng, Dongping,Li, Xiaonian,Ren, Shujian,Xu, Xiaoliang
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supporting information
(2021/07/02)
-
- Chemoselective Hydro(Chloro)pentafluorosulfanylation of Diazo Compounds with Pentafluorosulfanyl Chloride
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Pentafluorosulfanyl chloride (SF5Cl) is the most prevalent reagent for the incorporation of SF5 group into organic compounds. However, the preparation of SF5Cl often relies on hazardous reagents and specialized apparatus. Herein, we described a safe and practical synthesis of a bench-stable and easy-to-handle solution of SF5Cl in n-hexane under gas-reagent-free conditions. The synthetic application of SF5Cl was demonstrated through the unprecedented reaction with diazo compounds. The chemoselective hydro- and chloropentafluorosulfanylations of α-diazo carbonyl compounds were developed in the presence of K3PO4 or copper catalyst, respectively. These reactions provide a direct and efficient access to various α-pentafluorosulfanyl carbonyl compounds of high value for potential applications.
- Qing, Feng-Ling,Shou, Jia-Yi,Xu, Xiu-Hua
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supporting information
p. 15271 - 15275
(2021/06/08)
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- Tris-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine-ligated Cu(II) 1,3-diketonate complexes: Anaerobic retro-Claisen and dehalogenation reactivity of 2-chloro-1,3-diketonate derivatives
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We report synthetic, structural and reactivity investigations of tris-(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPA)-ligated Cu(ii) 1,3-diketonate complexes. These complexes exhibit anaerobic retro-Claisen type C-C bond cleavage reactivity which exceeds that found in analo
- Elsberg, Josiah G. D.,Anderson, Stephen N.,Tierney, David L.,Reinheimer, Eric W.,Berreau, Lisa M.
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p. 1712 - 1720
(2021/02/22)
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- A practical synthesis of α-bromo/iodo/chloroketones from olefins under visible-light irradiation conditions
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A practical synthesis of α-bromo/iodo/chloroketones from olefins under visible-light irradiation conditions has been developed. In the presence of PhI(OAc)2 as promoter and under ambient conditions, the reactions of styrenes and triiodomethane undergo the transformation smoothly to deliver the corresponding α-iodoketones without additional photocatalyst in good yields under sunlight irradiation. Meanwhile, the reactions of styrenes with tribromomethane and trichloromethane generate the desired α-bromoketones and α-chloroketones in high yields by using Ru(bpy)3Cl2 as a photocatalyst under blue LED (450–455 nm) irradiation.
- Wang, Zhihui,Wang, Lei,Wang, Zhiming,Li, Pinhua,Zhang, Yicheng
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supporting information
p. 429 - 432
(2020/02/29)
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- 2-Bromoanthraquinone as a highly efficient photocatalyst for the oxidation ofsec-aromatic alcohols: experimental and DFT study
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Anthraquinones are recognized as high efficiency photocatalysts which can perform various redox reactions in aqueous or organic phases. We have experimentally proven that 2-BrAQ can undergo hydrogen transfer with an alpha-aromatic alcohol under light conditions, thereby efficiently oxidizing the aromatic alcohol to the corresponding product. The yield of 1-phenethanol to acetophenone can reach more than 96%. In subsequent catalyst screening experiments, it was found that the electronegativity of the substituent at the 2 position of the anthraquinone ring and the acidity of the solvent affect the photocatalytic activity of anthraquinones. After using various aromatic alcohol substrates, 2-BrAQ showed good conversion and selectivity for most aromatic alcohols, but showed C-C bond cleavage and low selectivity with non-α-position aromatic alcohols. In order to explore the mechanism of the redox reaction of 2-BrAQ in acetonitrile solution, the corresponding free radical reaction pathway was proposed and verified by density functional theory (DFT). Focusing on calculations for 2-BrAQ during the reaction and the first-step hydrogen transfer reaction between the 2-BrAQ triplet molecule and the 1-phenylethanol molecule, we recognized the changes that occurred during the reaction and thus have a deeper understanding of the redox reaction of anthraquinone compounds in organic systems.
- Chen, Guanghui,Liao, Shengfu,Liu, Jianguo,Liu, Qiying,Ma, Longlong,Yan, Long
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p. 37014 - 37022
(2020/10/27)
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- Facile Approach to Geminal HeterodihalogenationOne-Pot Synthesis of α-Bromo-α-Chloro Ketones
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An efficient and practical protocol for the geminal heterodihalogenation of methyl ketones by using readily available dimethyl sulfoxide and a combination of HCl and HBr is reported. Control experiments suggested that the acidity of the solution, as well as the oxidizing ability and nucleophilicity of the dimethyl sulfoxide might work cooperatively in ensuring the success of the tandem substitution. Its operational simplicity, easy accessibility, and mild oxidative conditions suggest that the present strategy might be useful for the assembly of bromochloromethyl functional groups in drug discovery.
- Bian, Ming,Tang, Dong-Min,Zhou, Jin-Feng
-
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- Preparation method of pusaimode (Chinese name)
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The invention discloses a preparation method of pusaimode. Bromo-benzene is used as an initial raw material to prepare pusaimode by adopting a convergent synthesis route. The yield of the preparationmethod is high, the cost is low, the amount of generated waste water, waste gas, and waste solids is low, the operation is convenient, and the application value is high.
- -
-
Paragraph 0064-0067
(2020/05/29)
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- Preparation method of aituomode
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The invention discloses a preparation method of aituomode. Bromo-benzene is used as an initial raw material to prepare aituomode by adopting a convergent synthesis route. The yield of the preparationmethod is high, the cost is low, the amount of generated waste water, waste gas, and waste solids is low, the operation is convenient, and the application value is high.
- -
-
Paragraph 0064-0067
(2020/05/29)
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- Preparation method of aituomode
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The invention discloses a preparation method of aituomode. Bromo-benzene and benzene are used as initial raw materials to prepare aituomode by adopting a convergent synthesis route. The yield of the preparation method is high, the cost is low, the amount of generated waste water, waste gas, and waste solids is low, the operation is convenient, and the application value is high.
- -
-
Paragraph 0055-0058
(2020/05/29)
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- Preparation method of pusaimode (Chinese name)
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The invention discloses a preparation method of pusaimode. Bromo-benzene and benzene are used as initial raw materials to prepare pusaimode by adopting a convergent synthesis route. The yield of the preparation method is high, the cost is low, the amount of generated waste water, waste gas, and waste solids is low, the operation is convenient, and the application value is high.
- -
-
Paragraph 0054; 0055; 0057
(2020/05/29)
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- OLED electron transport material as well as preparation method and application thereof (by machine translation)
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The invention belongs to the technical field of organic electronic transmission materials, and relates to OLED electron transport materials as well as a preparation method and application thereof. OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) electron transport material in particular relates to a small molecule OLED material with an asymmetric structure containing a benzoxazole group on one side and an aryl group with electron transport performance at one side. As the electron transport material is applied to OLED devices, good device performance and lower driving voltage can be obtained; meanwhile, the luminous efficiency and the service life of the device are greatly improved. (by machine translation)
- -
-
Paragraph 0064-0067
(2020/06/17)
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- One-pot synthesis of 4-aryl-2-aminothiazoles from styrenes and thioureas promoted by tribromoisocyanuric acid
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A simple and efficient one-pot protocol has been developed for the conversion of styrenes into 4-aryl-2-aminothiazoles using readily available starting materials. Tribromoisocyanuric acid was successfully used for the co-bromination and oxidation of styrenes to give phenacyl bromides, which in the presence of thioureas produced the corresponding 4-aryl-2-aminothiazoles in 48–70% yield. The protocol involves three reactions in one process: a tandem (formation of phenacyl bromides from styrenes) followed by a telescoped (conversion to thiazole) reaction.
- de Andrade, Vitor S.C.,de Mattos, Marcio C.S.
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supporting information
(2020/07/03)
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- Enantiocomplementary C–H Bond Hydroxylation Combining Photo-Catalysis and Whole-Cell Biocatalysis in a One-Pot Cascade Process
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Enantiocomplementary hydroxylation of alkyl aromatics through a one-pot photo-biocatalytic cascade reaction is described. The photoredox process is implemented in aqueous phase with O2 as oxidant and the subsequent (R)- or (S)-selective bioreduction is performed by whole cell system without the addition of the expensive cofactor (NADPH). This mild, operationally simple protocol transforms a wide variety of readily available aromatic compounds into valuable chiral alcohols with high yield (up to 90 %) and stereoselectivity (up to 99 %), thereby displaying important potentials in organic synthesis.
- Peng, Yongzhen,Li, Danyang,Fan, Jiajie,Xu, Weihua,Xu, Jian,Yu, Huilei,Lin, Xianfu,Wu, Qi
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p. 821 - 825
(2020/02/20)
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- 1,2-Diethoxyethane catalyzed oxidative cleavage of gem-disubstituted aromatic alkenes to ketones under minimal solvent conditions
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Aerobic oxidation using pure dioxygen gas as the oxidant has attracted much attention, but its application in synthetic chemistry has been significantly hampered by the complexity of catalytic system and potential risk of high-energy dioxygen gas. By employing 1,2-diethoxyethane as a catalyst and ambient air as an oxidant, an efficient protocol for the construction of various aryl-alkyl and diaryl ketones through oxidative cleavage of gem-disubstituted aromatic alkenes under minimal solvent conditions has been achieved.
- Liu, Kai-Jian,Deng, Ji-Hui,Zeng, Tang-Yu,Chen, Xin-Jie,Huang, Ying,Cao, Zhong,Lin, Ying-Wu,He, Wei-Min
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supporting information
p. 1868 - 1872
(2020/01/31)
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- Facile Synthesis of α-Haloketones by Aerobic Oxidation of Olefins Using KX as Nonhazardous Halogen Source
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An operationally simple and safe synthesis of α-haloketones using KBr and KCl as nonhazardous halogen sources is reported. It involves an iron-catalysed reaction of alkenes with KBr/KCl using O2 as terminal oxidant under the irradiation of visible-light. This strategy avoids the risks associated with handling halo-contained electrophiles (Cl2, Br2, NCS, NBS). The process is tolerant to several functional groups, and extended to a range of substituted styrenes in up to 89% yield. A radical reaction pathway is proposed based on control experiments and spectroscopy studies.
- Luo, Zhibin,Meng, Yunge,Gong, Xinchi,Wu, Jie,Zhang, Yulan,Ye, Long-Wu,Zhu, Chunyin
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supporting information
p. 173 - 177
(2020/01/02)
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- The Mn-catalyzed paired electrochemical facile oxychlorination of styrenes: Via the oxygen reduction reaction
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Reported herein is the electrochemical engendering of chlorine radicals by a manganese catalyst with a controllable pattern, and inexpensive MgCl2 as the chlorine source. In combination with the oxygen reduction reaction, chloroacetophenones were synthesized with abundant styrene as the feedstock in good to excellent yields.
- Tian, Siyu,Jia, Xiaofei,Wang, Ling,Li, Baoying,Liu, Siyuan,Ma, Li,Gao, Wei,Wei, Yingqin,Chen, Jianbin
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supporting information
p. 12104 - 12107
(2019/10/14)
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- CV-driven Optimization: Cobalt-Catalyzed Electrochemical Expedient Oxychlorination of Alkenes via ORR
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Instead of screening reaction conditions by yield-based chemical trial-and-error, potential-based cyclic voltammetry was alternatively employed for optimization of electrochemical oxychlorination of alkenes. With this unconventional screening method, the catalyst system including catalysts, molar ratio of chloride sources and solvents were identified in a rational, time- and energy-efficient manner. The optimal catalytic system in combination with oxygen reduction reaction enabled broad substrate scopes for the desired transformation by taking advantages of persistent radical effect. UV-vis and CV titration experiments confirmed the in-situ formed catalytic species [CoCl5]. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry was applied to obtain mechanistic insights in our reaction system. (Figure presented.).
- Tian, Siyu,Lv, Shide,Jia, Xiaofei,Ma, Li,Li, Baoying,Zhang, Guofeng,Gao, Wei,Wei, Yingqin,Chen, Jianbin
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supporting information
p. 5626 - 5633
(2019/11/22)
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- Synthesis of Ti-Al binary oxides and their catalytic application for C-H halogenation of phenols, aldehydes and ketones
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Traditional C–H halogenation of organic compounds often requires corrosive agent or harsh condition, and current researches are focused on the use of noble metals as catalyst. In order to give an efficient, benign, activity-adjustable and cost-effective system for halogenation, a series of Ti-Al mixed oxides are prepared as catalyst through sol-gel in this work. Characterizations reveal all catalysts contain more aluminum than titanium, but preparative conditions affect their composition and crystallinity. Monitoring of particle size, zeta potential and UV–vis of preparative solution reveals that formation of catalyst colloids undergoes chemical reaction, affecting catalyst morphology. In halogenation, all catalysts show moderate to high activities, copper chloride proves to be an effective halogen source rather than sodium chloride. The chlorination and bromination are better than iodization, phenol and ketone appear to be more appropriate substrates than aldehyde. Additionally, oxide backbone of catalyst is more durable than its organic components during recycling. This study may provide new catalytic materials for progress of C–H activation.
- Su, Peigen,Fan, Chao,Yu, Heng,Wang, Wanqin,Jia, Xin,Rao, Qifan,Fu, Chenxi,Zhang, Donghua,Huang, Benhua,Pan, Cheng,Zheng, Aqun,Sun, Yang
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- Iodine-DMSO-promoted divergent reactivities of arylacetylenes
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An unprecedented set of efficient, economical, atom-economic and exceedingly selective I2-DMSO-promoted methods is described for the generation of different structures. The reaction represents the first of its kind, involving the use of different iodine concentrations, temperatures, acids and salt to adjust the selectivity for the synthesis of different alkenes, α-functionalized ketones and α-ketomethylthioesters.
- Rather, Suhail A.,Kumar, Atul,Ahmed, Qazi Naveed
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p. 4511 - 4514
(2019/04/26)
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- Reaction of Styrene with Chlorine Dioxide
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Reaction of styrene with chlorine dioxide under various conditions selectively produces 1-phenyl- 2-chloroethanone, with 1-phenyl-2-chloroethanol, 2-hydroxy-1-phenylethanone, (1,2-dichloroethyl)benzene, (2-chloro-1-phenyl)ethene, and (1,2,2-trichloroethyl
- Loginova,Chukicheva, I. Yu.,Kuchin
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p. 825 - 828
(2018/06/14)
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- Bis(methoxypropyl) ether-promoted oxidation of aromatic alcohols into aromatic carboxylic acids and aromatic ketones with O2 under metal- and base-free conditions
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We describe an eco-friendly, practical and operationally simple procedure for the bis(methoxypropyl) ether-promoted oxidation of aromatic alcohols into aromatic carboxylic acids and aromatic ketones with atmospheric dioxygen as the sole oxidant. This chemical process is clean with high conversion and good selectivity, and an external initiator, catalyst, additive and base are not required. The virtue of this reaction is highlighted by its easily available and economical raw materials and excellent functional group tolerance (acid-, base- and oxidant-labile groups).
- Liu, Kai-Jian,Jiang, Si,Lu, Ling-Hui,Tang, Ling-Li,Tang, Shan-Shan,Tang, Hai-Shan,Tang, Zilong,He, Wei-Min,Xu, Xinhua
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supporting information
p. 3038 - 3043
(2018/07/13)
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- Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Halogenated Ketones for the Efficient Construction of Chiral Halohydrins
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Iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of prochiral halogenated ketones was successfully developed to prepare various chiral halohydrins with high reactivities and excellent enantioselectivities under basic reaction condition (up to >99% conversion, 99% yield, >99% ee). Moreover, gram-scale experiment was performed well in the presence of just 0.005 mol% (S/C=20 000) Ir/f-amphox catalyst with 99% yield and >99% ee. (Figure presented.).
- Yin, Congcong,Wu, Weilong,Hu, Yang,Tan, Xuefeng,You, Cai,Liu, Yuanhua,Chen, Ziyi,Dong, Xiu-Qin,Zhang, Xumu
-
supporting information
p. 2119 - 2124
(2018/04/30)
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- Cascade Trisulfur Radical Anion (S3?-) Addition/Electron Detosylation Process for the Synthesis of 1,2,3-Thiadiazoles and Isothiazoles
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Trisulfur radical anion (S3?-) mediated reactions with in situ formed azoalkenes and α,β-usaturated N-sulfonylimines for the construction of 1,2,3-thiadiazoles and isothiazoles has been developed. S3?- is in situ generated from potassium sulfide in DMF. These two approaches provide a new, safe, and simple way to construct 4-subsituted 1,2,3-thiadiazoles, 5-subsituted 1,2,3-thiadiazoles, and isothiazole in good yields. The reactions include the formation of the new C-S and N-S bonds via S3?- addition and electron detosylation under mild conditions.
- Liu, Bei-Bei,Bai, Hui-Wen,Liu, Huan,Wang, Shun-Yi,Ji, Shun-Jun
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p. 10281 - 10288
(2018/07/25)
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- Facile and efficient preparation of α-halomethyl ketones from α-diazo ketones catalyzed by iron(III) halides and silica gel
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An efficient and mild method for the synthesis of α-halomethyl ketones from α-diazo ketones was developed using ferric chloride or bromide as the halogen source and silica gel as the hydrogen source, with good to excellent yields.
- Shi, Xinxia,Zhang, Lingqiong,Yang, Pengfei,Sun, Han,Zhang, Yilan,Xie, Chunsong,Ou-yang, Zhen,Wang, Min
-
supporting information
p. 1200 - 1203
(2018/03/08)
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- An efficient heterogeneous gold(I)-catalyzed hydration of haloalkynes leading to α-halomethyl ketones
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A highly efficient heterogeneous gold(I)-catalyzed hydration of haloalkynes has been developed that proceeds smoothly under mild and neutral conditions and provides a general and practical route for the synthesis of a variety of α-halomethyl ketones with high atom-economy, excellent yield, and recyclability of the gold(I) catalyst. The presented method delivers an attractive alternative to classical α-halogenation of ketones.
- Hu, Sifan,Liu, Dayi,Yan, Chenyu,Cai, Mingzhong
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supporting information
p. 2983 - 2991
(2018/12/04)
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- Enolonium Species—Umpoled Enolates
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Enolonium species/iodo(III)enolates of carbonyl compounds have been suggested to be intermediates in a wide variety of hypervalent iodine induced chemical transformations of ketones, including α-C?O, α-C?N, α-C?C, and α-carbon–halide bond formation, but they have never been characterized. We report that these elusive umpoled enolates may be made as discrete species that are stable for several minutes at ?78 °C, and report the first spectroscopic identification of such species. It is shown that enolonium species are direct intermediates in C?O, C?N, C?Cl, and C?C bond forming reactions. Our results open up chemical space for designing a variety of new transformations. We showcase the ability of enolonium species to react with prenyl, crotyl, cinnamyl, and allyl silanes with absolute regioselectivity in up to 92 % yield.
- Arava, Shlomy,Kumar, Jayprakash N.,Maksymenko, Shimon,Iron, Mark A.,Parida, Keshaba N.,Fristrup, Peter,Szpilman, Alex M.
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supporting information
p. 2599 - 2603
(2017/02/26)
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- Systematic Synthesis of Diphenyl-Substituted Carotenoids as Molecular Wires
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A general method for the construction of diphenyl-substituted carotenoids has been developed through the stereoselective synthesis of dienyl sulfones with a phenyl substituent. Systematic synthetic pathways to the dienyl sulfones were delineated starting from readily available acetophenones with para-substituent X of various electronic natures, which provided the carotenoids with diverse physicochemical characteristics. The sulfone olefination method together with the Ramberg–B?cklund reaction produced a 9,9′-cis-10,10′-diphenylcarotene and all-trans-9,9′-diphenylcarotenes. Conductance measurements of the all-trans carotenoids by the scanning tunnelling microscopy break-junction method revealed a positional effect of the phenyl groups as well as a polar effect of the phenyl substituent X according to the electronic nature.
- Lim, Boram,Oh, Eun-Taek,Im, JongOne,Lee, Kyu Sang,Jung, Hyunuk,Kim, Minsoo,Kim, Dahye,Oh, Jung Taek,Bae, Sung-Hee,Chung, Wook-Jin,Ahn, Kwang-Hyun,Koo, Sangho
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p. 6390 - 6400
(2017/12/01)
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- A Simple and Efficient Method for the Preparation of α-Halogenated Ketones Using Iron(III) Chloride and Iron(III) Bromide as Halogen Sources with Phenyliodonium Diacetate as Oxidant
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α-Halogenated ketones are both unique structure moieties existing in biologically natural products and valuable synthetic intermediates for the preparation of functional molecules. An efficient and scalable method for the preparation of α-halogenated ketone using iron (III) chloride and iron (III) bromide as halogen sources with phenyliodonium diacetate as oxidant has been developed, featuring mild reaction conditions, environmentally friendly reagents, and wide substrate scope. Notably, the three-step synthesis of drug prasugrel was achieved using this developed method as a key step with 30% yield on gram-scale. Additionally, the reaction mechanism involving chloride cation was proposed based on some preliminary control experiments. (Figure presented.).
- Tang, Shi-Zhong,Zhao, Wenshuang,Chen, Tao,Liu, Yang,Zhang, Xiao-Ming,Zhang, Fu-Min
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supporting information
p. 4177 - 4183
(2017/12/18)
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- Simple synthesis of 3-hydroxyquinolines via Na2S2O4-mediated reductive cyclization of (2-(2-nitrophenyl)oxiran-1-yl)(aryl)methanones (o-nitrobenzalacetophenone oxides)
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An efficient sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4)-mediated method for construction of 3-hydroxyquinolines via in situ Meinwald rearrangement/intramolecular reductive cyclization of o-nitrobenzalacetophenone oxides has been developed. The practical approach is of excellent functional group compatibility with as high as 98% yield under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, further manipulation successfully furnished 4-bromo substituted derivatives which may provide a promising potential application in exploring biologically active analogs of 3-hydroxyquinolines.
- Mamedov, Vakhid A.,Mamedova, Vera L.,Syakaev, Victor V.,Korshin, Dmitry E.,Khikmatova, Gul'naz Z.,Mironova, Ekaterina V.,Bazanova, Olga B.,Rizvanov, Il'dar Kh.,Latypov, Shamil K.
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p. 5082 - 5090
(2017/07/28)
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- Design, synthesis, & biological activity of new triazole & nitro-triazole derivatives as antifungal agents
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In this study two series of fluconazole derivatives bearing nitrotriazole (series A) or piperazine ethanol (series B) side chain were designed and synthesized and then docked in the active site of lanosterol 14α-demethylase enzyme (1EA1) using the Autodock 4.2 program (The scripps research institute, La Jolla, CA, USA). The structures of synthesized compound were confirmed by various methods including elemental and spectral (NMR, CHN, and Mass) analyses. Then antifungal activities of the synthesized compound were tested against several natural and clinical strains of fungi using a broth microdilution assay against several standard and clinical fungi. Nitrotriazole derivatives showed excellent and desirable antifungal activity against most of the tested fungi. Among the synthesized compounds, 5a-d and 5g, possessing nitrotriazole moiety, showed maximum antifungal activity, in particular against several fluconazole-resistant fungi.
- Sadeghpour, Hossein,Khabnadideh, Soghra,Zomorodian, Kamiar,Pakshir, Keyvan,Hoseinpour, Khadijeh,Javid, Nabiollah,Faghih-Mirzaei, Ehsan,Rezaei, Zahra
-
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- Metal-free and selective cleavage of unstrained carbon–carbon single bonds: Synthesis of β-ketosulfones from β-chlorohydrins and sodium sulfinates
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A metal-free protocol for the selective cleavage of unstrained C–C single bonds was developed. Under the catalysis of KI and in the presence of NaHCO3, the readily available α-chloro-β-hydroxy ketones underwent bond breaking and sulfonylation smoothly to afford β-ketosulfones with high efficiency and broad substrate scope. Mechanism investigations, both experimental and theoretical, showed that a retro-aldol cleavage/nucleophilic substitution sequence might be involved.
- Li, Yanni,Liang, Deqiang,Chang, Yu,Li, Xiangguang,Fu, Shaoguang,Yuan, Yunli,Wang, Baoling
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supporting information
p. 2044 - 2052
(2017/10/23)
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- Evidence and isolation of tetrahedral intermediates formed upon the addition of lithium carbenoids to Weinreb amides and: N -acylpyrroles
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The tetrahedral intermediates generated upon the addition of halolithium carbenoids (LiCH2X and LiCHXY) to Weinreb amides have been intercepted and fully characterized as O-TMS heminals. The commercially available N-trimethylsilyl imidazole is the ideal trapping agent whose employment, combined with a straightforward neutral Alox chromatographic purification, enables the isolation of such labile species. The procedure could be advantageously extended also for obtaining O-TMS heminals from N-acylpyrroles. These intermediates manifest interesting reactivity including as precursors of more complex carbenoids.
- Castoldi, Laura,Holzer, Wolfgang,Langer, Thierry,Pace, Vittorio
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supporting information
p. 9498 - 9501
(2017/09/01)
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- Copper Triflate Mediated α-Monohalogenation of α-Diazo β-Ketosulfones with Ammonium Halides
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Copper triflate mediated α-monohalogenation of α-diazo β-ketosulfones with ammonium halides provides the corresponding α-halo β-ketosulfones. Different metal triflates are investigated for this facile and efficient transformation. A plausible mechanism is proposed.
- Chan, Chieh-Kai,Wang, Heui-Sin,Hsu, Ru-Ting,Chang, Meng-Yang
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p. 2045 - 2056
(2017/04/26)
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- AuIII-Catalyzed Formation of α-Halomethyl Ketones from Terminal Alkynes
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A AuIII-catalyzed synthesis of α-halomethyl ketones from terminal alkynes was developed. This approach features excellent functional group compatibility and good yields for both aromatic and aliphatic terminal alkynes. The resulting α-halomethyl ketones were used to prepare heterocyclic indolizine structures. The plausible mechanism of the one-pot reaction is proposed.
- Xing, Yalan,Zhang, Ming,Ciccarelli, Sarah,Lee, John,Catano, Bryant
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supporting information
p. 781 - 785
(2017/02/15)
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- Water-controlled selective preparation of α-mono or α,α′-dihalo ketones: Via catalytic cascade reaction of unactivated alkynes with 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin
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The control of a reaction that can produce multiple products from the same starting material is a highly attractive and challenging concept in organic synthesis. An efficient protocol for the selective synthesis of α-mono or α,α′-dihalo ketones via a water-controlled three-component thiourea-catalyzed cascade reaction of unactivated alkynes, 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and water has been developed. α-Monohaloketones were obtained in aqueous acetone at 45 °C; conversely, α,α′-dihalo ketones were formed with pure water as the sole solvent at room temperature.
- Wu, Chao,Xin, Xiu,Fu, Zhi-Min,Xie, Long-Yong,Liu, Kai-Jian,Wang, Zheng,Li, Wenyi,Yuan, Zhi-Hui,He, Wei-Min
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p. 1983 - 1989
(2017/06/09)
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- Synthetic method for 2-difluoromethylsulfonylacetophenone
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The invention discloses a synthetic method for 2-difluoromethylsulfonylacetophenone, which belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis. The invention provides the synthetic method for 2-difluoromethylsulfonylacetophenone to overcome the problems of irritant smell, volatility, great toxicity and inconvenience in treatment of 2-difluoromethylsulfonylacetophenone synthesized with carbon disulfide as a solvent in the prior art.
- -
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Paragraph 0009
(2017/02/17)
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- Halogenase-Inspired Oxidative Chlorination Using Flavin Photocatalysis
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Chlorine gas or electropositive chlorine reagents are used to prepare chlorinated aromatic compounds, which are found in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and polymers, and serve as synthetic precursors for metal-catalyzed cross-couplings. Nature chlorinates with chloride anions, FAD-dependent halogenases, and O2 as the oxidant. A photocatalytic oxidative chlorination is described based on the organic dye riboflavin tetraacetate mimicking the enzymatic process. The chemical process allows within the suitable arene redox potential window a broader substrate scope compared to the specific activation in the enzymatic binding pocket. Chlorination of arenes with chloride anions: The photochemical analogue of the enzymatic chlorination of Flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent halogenases is possible in the presence of riboflavin, air, acetic acid, and blue light (see scheme; RFT=riboflavin tetraacetate).
- Hering, Thea,Mühldorf, Bernd,Wolf, Robert,K?nig, Burkhard
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supporting information
p. 5342 - 5345
(2016/04/26)
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- One-step for the preparation of α-haloacetal of ketones with N-bromosuccinimide/N-chlorosuccinimide (NBS/NCS) and ethylene glycol
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A new process that could directly prepare α-haloacetal of ketones from various ketones with N-halosuccinimide (NBS/NCS) and ethylene glycol in one step without any other catalysts was reported. The effects of solvents, NBS/NCS and reaction temperature were investigated. Under the optimal condition, most of α-haloacetals of ketones were obtained in 90–100% yield.
- Zheng, Zubiao,Han, Bingbing,Wu, Fang,Shi, Tengfei,Liu, Jie,Zhang, Yong,Hao, Jialong
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p. 7738 - 7743
(2016/11/17)
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- A novel β-(oxy)alkyl radical during copper(I)-mediated stereoselective synthesis of (Z)-ene-1,4-diones in a reaction of 2,2,2-trichloro-1-phenylethanone
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A novel β-(oxy)alkyl radical derived from trichloro methyl compound containing neither a suitably located C-C multiple bond nor a leaving group or a H-atom at the β-position of the radical in a reaction of 2,2,2-trichloro-1-phenyl-ethanone with 2 mol equiv each of CuCl and bpy in refluxing DCE under a N2 atm underwent intramolecular heterolysis (just like formation of intact radical cation-anion pair) during stereoselective radical dimerization to Z-ene-1,4-dione along with small amount of reductive dechlorination product. The stereochemistry was established by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy of various solid crystalline products.
- Ram, Ram N.,Tittal, Ram K.
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p. 2437 - 2440
(2016/05/19)
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- Iron-Catalyzed Regioselective Oxo- and Hydroxy-Phthalimidation of Styrenes: Access to α-Hydroxyphthalimide Ketones
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This paper describes the aerobic oxidation of styrenes catalyzed by iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) to form β-keto-N-alkoxyphthalimides in fair to good yields. This oxidative process employs mild conditions with green and atom efficient dioxygen (O2) as the oxidant.
- Zhang, Ji-Zong,Tang, Yu
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p. 752 - 764
(2016/03/09)
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- Laboratory-Scale Membrane Reactor for the Generation of Anhydrous Diazomethane
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A configurationally simple and robust semibatch apparatus for the in situ on-demand generation of anhydrous solutions of diazomethane (CH2N2) avoiding distillation methods is presented. Diazomethane is produced by base-mediated decomposition of commercially available Diazald within a semipermeable Teflon AF-2400 tubing and subsequently selectively separated from the tubing into a solvent- and substrate-filled flask (tube-in-flask reactor). Reactions with CH2N2 can therefore be performed directly in the flask without dangerous and labor-intensive purification operations or exposure of the operator to CH2N2. The reactor has been employed for the methylation of carboxylic acids, the synthesis of α-chloro ketones and pyrazoles, and palladium-catalyzed cyclopropanation reactions on laboratory scale. The implementation of in-line FTIR technology allowed monitoring of the CH2N2 generation and its consumption. In addition, larger scales (1.8 g diazomethane per hour) could be obtained via parallelization (numbering up) by simply wrapping several membrane tubings into the flask.
- Dallinger, Doris,Pinho, Vagner D.,Gutmann, Bernhard,Kappe, C. Oliver
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p. 5814 - 5823
(2016/07/26)
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- Metal-free hydration of aromatic haloalkynes to α-halomethyl ketones
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A highly regioselective and efficient metal-free hydration of aromatic haloalkynes to α-halomethyl ketones using cheap tetrafluoroboric acid as catalyst is described. The protocol is conducted under convenient conditions and affords products in good to excellent yields, with broad substrate scope, including a variety of aromatic alkynyl chlorides, alkynyl bromides, and alkynyl iodides.
- Ye, Min,Wen, Yuelu,Li, Huifang,Fu, Yejuan,Wang, Qinghao
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supporting information
p. 4983 - 4986
(2016/10/21)
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- First Catalyzed Hydration of Haloalkynes by a Recyclable Catalytic System
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The hydration of haloalkynes to give α-halomethyl ketones was achieved based on a combination of a Cu(OAc)2 catalyst and a TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) promoter. This is the first synthesis of chloro/bromo/iodo methyl ketones through a hydration reaction catalyzed by a recyclable catalytic system. The catalytic system has a wide substrate scope and excellent chemoselectivity, and the procedure can also be scaled up.
- Zou, Huaxu,He, Weibao,Dong, Qizhi,Wang, Ruijia,Yi, Niannian,Jiang, Jun,Pen, Dongming,He, Weimin
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p. 116 - 121
(2016/01/26)
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- In(OTf)3/acid co-catalyzed hydration of 1-haloalkynes to α-halomethyl ketones
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A novel and efficient In(OTf)3and HOAc cooperatively catalyzed hydration of 1-haloalkynes is described. This method provides ready access to α-chloromethyl ketones, α-bromomethyl ketones and α-iodomethyl ketones in moderate to high yields from simple, inexpensive starting materials. A broad substrate scope is achieved, and the reaction is compatible with various functional groups, including alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, halide, hydroxyl, cyclohexyl, and heterocyclic groups.
- Zeng, Ming,Huang, Rui-Xue,Li, Wen-Yi,Liu, Xiao-Wen,He, Fu-Ling,Zhang, Yi-Yuan,Xiao, Fang
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p. 3818 - 3822
(2016/07/06)
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- Highly Efficient Synthesis of α-Halomethylketones via Ce(SO4)2/Acid Co-Catalyzed Hydration of Alkynes
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A general atom-economical approach for the synthesis of α-halomethyl ketones is demonstrated through Ce(SO4)2/acid co-catalyzed hydration of a wide range of haloalkynes. The reactions are conducted under convenient conditions and provide products with excellent regioselectivity in good to excellent yields, with broad substrate scope. This protocol is an alternative to conventional α-halogenation of ketones.
- Zou, Huaxu,Jiang, Jun,Yi, Niannian,Fu, Wenqiang,Deng, Wei,Xiang, Jiannan
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supporting information
p. 1251 - 1254
(2016/12/27)
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- METHOD OF CONVERTING ALCOHOL TO HALIDE
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The present invention relates to a method of converting an alcohol into a corresponding halide. This method comprises reacting the alcohol with an optionally substituted aromatic carboxylic acid halide in presence of an N-substituted formamide to replace a hydroxyl group of the alcohol by a halogen atom. The present invention also relates to a method of converting an alcohol into a corresponding substitution product. The second method comprises: (a) performing the method of the invention of converting an alcohol into the corresponding halide; and (b) reacting the corresponding halide with a nucleophile to convert the halide into the nucleophilic substitution product.
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Page/Page column 50; 172; 178; 179
(2017/01/02)
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- High-yielding aqueous synthesis of chloroacetophenones and aroyl chlorohydrins
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The use of large amounts of volatile organic solvents in industrial chemical processes contributes to widespread environmental pollution. To help solve this problem, water and a phase transfer catalyst were used to replace organic solvents in the transformations of bromoacetophenones into chloroacetophenones and aroyl epoxides into aroyl chlorohydrins. The reactions were promoted by sulfonyl chlorides and gave quantitative or close to quantitative yields. Notably, chromatographic purification, which is laborious and consumes large amounts of organic solvents, was not needed. These two processes have opened a green and cost-effective channel to prepare the chemical intermediates chloroacetophenones and aroyl chlorohydrins. The reaction mechanisms are discussed based on control experiments.
- Zhang, Xixi,Liu, Lei,Li, Chunbao
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p. 25339 - 25345
(2016/03/22)
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- Water-Soluble Gold-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes for the Catalytic Homogeneous Acid- and Silver-Free Hydration of Hydrophilic Alkynes
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Water-soluble gold(III/I) N-heterocylic carbene complexes behave as efficient catalysts for the hydration of terminal alkynes in neat water. The transformation proceeds in the absence of Bronsted acids or halide scavengers and is suitable for sensitive substrates. Kinetic profiles and DFT studies provide a clear picture of intermediates present during catalysis.
- Ibrahim, Houssein,Defrmont, Pierre,Braunstein, Pierre,Thry, Vincent,Nauton, Lionel,Cisnetti, Federico,Gautier, Arnaud
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p. 3893 - 3900
(2016/01/25)
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