- Highly efficient NHC-iridium-catalyzed β-methylation of alcohols with methanol at low catalyst loadings
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The methylation of alcohols is of great importance since a broad number of bioactive and pharmaceutical alcohols contain methyl groups. Here, a highly efficient β-methylation of primary and secondary alcohols with methanol has been achieved by using bis-N-heterocyclic carbene iridium (bis-NHC-Ir) complexes. Broad substrate scope and up to quantitative yields were achieved at low catalyst loadings with only hydrogen and water as by-products. The protocol was readily extended to the β-alkylation of alcohols with several primary alcohols. Control experiments, along with DFT calculations and crystallographic studies, revealed that the ligand effect is critical to their excellent catalytic performance, shedding light on more challenging Guerbet reactions with simple alcohols. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Lu, Zeye,Zheng, Qingshu,Zeng, Guangkuo,Kuang, Yunyan,Clark, James H.,Tu, Tao
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p. 1361 - 1366
(2021/06/30)
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- Synthesis of Halomethyl Isoxazoles/Cyclic Nitrones via Cascade Sequence: 1,2-Halogen Radical Shift as a Key Link
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A novel iminoxyl radical-promoted dichotomous regioselective 5-exo-trig cyclization onto vinylic halogen/1,2-halogen radical shift sequence is developed for the synthesis of halomethyl isoxazoles/cyclic nitrones using β-halo-β,?- and ?-halo-?,?-unsaturated ketoximes as the substrates and PhI(OAc)2/TEMPO as the oxidation system. DFT calculations reveal that a halogen-bridged three-membered ring transition state is involved in the 1,2-Cl-/Br-atom shift, while the 1,2-I atom migration can be taken into account with an elimination/readdition mechanism. The migration ability was indicated to be ranked in the following order: I > Br > Cl.
- Chen, Hong-Lei,Wei, Dian,Zhang, Jian-Wu,Li, Cheng-Lin,Yu, Wei,Han, Bing
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supporting information
p. 2906 - 2910
(2018/05/28)
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- Chiroptical properties of 1,3-diphenylallene-anchored tetrathiafulvalene and its polymer synthesis
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A novel tetrathiafulvalene dimer, bridged by a chiral 1,3-diphenylallene framework, has been prepared as an optically active compound having strong chiroptical properties. Although a chiral allene bearing strong electron-donating group(s) often undergoes slow photoracemization even in daylight, the present allene is totally configurationally stable under ordinary conditions. Each isomer possesses pronounced chiroptical properties in its ECD spectra reflecting the chiral allene framework. Moreover, the elongation of the chiral main chain was also carried out by direct C-H activation of the TTF unit, and the chiroptical properties of the resulting polymer were also investigated.
- Hasegawa, Masashi,Endo, Junta,Iwata, Seiya,Shimasaki, Toshiaki,Mazaki, Yasuhiro
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supporting information
p. 972 - 979
(2015/08/18)
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- Modulators of methyl modifying enzymes, compositions and uses thereof
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Agents for modulating methyl modifying enzymes, compositions and uses thereof are provided herein.
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Page/Page column 153; 154
(2015/12/26)
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- CYCLOALKYL NITRILE PYRAZOLO PYRIDONES AS JANUS KINASE INHIBITORS
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Compounds of formula I are provided, which are JAK inhibitors and are useful for the treatment of JAK-mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, COPD and cancer.
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Page/Page column 133
(2014/10/03)
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- MODULATORS OF METHYL MODIFYING ENZYMES, COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF
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Agents for modulating methyl modifying enzymes, compositions and uses thereof are provided herein
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Paragraph 00300; 00301
(2013/06/05)
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- Indium-copper and indium-silver mediated Barbier-Grignard-type alkylation reaction of aldehydes using unactivated alkyl halides in water
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(Chemical Equation Presented) An efficient method has been developed for the Barbier-Grignard-type alkylation reaction of aldehydes (including aliphatic version) using unactivated alkyl halides in water in the presence of an In/CuI/I2 or In/AgI/I2 system. The reactions proceeded more efficiently in water than in organic solvent. In, CuI or AgI, and I 2 were all essential for the efficient progress of the reactions. A radical-type reaction mechanism was studied and proposed by using 4-pentenal as substrate.
- Shen, Zhi-Liang,Yeo, Yan-Lin,Loh, Teck-Peng
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p. 3922 - 3924
(2008/09/19)
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- Reaction of secondary and tertiary aliphatic halides with aromatic aldehydes mediated by chromium(II): a selective cross-coupling of alkyl and ketyl radicals
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Takai-Utimoto reactions with secondary and tertiary aliphatic halides usually failed according to previous reports. Now, significant improvements could be achieved, and especially secondary aliphatic halides can be coupled to aromatic aldehydes in yields of up to >95%. A variety of processes are competing with the desired one, and thus conditions must be adapted to the nature of the aldehyde as well as the aliphatic halide used, as the outcome of these reactions is strongly affected by the putative radical intermediates.
- Wessjohann, Ludger A.,Schmidt, Gisela,Schrekker, Henri S.
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p. 2134 - 2142
(2008/09/18)
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- N-BENZODIOXOLYL, N-BENZODIOXANYL AND N-BENZODIOXEPINYL ARYLCARBONXAMIDE DERIVATIVES, AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING THEM
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The present invention relates to a compound of the formula (I) : in which T, A, R, B Xi, Yi and n are as defined in Claim 1, and to the pharmaceutically usable derivatives, solvates and stereoisomers thereof, comprising a mixture thereof in all proportions, which can be used in the treatment of dyslipidaemia, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.
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- N-Isoxazolyl-biphenylsulfonamide derivatives, their preparation and their use as endothelin antagonists
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A compound of the formula I an enantiomer, diastereomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: one of X and Y is N and the other is O; R2,R3,R4 and R5 are each independently (a) hydrogen;(b) alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkenylalkyl, aryl, aryloxy, aralkyl or aralkoxy, any of which may be substituted with Z1, Z2 and Z3;(c) halo;(d) hydroxyl;(e) cyano;(f) nitro;(g)-C(O)H or-C(O)R6;(h)-CO2H or-CO2R6;(i)-SH,-S(O)nR6 ,-S(O)m-OH,-S(O)m-OR6,-O-S(O)m-R6,-O-S(O)mOH or-O-S(O)m-OR6;(j)-Z4-NR7R8; or(k)-Z4-N(R11)-Z5-NR9 R10; R4 and R5 together are alkylene or alkenylene, either of which may be substituted with Z1,Z2 and Z3, completing a 4-to 8-membered saturated, unsaturated or aromatic ring together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached; G1 is (a) hydrogen; or(b) alkyl; G2 is (a) hydroxyalkyl;(b)-(CH2)mOR6; or(c)-(CH2)m-NR12 R13;(d) mono-to hexa-halo substituted alkyl; or(e)-(CH2)n OR14; and the remaining symbols are as defined in the description.The compounds of formula I are antagonists of ET-1, ET-2 and /or ET-3 and are useful in treatment of conditions associated with increased ET levels (e.g., dialysis, trauma and surgery) and of all endothelin-dependent disorders. They are thus inter alia useful as antihypertensive agents.
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- 4-HYDROXY-BENZOPYRAN-2-ONES AND 4-HYDROXY-CYCLOALKYL[B]PYRAN-2-ONES USEFUL TO TREAT RETROVIRAL INFECTIONS
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The present invention relates to compounds of formula I which are 4-hydroxy-benzopyran-2-ones and 4-hydroxy-cycloalkyl[b]pyran-2-ones useful for inhibiting a retrovirus in a mammalian cell infected with said retrovirus. STR1 Wherein R 10 and R 20 taken together are: STR2
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- Thiophenesulfonamides as endothelin receptor antagonists
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The synthesis and in vitro binding affinities of a series of thiophenesulfonamides as ET(A) selective endothelin receptor antagonists is described. The most potent inhibitor displayed an IC50 of 43 nM and 3 μM to ET(A) and ET(B) receptors, respectively.
- Raju,Wu, Chengde,Kois, Adam,Verner, Erik,Okun, Ilya,Stavros, Fiona,Chan, Ming Fai
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p. 2651 - 2656
(2007/10/03)
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