- High Chemo-/Stereoselectivity for Synthesis of Polysubstituted Monofluorinated Pyrimidyl Enol Ether Derivatives
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A novel intramolecular Smiles rearrangement of α-fluoro-β-keto-pyrimidylsulfones (usually used as a carbon nucleophile) was developed, providing a versatile avenue for synthesis of tri/tetra-substituted monofluorinated pyrimidyl enol ethers. Among these, diverse (Z)-monofluorovinylsulfones and sulfinates were efficiently assembled by adding extra electrophile and fine-tuning reaction conditions. The process is triggered by a keto-enol tautomerism from enol oxyanion to pyrimidine 2-carbon, completely different from the classical carbon nucleophilic addition reaction approach.
- Kang, Lei,Wang, Fang,Zhang, Jinlong,Yang, Huameng,Xia, Chungu,Qian, Jinlong,Jiang, Gaoxi
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supporting information
p. 1669 - 1674
(2021/03/08)
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- Unique Sulfur-Aromatic Interactions Contribute to the Binding of Potent Imidazothiazole Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibitors
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Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) inhibitors are speculated to be useful in cancer immunotherapy, but a phase III clinical trial of the most advanced IDO1 inhibitor, epacadostat, did not meet its primary end point and was abandoned. In previous work, we identified the novel IDO1 inhibitor N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-((5-phenylthiazolo[2,3-c][1,2,4]triazol-3-yl)thio)acetamide 1 through high-throughput screening (HTS). Herein, we report a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of this compound, which resulted in the potent IDO1 inhibitor 1-(4-cyanophenyl)-3-(3-(cyclopropylethynyl)imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-5-yl)thiourea 47 (hIDO IC50 = 16.4 nM). X-ray cocrystal structural analysis revealed that the basis for this high potency is a unique sulfur-aromatic interaction network formed by the thiourea moiety of 47 with F163 and F226. This finding is expected to inspire new approaches toward the discovery of potent IDO1 inhibitors in the future.
- Peng, Yi-Hui,Liao, Fang-Yu,Tseng, Chen-Tso,Kuppusamy, Ramajayam,Li, An-Siou,Chen, Chi-Han,Fan, Yu-Shiou,Wang, Sing-Yi,Wu, Mine-Hsine,Hsueh, Ching-Cheng,Chang, Jia-Yu,Lee, Lung-Chun,Shih, Chuan,Shia, Kak-Shan,Yeh, Teng-Kuang,Hung, Ming-Shiu,Kuo, Ching-Chuan,Song, Jen-Shin,Wu, Su-Ying,Ueng, Shau-Hua
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p. 1642 - 1659
(2020/03/17)
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- Structure–activity relationships (SARs) of α- ketothioamides as inhibitors of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH)
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For many years now, targeting deregulation within cancer cells’ metabolism has appeared as a promising strategy for the development of more specific and efficient cancer treatments. Recently, numerous reports highlighted the crucial role of the serine synthetic pathway, and particularly of the phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), the first enzyme of the pathway, to sustain cancer progression. Yet, because of very weak potencies usually in cell-based settings, the inhibitors reported so far failed to lay ground on the potential of this approach. In this paper, we report a structure–activity relationship study of a series of α-ketothioamides that we have recently identified. Interestingly, this study led to a deeper understanding of the structure–activity relationship (SAR) in this series and to the identification of new PHGDH inhibitors. The activity of the more potent compounds was confirmed by cellular thermal shift assays and in cell-based experiments. We hope that this research will eventually provide a new entry point, based on this promising chemical scaffold, for the development of therapeutic agents targeting PHGDH.
- Spillier, Quentin,Ravez, Séverine,Unterlass, Judith,Corbet, Cyril,Degavre, Charline,Feron, Olivier,Frédérick, Rapha?l
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- A focused structure-activity relationship study of psoralen-based immunoproteasome inhibitors
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The immunoproteasome is a multicatalytic protease that is predominantly expressed in cells of hematopoietic origin. Its elevated expression has been associated with autoimmune diseases, various types of cancer, and inflammatory diseases. The development of immunoproteasome-selective inhibitors with non-peptidic scaffolds remains a challenging task. Here, we describe a focused series of psoralen-based inhibitors of the β5i subunit of the immunoproteasome with different substituents placed at position 4′. The most promising compound was further evaluated through changes at position 3 of the psoralen ring. Despite a small decrease in the inhibitory potency in comparison with the parent compound, we were able to improve the selectivity against other subunits of both the immunoproteasome and the constitutive proteasome. The most potent compounds discriminated between both proteasome types in cell lysates and also showed a decrease in cytokine secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
- ?terman, Andrej,Gobec, Martina,Gobec, Stanislav,Mravljak, Janez,Ra??an, Irena Mlinari?,Schiffrer, Eva Shannon,Sosi?, Izidor
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p. 1958 - 1965
(2019/11/20)
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- Iterative synthesis of alkenes by insertion of lithiated epoxides into boronic esters
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The insertion of lithiated epoxides into boronic esters followed by thermal syn-elimination provides a stereospecific entry to alkenes. This process avoids transition metals and is amenable to iteration to provide higher substitution patterns.
- Bojaryn, Kevin,Fritsch, Stefan,Hirschhaüser, Christoph
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supporting information
p. 2218 - 2222
(2019/04/10)
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- Vinylethylene Carbonates as α,β-Unsaturated Aldehyde Surrogates for Regioselective [3 + 3] Cycloaddition
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Herein, we report a novel stepwise addition-controlled ring size method, to access tetrahydropyrimidines through an operationally simple [3 + 3] cycloaddition of vinylethylene carbonates with triazinanes. Interestingly, we could also use this method for a [3 + 3] oxidative cycloaddition, which allows the facile synthesis of polysubstituted terphenyls under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies suggest that vinylethylene carbonates could generate α,β-unsaturated aldehydes as 3-carbon synthons for cycloaddition via a combination process of Pd-catalyzed decarboxylation and β-H elimination.
- Xu, Yi,Chen, Lu,Yang, Yu-Wen,Zhang, Zhiqiang,Yang, Weibo
-
supporting information
p. 6674 - 6678
(2019/09/03)
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- An efficient heterogeneous gold(I)-catalyzed hydration of haloalkynes leading to α-halomethyl ketones
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A highly efficient heterogeneous gold(I)-catalyzed hydration of haloalkynes has been developed that proceeds smoothly under mild and neutral conditions and provides a general and practical route for the synthesis of a variety of α-halomethyl ketones with high atom-economy, excellent yield, and recyclability of the gold(I) catalyst. The presented method delivers an attractive alternative to classical α-halogenation of ketones.
- Hu, Sifan,Liu, Dayi,Yan, Chenyu,Cai, Mingzhong
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supporting information
p. 2983 - 2991
(2018/12/04)
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- Ambient-Pressure Asymmetric Preparation of S,S -DICHED, a C 2 -Symmetrical Director for Matteson Reactions
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A synthesis of S, S -DICHED (dicyclohexylethane-1,2-diol), a C 2 -symmetrical chiral director for Matteson homologations, is described. It relies on the insertion of lithiated S -2-cyclohexyloxirane into cyclohexylboronic acid pinacol ester and proceeds in three linear steps from readily available starting materials. No step requires chromatography or any specialized equipment.
- Bojaryn, Kevin,Hoffmann, Chris,Struth, Felix R.,Hirschh?user, Christoph
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p. 1092 - 1094
(2018/01/27)
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- Divergent synthesis of N-heterocycles by Pd-catalyzed controllable cyclization of vinylethylene carbonates
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Here, we report a palladium-catalyzed controllable cyclization of vinyl ethylene carbonates that proceeds through formal migration [2+3] and [5+2] cycloadditions, respectively, under mild conditions. The transformation described here affords a series of synthetically versatile 5,7-membered N-heterocycles which are found in natural products and pharmaceuticals with biological and medicinal properties.
- Yang, Yuwen,Yang, Weibo
-
supporting information
p. 12182 - 12185
(2018/11/21)
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- Diversity-Orientated Stereoselective Synthesis through Pd-Catalyzed Switchable Decarboxylative C?N/C?S Bond Formation in Allylic Surrogates
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Switchable catalytic transformation of reactants can be a powerful approach towards diversity-orientated synthesis from easily available molecular synthons. Herein, an endogenous ligand-controlled, Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution allowing for either selective C?N or C?S bond formation using vinylethylene carbonates (VECs) and N-sulfonylhydrazones as coupling partners has been developed. This versatile methodology provides a facile, divergent route for the highly chemo- and stereoselective synthesis of functional allylic sulfones or sulfonohydrazides. The newly developed protocol features wide substrate scope (nearly 80 examples), broad functional group tolerance, and potential for the late-stage functionalization of bioactive compounds. The isolation and crystallographic analysis of a catalytically competent π-allyl Pd complex suggests that the pathway leading to the allylic products proceeds through a different manifold as previously proposed for the functionalization of VECs with nucleophiles.
- Deng, Lei,Kleij, Arjan W.,Yang, Weibo
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supporting information
p. 19156 - 19161
(2018/11/30)
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- Facile and efficient preparation of α-halomethyl ketones from α-diazo ketones catalyzed by iron(III) halides and silica gel
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An efficient and mild method for the synthesis of α-halomethyl ketones from α-diazo ketones was developed using ferric chloride or bromide as the halogen source and silica gel as the hydrogen source, with good to excellent yields.
- Shi, Xinxia,Zhang, Lingqiong,Yang, Pengfei,Sun, Han,Zhang, Yilan,Xie, Chunsong,Ou-yang, Zhen,Wang, Min
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supporting information
p. 1200 - 1203
(2018/03/08)
-
- 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin mediated oxidative amidation of terminal alkenes in water
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A variety of terminal alkenes were converted to the corresponding amides in yields of 25 to 86% in water via treatment with 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, followed by reaction with molecular iodine and aq. NH3 (or amine) in one pot. This metal- and organic solvent-free protocol is not only suitable for styrene derivatives, but also, for the first time, works well on terminal aliphatic alkenes.
- Ma, Chunhua,Fan, Guojie,Wu, Ping,Li, Zhi,Zhou, Yang,Ding, Qingjie,Zhang, Wei
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p. 9889 - 9894
(2017/12/12)
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- Discovery, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Binding Mode of an Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Series of Autotaxin Inhibitors
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Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted enzyme playing a major role in the production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in blood through hydrolysis of lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC). The ATX-LPA signaling axis arouses a high interest in the drug discovery industry as it has been implicated in several diseases including cancer, fibrotic diseases, and inflammation, among others. An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine series of ATX inhibitors was identified out of a high-throughput screening (HTS). A cocrystal structure with one of these compounds and ATX revealed a novel binding mode with occupancy of the hydrophobic pocket and channel of ATX but no interaction with zinc ions of the catalytic site. Exploration of the structure-activity relationship led to compounds displaying high activity in biochemical and plasma assays, exemplified by compound 40. Compound 40 was also able to decrease the plasma LPA levels upon oral administration to rats.
- Joncour, Agnès,Desroy, Nicolas,Housseman, Christopher,Bock, Xavier,Bienvenu, Natacha,Cherel, La?titia,Labeguere, Virginie,Peixoto, Christophe,Annoot, Denis,Lepissier, Luce,Heiermann, J?rg,Hengeveld, Willem Jan,Pilzak, Gregor,Monjardet, Alain,Wakselman, Emanuelle,Roncoroni, Veronique,Le Tallec, Sandrine,Galien, René,David, Christelle,Vandervoort, Nele,Christophe, Thierry,Conrath, Katja,Jans, Mia,Wohlkonig, Alexandre,Soror, Sameh,Steyaert, Jan,Touitou, Robert,Fleury, Damien,Vercheval, Lionel,Mollat, Patrick,Triballeau, Nicolas,Van Der Aar, Ellen,Brys, Reginald,Heckmann, Bertrand
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p. 7371 - 7392
(2017/09/23)
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- Catalytic dehydrogenative dual functionalization of ethers: Dealkylation-oxidation-bromination accompanied by C-O bond cleavage: Via aerobic oxidation of bromide
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Catalytic dehydrogenative dual functionalization (DDF) of ethers via oxidation, dealkylation, and α-bromination by the aerobic oxidation of bromide was developed to obtain the corresponding α-bromo ketones in high yields. In particular, the reaction of substituted tetrahydrofurans as cyclic ethers provided 3,3-dibromo tetrahydrofuran-2-ols in high yields selectively through the double α-bromination.
- Moriyama, Katsuhiko,Hamada, Tsukasa,Nakamura, Yu,Togo, Hideo
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supporting information
p. 6565 - 6568
(2017/07/10)
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- Water-controlled selective preparation of α-mono or α,α′-dihalo ketones: Via catalytic cascade reaction of unactivated alkynes with 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin
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The control of a reaction that can produce multiple products from the same starting material is a highly attractive and challenging concept in organic synthesis. An efficient protocol for the selective synthesis of α-mono or α,α′-dihalo ketones via a water-controlled three-component thiourea-catalyzed cascade reaction of unactivated alkynes, 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and water has been developed. α-Monohaloketones were obtained in aqueous acetone at 45 °C; conversely, α,α′-dihalo ketones were formed with pure water as the sole solvent at room temperature.
- Wu, Chao,Xin, Xiu,Fu, Zhi-Min,Xie, Long-Yong,Liu, Kai-Jian,Wang, Zheng,Li, Wenyi,Yuan, Zhi-Hui,He, Wei-Min
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p. 1983 - 1989
(2017/06/09)
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- Identification and preliminary structure–activity relationships of 1-Indanone derivatives as novel indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitors
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Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) plays a vital role in the catabolism of tryptophan along with the kynurenine pathway which is involved in many human diseases including cancer, Alzheimer's disease, etc. In this study, compound 1 bearing a 1-Indanone scaffold was identified as a novel IDO1 inhibitor by structure-based virtual screening, with moderate to good enzymatic and cellular inhibitory activities. Also, surface plasmon resonance analysis validated the direct interaction between compound 1 and IDO1 protein. The preliminary SAR was further explored and the binding mode with IDO1 protein was predicted by experiment along with molecular docking. Subsequent ADME properties of these active compounds were analyzed in silico, and the results showed good pharmacokinetic efficiencies. We believe this study contributes a lot to the structural diversity for the future development of highly potent IDO1 inhibitors.
- Gao, Dingding,Li, Yingxia
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p. 3780 - 3791
(2017/06/13)
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- First Catalyzed Hydration of Haloalkynes by a Recyclable Catalytic System
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The hydration of haloalkynes to give α-halomethyl ketones was achieved based on a combination of a Cu(OAc)2 catalyst and a TFA (trifluoroacetic acid) promoter. This is the first synthesis of chloro/bromo/iodo methyl ketones through a hydration reaction catalyzed by a recyclable catalytic system. The catalytic system has a wide substrate scope and excellent chemoselectivity, and the procedure can also be scaled up.
- Zou, Huaxu,He, Weibao,Dong, Qizhi,Wang, Ruijia,Yi, Niannian,Jiang, Jun,Pen, Dongming,He, Weimin
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p. 116 - 121
(2016/01/26)
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- Highly Efficient Synthesis of α-Halomethylketones via Ce(SO4)2/Acid Co-Catalyzed Hydration of Alkynes
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A general atom-economical approach for the synthesis of α-halomethyl ketones is demonstrated through Ce(SO4)2/acid co-catalyzed hydration of a wide range of haloalkynes. The reactions are conducted under convenient conditions and provide products with excellent regioselectivity in good to excellent yields, with broad substrate scope. This protocol is an alternative to conventional α-halogenation of ketones.
- Zou, Huaxu,Jiang, Jun,Yi, Niannian,Fu, Wenqiang,Deng, Wei,Xiang, Jiannan
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supporting information
p. 1251 - 1254
(2016/12/27)
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- In(OTf)3/acid co-catalyzed hydration of 1-haloalkynes to α-halomethyl ketones
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A novel and efficient In(OTf)3and HOAc cooperatively catalyzed hydration of 1-haloalkynes is described. This method provides ready access to α-chloromethyl ketones, α-bromomethyl ketones and α-iodomethyl ketones in moderate to high yields from simple, inexpensive starting materials. A broad substrate scope is achieved, and the reaction is compatible with various functional groups, including alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, halide, hydroxyl, cyclohexyl, and heterocyclic groups.
- Zeng, Ming,Huang, Rui-Xue,Li, Wen-Yi,Liu, Xiao-Wen,He, Fu-Ling,Zhang, Yi-Yuan,Xiao, Fang
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p. 3818 - 3822
(2016/07/06)
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- TRICYCLIC HETEROCYCLES AS BET PROTEIN INHIBITORS
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The present invention relates to tricyclic heterocycles which are inhibitors of BET proteins such as BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRD-t and are useful in the treatment of diseases such as cancer.
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Page/Page column 90
(2014/09/29)
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- Reactivity of a-trifluoromethanesulfonyl esters, amides and ketones: Decarboxylative allylation, methylation, and enol formation
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The impact of α-trifluoromethanesulfonyl groups on the chemistry of various carbonyl groups is reported. Allylic α, α-dialkylated- α-trifluoromethanesulfonyl esters readily underwent decarboxylative allylation. α-Trifluoromethylsulfonyl esters, ketones, and amides were all methylated in the presence of trimethylsilyldiazomethane. Esters afforded a mixture of O-and C-methylation; however, ketones and amides offered exclusively O-methylation, with varying degrees of E/Z selectivity, thus affording ambiphilic alkenes. α-Trifluoromethanesulfonyl ketones also exhibited keto-enol tautomerism.
- Kong, Han Il,Gill, Monica A.,Hrdina, Amy H.,Crichton, Jennifer E.,Manthorpe, Jeffrey M.
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p. 151 - 161
(2013/11/06)
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- Gold-catalyzed hydration of haloalkynes to α-halomethyl ketones
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A general atom-economical approach for the synthesis of α-halomethyl ketones is demonstrated through hydration of a wide range of haloalkynes. Other outstanding features include excellent yields from both alkyl- and aryl-substituted haloalkynes and wide functional group tolerance. This protocol is an alternative to conventional α-halogenation of ketones.
- Xie, Longyong,Wu, Yundong,Yi, Weiguo,Zhu, Lei,Xiang, Jiannan,He, Weimin
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p. 9190 - 9195
(2013/10/08)
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- Bromination of enamines from tertiary amides using the petasis reagent: A convenient one-pot regioselective route to bromomethyl ketones
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An original one-pot synthesis of bromomethyl ketones is achived using the Petasis reagent (dimethyltitanocene) as a key for enamine generation. Several amides were used to test the limits of the procedure by changing either the alkyl chain R or the amino portion of the starting materials. The enamines generated in situ were allowed to react with bromine at low temperature followed by hydrolysis to yield bromomethyl ketones in excellent yields (85 to 95%). Mechanistic details and optimum conditions for the reaction are briefly discussed. The present approach offers several advantages such as regioselectivity in enamine formation, good yields, mild reaction conditions, and ease of experimentation.
- Kobeissi, Marwan,Cherry, Khalil,Jomaa, Wissam
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supporting information
p. 2955 - 2965
(2013/09/02)
-
- A novel 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one: HIV-1 replication inhibitors with improved metabolic stability
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Following the previous SAR of a novel dihydropyrimidinone scaffold as HIV-1 replication inhibitors a detailed study directed towards optimizing the metabolic stability of the ester functional group in the dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) scaffold is described. Replacement of the ester moiety by thiazole ring significantly improved the metabolic stability while retaining antiviral activity against HIV-1 replication. These novel and potent DHPMs with bioisosteres could serve as advanced leads for further optimization.
- Kim, Junwon,Ok, Taedong,Park, Changmin,So, Wonyoung,Jo, Mina,Kim, Youngmi,Seo, Minjung,Lee, Doohyun,Jo, Suyeon,Ko, Yoonae,Choi, Inhee,Park, Youngsam,Yoon, Jaewan,Ju, Moon Kyeong,Ahn, Jiye,Kim, Junghwan,Han, Sung-Jun,Kim, Tae-Hee,Cechetto, Jonathan,Nam, Jiyoun,Liuzzi, Michel,Sommer, Peter,No, Zaesung
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scheme or table
p. 2522 - 2526
(2012/05/05)
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- Mechanism and scope of the MnIII-initiated oxidation of β-ketocarbonyl compounds: Furan synthesis
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Unless the MnIII-produced carbon-radical from β-ketocarbonyl compounds undergoes smooth intramolecular addition to alkenes, it traps molecular oxygen in the reaction medium to produce a peroxy radical, which reacts with the neighbouring carbonyl group to form 1,2-dioxetane. Thermal decomposition of 1,2-dioxetane completes the oxidation to produce α-oxo ester. This oxidation seems to be general at 50°C under aerobic conditions, and can be catalytic for MnIII in AcOH with ultrasonic irradiation. Thus, the development of a new synthetic method for diversely substituted furans has been accomplished based on a couple of the MnIII-initiated domino oxidation of β-ketocarbonyl compounds with a suitable α-allylic substitution. Copyright
- Wang, Chao,Li, Zhilong,Ju, Yeming,Koo, Sangho
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supporting information
p. 6976 - 6985
(2013/03/13)
-
- Stereoselective synthesis of ambiphilic alkenes via regioselective methylation of α-trifluoromethanesulfonyl carbonyl compounds with trimethylsilyldiazomethane
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α-Trifluoromethanesulfonyl esters, ketones and amides are C-H acids capable of reacting with trimethylsilyldiazomethane to afford the corresponding ambiphilic alkenes. While esters were found to be non-selective, ketones were highly regioselective for O-methylation and displayed variable E/Z stereoselectivity. Amides were observed to be both highly regio- and stereoselective, affording O-methylation with exclusive formation of the Z-alkene.
- Kong, Han Il,Crichton, Jennifer E.,Manthorpe, Jeffrey M.
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p. 3714 - 3717
(2011/08/06)
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- Design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship study of conformationally constrained analogs of indole-3-carboxamides as novel CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonists
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Novel tricyclic indole-3-carboxamides were synthesized as structurally restricted analogs of bicyclic indoles, and found to be potent CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonists. The CB1 agonist activity depended on the absolute configuration of the chiral center of the tricyclic ring. The preferred enantiomer was more potent than the structurally unconstrained lead compound. Structure-activity relationships in the amide side chain of the indole C-3 position were also investigated.
- Kiyoi, Takao,York, Mark,Francis, Stuart,Edwards, Darren,Walker, Glenn,Houghton, Andrea K.,Cottney, Jean E.,Baker, James,Adam, Julia M.
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scheme or table
p. 4918 - 4921
(2010/11/04)
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- COMPOUNDS FOR TREATING DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
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Compounds of general formula (I), wherein X1, X2, X3, R1, R2, R3, Y and Z are as defined herein are useful for the treatment and prevention of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy and cachexia.
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Page/Page column 21
(2009/03/07)
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- Synthesis and biological activity of novel peptide mimetics as melanocortin receptor agonists
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A series of novel peptidomimetic analogs was prepared containing cyclohexyl, phenyl, or heterocyclic groups to ostensibly orient the guanidine or mimic of an arginine in a putative melanocortin receptor ligand pharmacophore. Some binding affinity at the melanocortin receptors MC3 and MC4 was noted. In silico docking also indicated that the relative positions of the hydrogen-bonding sites and hydrophobic regions of the compounds are reasonably well matched to the receptor-binding site. This may present a lead entry into a selective series of MC4R agonists.
- Liu, Xue-Wei,Ma, Jimei,Colson, Anny-Odile,Doersen, Doreen Cross,Ebetino, Frank H.
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p. 1223 - 1228
(2008/12/21)
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- Synthesis of substituted 3-arylpiperidines and 3-arylpyrrolidines by radical 1,4 and 1,2-aryl migrations
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A route to 3-arylpiperidines and 3-arylpyrrolidines involving radical 1,4- and 1,2-aryl migrations has been explored. For the piperidines, the first route requires a xanthate addition to an N-allylarylsulfonamide, followed by acetylation and treatment with lauroyl peroxide to give the corresponding 1,4-aryl transfer product. This compound can be converted into the desired piperidine derivative following acidic hydrolysis. For the second approach to piperidines, addition of an α-keto xanthate to olefins of type 14 causes 1,2-aryl migration leading to an α,β-unsaturated ester, which can be converted into a piperidine by the action of ammonia or a primary amine and sodium cyanoborohydride. Substituted 3-arylpyrrolidines can be obtained by simply starting with an α-amido substituted xanthate.
- Gheorghe, Alexandru,Quiclet-Sire, Béatrice,Vila, Xavier,Zard, Samir Z.
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p. 7187 - 7212
(2008/02/07)
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- Synthesis of 3-arylpiperidines by a radical 1,4-aryl migration
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(Chemical Equation Presented) A route to 3-arylpiperidines, 3-arylpyridines, and 5-arylpiperidin-2-ones involving a radical 1,4-aryl migration has been explored. The sequence requires a xanthate addition to an N-allylarylsulfonamide, followed by acetylation and treatment with dilauroyl peroxide to give the 1,4-aryl transfer product, which upon acidic hydrolysis affords the desired piperidine derivative.
- Gheorghe, Alexandra,Quiclet-Sire, Beatrice,Vila, Xavier,Zard, Samir Z.
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p. 1653 - 1656
(2007/10/03)
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- Derivatives of heterocycles with 5 members, their preparation and their use as medicaments
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The invention relates to thiazole, oxazole, imidazole, isoxazole and isoxazoline derivatives of general formula (I) wherein Het is thiazole, oxazole, imidazole, isoxazole or isoxazoline, n is an integer from 0 to 6, A is notably selected from various optionally substituted aromatic radicals, B is notably hydrogen, alkyl or phenyl, R1 and R2 are notably independently hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl or R1 and R2, taken together with the carbon atom which carries them, form a carbocycle with 3 to 7 members and Ω is —NR46R47 or —OR48, R46 and R47 are notably independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or —(CH2)k—COOR51, R51 is notably alkyl or haloalkyl and R48 is notably hydrogen or alkyl. These compounds have advantageous pharmacological properties which allow their use in therapeutics, notably for treating neurodegenerative disorders or pain.
- -
-
-
- Derivatives of heterocycles with 5 members, their preparation and their use as medicaments
-
The invention relates to thiazole, oxazole, imidazole, isoxazole and isoxazoline derivatives of general formula (I) wherein Het is thiazole, oxazole, imidazole, isoxazole or isoxazoline, n is an integer from 0 to 6, A is notably selected from various optionally substituted aromatic radicals, B is notably hydrogen, alkyl or phenyl, R1 and R2 are notably independently hydrogen, alkyl or cycloalkyl and Ω is —NR46R47 or —OR48 R46 and R47 are notably independently hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or —(CH2)k—COOR51, R51 is notably alkyl or haloalkyl and R48 is notably hydrogen or alkyl. These compounds have advantageous pharmacological properties which allow their use in therapeutics, notably for treating neurodegenerative disorders or pain.
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of potent, orally active adenosine A1 receptor antagonists with high blood-brain barrier permeability
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A novel series of 3-(2-substituted-3-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridazin-6-yl) -2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines (5-38) were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro adenosine A1 and A2A receptor binding activities, and in vitro metabolism by rat liver in order to search for orally active compounds. Most of the test compounds were potent adenosine A1 receptor antagonists with high A1 selectivity and the A1 affinity and A1 selectivity of carbonyl derivatives (5-11) was particularly high. In particular, compound 7 was an extremely potent and selective adenosine A1 antagonist with high A1 selectivity (Ki=0.026 nM, A2A/A1=5400). In terms of metabolic stability, 2-oxopropyl (5), 2-hydroxypropyl (12), N-methylacetamide (16), 2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl (28) and 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl (32, FR194921) were the most stable compounds in this series of analogues. Further in vivo evaluation indicated that compounds 5, 13, 17, 28 and 32 were detected in both plasma and brain after oral administration in rats. In particular, 32 displayed good plasma and brain concentrations (dose: 32mg/kg (n=3); after 30 min, plasma conc.=3390±651 nM, brain conc.=3670±496 nM; after 60 min, plasma conc.=1580±348 nM, brain conc.=2143±434 nM), and a good brain/plasma ratio (1.11±0.060 (30 min), 1.39±0.172 (60 min)). As a result, we could show that 32 is a good candidate for an orally active adenosine A1 receptor antagonist with high blood-brain barrier permeability and good bioavailability (Ki=6.6 nM, A2A/A1=820, BA=60.6±4.9% (32 mg/kg)).
- Kuroda,Takamura,Tenda,Itani,Tomishima,Akahane,Sakane
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p. 988 - 998
(2007/10/03)
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- THERAPEUTIC AGENT FOR DIABETES
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A therapeutic agent for diabetes, which comprises a compound of the formula [I] wherein Xis a group of the formula wherein R4and R5are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the like, and R6is a hydrogen atom or an amino-protecting group; R1is an optionally substituted alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and the like, R2is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the like, R2' is a hydrogen atom, and R3is an optionally substituted alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the like, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof and a solvate thereof. The compound of the present invention shows superior blood sugar decreasing action on the state of hyperglycemia, but does not affect the blood sugar when it is in the normal range or in the hypoglycemic state, which means that it is free of serious side effects such as hypoglycemia. Therefore, the compound of the present invention is useful as a therapeutic drug for diabetes and also useful as a preventive of the chronic complications of diabetes.
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- A convenient synthesis of 4-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-4-ols by a novel intramolecular Barbier reaction and by an insertion reaction: Reaction scope and limitations
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4-Substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-4-ols were prepared from N-(2-iodobenzyl)phenacylamines by an intramolecular Barbier reaction with butyllithium and by an insertion reaction with zerovalent nickel. The scope and limitations of these reactions were discussed.
- Kihara, Masaru,Kashimoto, Minoru,Kobayashi, Yoshimaro
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- Synthesis and antibacterial activity of some imidazo[1,2-a[pyrimidine derivatives
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A series of 75 imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized. The 'in vitro' antibacterial activity of these compounds and their corresponding α-bromoketones against a variety of gram (+), gram (-) bacteria and Mycobacterium species is reported. Some of the prepared derivatives exhibited potent antimicrobial activity.
- Rival,Grassy,Michel
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p. 1170 - 1176
(2007/10/02)
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- Cycloalkylthiazoles
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The invention relates to compounds of the formula: STR1 wherein R is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R1, R2, R3 and R4, independently, are hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, cycloalkyl or phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by up to 3 substituents independently selected from lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or halogen, or R1 and R2 taken together with the carbon atom are alkylene of 2 to 5 carbon atoms unsubstituted or substituted by lower alkyl, and n is an integer of from 0 to 3, and, when R1 is different from R2 and/or when R3 is different from R4, enantiomers, diastereomers and racemates thereof and, when R is hydrogen, salts thereof with pharmaceutically acceptable bases. The compounds of formula I and, when R is hydrogen, pharmaceutically exceptable salts thereof are useful as bronchopulmonary agents, for example, in the relief of asthma and allergic reactions.
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