- Synthesis, Antileishmanial Activity and In Silico Studies of Aminoguanidine Hydrazones (AGH) and Thiosemicarbazones (TSC) Against Leishmania chagasi Amastigotes
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Background: Leishmaniasis is a worldwide health problem, highly endemic in developing countries. Among the four main clinical forms of the disease, visceral leishmaniasis is the most se-vere, fatal in 95% of cases. The undesired side-effects from first-li
- Alexandre-Moreira, Magna S.,Aquino, Pedro G. V.,Bourguignon, Jean-Jacques,Bri-Card, Jacques,Freitas, Johnnatan D.,Meneghetti, Mario R.,Nascimento, Igor J. S.,Queiroz, Aline C.,Rodrigues, Klinger A. F.,Rodrigues, Raiza R. L.,Santos, Mariana S.,Schmitt, Martine,de Aquino, Thiago M.,Araújo, Morgana V.,Fran?a, Paulo H. B.,Rodrigues, érica E. E. S.,Santos-Júnior, Paulo F. S.,da Silva-Júnior, Edeildo F.,de Araújo-Júnior, Jo?o X.
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p. 151 - 169
(2022/02/05)
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- Insight on a new indolinone derivative as an orally bioavailable lead compound against renal cell carcinoma
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A series of novel 3-indolinone-thiazolidinones and oxazolidinones 4a-k was synthesized via molecular hybridization approach and sequentially evaluated to explore its cytotoxic activity. The cytotoxicity screening pointed toward the N-cyclohexyl thiazolidinone derivative 4f that revealed promising renal cytotoxicity against CAKI-1 and UO-31 renal cancer cell lines with IC50 values 4.74 and 3.99 μM, respectively, which were comparable to those of sunitinib along with good safety threshold against normal renal cells. Further emphasis on compound 4f renal cytotoxicity was achieved via different enzyme assays and CAKI-1 and UO-31 cell cycle analysis. The results were supported by in silico studies to explore its physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties. Finally, compound 4f was subjected to an in vivo pharmacokinetic study through two different routes of administration showing excellent oral bioavailability. This research represents compound 4f as a promising candidate against renal cell carcinoma.
- Fouad, Marwa A.,Zaki, Mayssoune Y.,Lotfy, Raghda A.,Mahmoud, Walaa R.
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- A new coordination compound based on 4-amino-3-(tetrazol-5-yl)-furazan (HAFT): preparation, crystal structure, and thermal properties
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The green nitrogen-rich coordination compound Cd(SCZ)2(AFT)2 (1) (AFT =4-amino-3-(5-tetrazolate)-furazan and SCZ = semicarbazide) was first synthesized and characterized by EA and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). The single crystal was cultivated and determined with X-ray diffraction. It revealed that 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c. A Cd2+ ion is coordinated by four N atoms and two O atoms to form a distorted octahedral structure. Among them, two nitrogen atoms are from the two AFT ions and the other four atoms are from two SCZ molecules. The thermal decomposition behavior of 1 was studied with DSC and TG-DTG methods. The apparent activation energy (E), thermal stability, and safety parameters (TSADT, TTIT, and Tb) were calculated for 1. Moreover, entropy of activation (ΔS≠), enthalpy of activation (ΔH≠), free energy of activation (ΔG≠), specific heat capacity (Cp), and impact sensitivity were also discussed in detail.
- Ding, Zi-Mei,Cao, Wen-Li,Hang, Xiao-Jing,Ma, Xiao,Zheng, Hui,Xu, Kang-Zhen,Huang, Jie
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p. 3554 - 3564
(2018/12/04)
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- Chelates with π-stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions as safer and structurally reinforced energetic materials
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Three chelating energetic materials (CEM), [Co(SCZ)2(H2O)2](TNR)(H2O)2 (1), [Ni(SCZ)2(H2O)2](TNR)(H2O)2 (2) and [Zn(SCZ)2(H2/sub
- Yang, Li,Li, Hongrun,Zhang, Guoying,Liu, Jianchao,Tong, Wenchao
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p. 405 - 409
(2017/07/10)
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- Peptidomimetics comprising N-amino cyclic urea residues and uses thereof
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Novel peptidomimetics comprising N-amino cyclic urea residues are disclosed. Use of such peptidomimetics for modulating the activity of CD36 or IL-1 receptor in a cell, and for treating CD36- or IL-1-related disease, disorder or condition is also described.
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Page/Page column
(2015/04/15)
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- PEPTIDOMIMETICS COMPRISING N-AMINO CYCLIC UREA RESIDUES AND USES THEREOF
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Novel peptidomimetics comprising N-amino cyclic urea residues are disclosed. Use of such peptidomimetics for modulating the activity of CD36 or IL-1 receptor in a cell, and for treating CD36- or IL-1-related disease, disorder or condition is also described
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Page/Page column
(2014/02/16)
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- Synthesis, crystal structure, characterisation, and antifungal activity of 3-thiophene aldehyde semicarbazone (3STCH), 2,3-thiophene dicarboxaldehyde bis(semicarbazone) (2,3BSTCH2) and their nickel (II) complexes
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The reaction of nickel (II) chloride and bromide with 3-thiophene aldehyde semicarbazone (3STCH) and 2,3-thiophene dicarboxaldehyde bis(semicarbazone) (2,3BSTCH2) leads to the formation of a series of new complexes: [NiCl2(3STCH)2], [NiBr2(3STCH)2], [NiCl(2,3BSTCH2)(H2O)]Cl, and [NiBr(2,3BSTCH 2)(H2O)]Br respectively. The crystal structures of the two ligands 3STCH, 2,3BSTCH2 and of the complex [NiBr(2,3BSTCH 2)(H2O)]Br have been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. For all these complexes, the central ion is coordinated through the oxygen atom of the carbonyle and the azomethine nitrogen atom of the semicarbazone. The antifungal activity of the complexes and their corresponding ligands was evaluated against some strains of respectively, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Aspergillus fumigatus. The complexes with 3STCH and 2,3BSTCH2 revealed interesting CMI80 values specifically against C. glabrata. Cytotoxicity assay was also carried out in vitro on MRC5 cells.
- Alomar, Kusai,Gaumet, Vincent,Allain, Magali,Bouet, Gilles,Landreau, Anne
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- HETEROCYCLIC ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS
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The present invention relates to a method of treating an HIV-I infection with a compound according to formula I where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, are as defined herein.
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- Study of the reaction between carbamoyl azides of α-N-protected amino acids and hydrazine monohydrate
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Two simple and efficient synthetic methods for the preparation of semicarbazide amino acid derivatives are reported. The procedures involve reaction between the carbamoyl azides of α-N-protected amino acids and hydrazine monohydrate: 4-[(alkoxycarbonylamino)(alkyl)methyl]semicarbazides 1 are obtained when hydrazine is added to the separated tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution containing the carbamoyl azide at 0 °C, whereas 1-[(alkoxycarbonylamino)(alkyl)methyl-carbamoyl]-4-[(alkoxycarbonylamino)(alkyl) methyl]semicarbazides 4 are produced by adding hydrazine directly into the final THF/aqueous buffer (KH2PO4) biphasic mixture containing the prepared carbamoyl azide at 50 °C, respectively. NMR experimental data obtained from samples dissolved in [D6]dimethyl sulfoxide suggest a dimeric association for semicarbazides 4 with intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, the ESI-MS-MS spectra reveal some interesting common features.
- Verardo, Giancarlo,Venneri, Cesare Daniele,Esposito, Gennaro,Strazzolini, Paolo
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scheme or table
p. 1376 - 1384
(2011/04/17)
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- Synthesis and biological screening of novel thiadiazoles, selenadiazoles, and spirocyclic benzopyran by ultrasonic and microwave irradiation
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We describe the synthesis of novel thiadiazole, selenadiazole, and spirocyclic benzopyrans via the semicarbazides 3 and thiosemicarbazides 3 of 2-ethyl-2-methyl-4H-chromen-4-ones 1 by conventional and nonconventional methods. The microwave and ultrasonic irradiation methods form the respective products in excellent yields in very short reaction time as compared to the conventional method. The synthesized compounds were tested for antimicrobial screening against bacteria and fungi show moderate activity. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the free supplemental file. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Shinde,Sonar,Shingate,Shingare
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experimental part
p. 1594 - 1603
(2010/10/01)
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- Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases, compositions and uses related thereto
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The invention pertains to novel cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (cdks) and specifically, but not exclusively, as inhibitors of cdk/cyclin complexes. As described herein, the inhibitors of this invention are capable of inhibiting the cell-cycle machinery and consequently may be useful in modulating cell-cycle progression, ultimately controlling cell growth and differentiation. Such compounds would be useful for treating subjects having disorders associated with excessive cell proliferation.
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- Peptides having antiangiogenic activity
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Peptides of formula (I) Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-Xaa7-Xaa8-Xaa9-Xaa10-Xaa11??(I), are useful for inhibiting angiogenesis. Also disclosed are angiogenesis-inhibiting compositions and methods of inhibiting angiogenesis in a mammal.
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- N-alkylated peptides having antiangiogenic activity
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N-Alkylated peptides of formula (I) Xaa1-Xaa2-Xaa3-Xaa4-Xaa5-Xaa6-Xaa7-Xaa8-Xaa9-Xaa10-Xaa11??(I), are useful for inhibiting angiogenesis. Also disclosed are angiogenesis-inhibiting compositions and methods of inhibiting angiogenesis in a mammal.
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- Efficient and convenient deprotection of thiocarbonyl to carbonyl compounds using 3-carboxypyridinium and 2,2′-bipyridinium chlorochromates in solution, dry media, and under microwave irradiation
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A synthetic utility of 3-carboxypyridinium (CPCC) and 2,2′- bipyridinium (BPCC) chlorochromates in deprotection reactions is reported. Different types of thioamides, thioureas, thiono esters, and thioketones are deprotected to their corresponding carbonyl compounds with these reagents in good to excellent yields. The reactions were carried out in solution, under solvent-free conditions, and under microwave irradiation. The results show that with both reagents the rates of the reactions and the yields are usually highest under microwave irradiation. Springer-Verlag 2003.
- Mohammadpoor-Baltork, Iraj,Memarian, Hamid Reza,Bahrami, Kiumars
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p. 411 - 418
(2007/10/03)
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- Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases, compositions and uses related thereto
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The invention pertains to novel cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (cdks) and specifically, but not exclusively, as inhibitors of cdk/cyclin complexes. As described herein, the inhibitors of this invention are capable of inhibiting the cell-cycle machinery and consequently may be useful in modulating cell-cycle progression, ultimately controlling cell growth and differentiation. Such compounds would be useful for treating subjects having disorders associated with excessive cell proliferation.
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- Selective conversion of thioamides and thioureas to their oxygen analogues using quinolinium fluorochromate
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The synthetic utility of quinolinium fluorochromate (QFC) in deprotection of thiocarbonyl compounds is reported. A variety of primary and secondary thioamides and thioureas are converted to their oxo derivatives in high yields. However, tertiary thioamides afford their amides in relatively poor yields. Selective deprotection of thioamides and thioureas in the presence of thionoesters and thioketones is noteworthy advantage of this method.
- Tajbakhsh,Mohammadpoor-Baltork,Alimohammadi
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p. 2638 - 2640
(2007/10/03)
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- Bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate: A convenient and selective reagent for conversion of thiocarbonyls to their carbonyl compounds
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A variety of thioamides and thioureas are rapidly transformed to their oxo derivatives with Bi(NO3)3·5H2O in excellent yields. However, thiono esters and thioketones are converted to their corresponding carbonyl compounds in only poor yields. Bi(NO3)3·5H2O is relatively non-toxic, insensitive to air and inexpensive. These features coupled with the selective deprotection of thioamides and thioureas in the presence of thiono esters and thioketones make this method an attractive alternative to the existing routes for deprotection of thiocarbonyl compounds.
- Mohammadpoor-Baltork, Iraj,Khodaei, Mohammad Mehdi,Nikoofar, Kobra
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p. 591 - 594
(2007/10/03)
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- A facile and convenient method for deprotection of thiocarbonyls to their carbonyl compounds using oxone under aprotic and nonaqueous conditions
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The reaction of oxone as an inexpensive, stable, and commercially available reagent with thiocarbonyl compounds in refluxing acetonitrile has been studied. Primary, secondary, and tertiary thioamides and thioureas are converted to their oxo analogues efficiently. Thiono esters also are transformed to their corresponding esters, while thioketones remained intact under these conditions.
- Mohammadpoor-Baltork,Sadeghi,Esmayilpour
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- A convenient and inexpensive method for conversion of thiocarbonyl compounds to their oxo derivatives using oxone under solvent-free conditions
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A series of thioamides, thioureas and thioesters are transformed to their corresponding carbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields with oxone under solid phase conditions, while thioketones remained unchanged under these conditions.
- Mohammadpoor-Baltork, Iraj,Sadeghi, Majid M.,Esmayilpour, Karim
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p. 953 - 959
(2007/10/03)
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- 3- (2,4-dimethylthiazol-5-yl) indeno [1,2-c]pyrazol-4-one derivatives and their uses
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The present invention relates to 3-(2,4-dimethylthiazol-5-yl)indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4-ones of formula 1which are potent inhibitors of cyclin dependent kinases. This invention also provides a novel method of treating cancer or other proliferative diseases by administering a therapeutically effective amount of one of these compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof. Alternatively, one can treat cancer or other proliferative diseases by administering a therapeutically effective combination of one of the compounds of the present invention and one or more other known anti-cancer or anti-proliferative agents.
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- Indeno [1,2-c] pyrazol-4-ones and their uses
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The present invention relates to the synthesis of a new class of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4-ones of formula (I): that are potent inhibitors of the class of enzymes known as cyclin dependent kinases, which relate to the catalytic subunits cdk1-9 and their regulatory subunits know as cyclins A-H. This invention also provides a novel method of treating cancer or other proliferative diseases by administering a therapeutically effective amount of one of these compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof. Alternatively, one can treat cancer or other proliferative diseases by administering a therapeutically effective combination of one of the compounds of the present invention and one or more other known anti-cancer or anti-proliferative agents.
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- Antiinflammation agents
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Compounds, compositions and methods that are useful in the treatment of inflammatory, immunoregulatory, metabolic and cell proliferative conditions or diseases are provided herein. In particular, the invention provides compounds which modulate the expression and/or function of proteins involved in inflammation, metabolism and cell proliferation. The subject compounds contain fused carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings.
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- Indeno [1,2-c]pyrazol-4-ones and their uses
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The present invention relates to the synthesis of a new class of indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-4-ones of formula (I): that are potent inhibitors of the class of enzymes known as cyclin dependent kinases, which relate to the catalytic subunits cdk1-9 and their regulatory subunits know as cyclins A-H. This invention also provides a novel method of treating cancer or other proliferative diseases by administering a therapeutically effective amount of one of these compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof. Alternatively, one can treat cancer or other proliferative diseases by administering a therapeutically effective combination of one of the compounds of the present invention and one or more other known anti-cancer or anti-proliferative agents.
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- N-substituted-1, 2, 4-triazolone compounds for treatment of cardiovascular disorders
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A class of N-substituted-1,2,4-triazolone compounds is described for use in treatment of cardiovascular disorders. Compounds of particular interest are angiotensin II antagonists of the formula wherein R1 is selected from methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, 4-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, phenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexylmethyl, 1-oxoethyl, 1-oxopropyl, 1-oxobutyl, 1-oxopentyl and hydroxyalkyl; wherein R2 is selected from ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, 4-methylbutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, neo-pentyl, propylthio and butylthio; wherein each of R3 through R11 is hydrido with the proviso that at least one of R5 and R9 must be selected from COOH, SH, PO3H2, SO3H, CONHNH2, CONHNHSO2CF3, OH, wherein each of R42 and R43 is independently selected from chloro, cyano, nitro, trifluoromethyl, methoxycarbonyl and trifluoromethylsulfonyl. These compounds are particularly useful in treatment or control of hypertension and congestive heart failure.
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- Semicarbazine/manganese complex and gas generator for air bag
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The manganese complex of the invention is one represented by the formula (1 ) EQU [Mn(H2 NNHCONH2)3 ](NO3)2 (1) PAL and showing weight loss of not higher than 1% after heating at 107° C. for 400 hours. The manganese complex has high heat stability and is used as an active component of an air bag gas generating composition. The air bag gas generating composition of the invention contains the above-mentioned manganese complex. The air bag gas generating composition comprising a complex mixture of the manganese complex and magnesium complex of semicarbazide and/or carbohydrazide features a high rate of combustion residue in an inflator.
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- Pyrimidone derivatives with antifungal activity
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Compounds of general formula I and their salts and solvates are antifungal agents and as such are useful in the treatment of various fungal infections. Pharmaceutical compositions including these compounds and processes for their preparation are also provided.
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- Bicyclic substituted hexahydrobenz ?e! isoindole alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists
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The present invention relates to a compound of the formula STR1 and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein W is a bicyclic heterocyclic ring system. The compounds are α-1 adrenergic antagonists and are useful in the treatment of BPH; also disclosed are α-1 antagonist compositions and a method for antagonizing α-1 receptors and treating BPH.
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- Pyridinium compounds
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Methods for using novel quaternary pyridinium compounds in inhibiting acetylcholinesterase in mammals, specifically using the quaternary pyridinium compounds in the prophylaxis and treatment of organophosphate poisoning and mammalian dementia by mimicking or opposing the actions of the natural neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
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- Tetrahydrofuran antifungals
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A compound represented by the formula I STR1 wherein X is independently both F or both Cl or one X is independently F and the other is independently Cl; R1 is a straight or branched chain (C3 to C8) alkyl group substituted by one or two hydroxy moieties, an ether or ester thereof (e.g., a polyether ester amino acid ester or phosphate ester) thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and pharmaceutical compositions thereof useful for treating and/or preventing fungal infections are disclosed.
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- 6-position modified decapeptide LHRH antagonists
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The present invention provides a class of decapeptide compounds which are potent antagonists of LHRH activity and which have the structure A1 -D2 -E3 -G4 -J5 -L6 -M7 -Q8 -R9 -T10. The compounds of the percent invention are characterized by having an Ω-amino-functionalized side chain on the D-aminoacyl residue at position 6. The Ω-amino group of this side chain is further derivatized by the attachment of an extending group which likewise has a terminal amino group which is capped by an acyl group.
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- Triazole compounds, their intermediates, and method for production of the same
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The present invention relates to a triazole compound represented by the formula (1): STR1 wherein R1 represents a lower alkyl group which may have a substituent; R2 and R3 represent respectively hydrogen, an aryl group, a benzoyl group, a tosyl group, a lower alkoxy carbonyl group, or an aryl sulfonyl group, each of which except for hydrogen may have a substituent; provided that when R2 is hydrogen, the triazole compound is represented by the formula (2): STR2 wherein R1 and R3 have the same as defined above.
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- Process for producing semicarbazide
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This invention provides a process for preparing semicarbazide comprising reacting the compound of the formula (I) STR1 with ammonia in the absence or presence of chloride, hydroxide, sulfate, carbonate, acetate, salicylate, ammine complex or ethylenediamine complex of zinc or of cadmium, or a mixture thereof as catalyst. This process has the advantage of being free of the use of sodium hydroxide in large amounts or formation of byproduct sodium carbonate.
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- Amino disazo dyestuffs containing a fluoropyrimidinyl or a fluorotriazinyl reactive group
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Dyestuffs of the formula STR1 wherein X=--CH=CH2, --CH2 --CH2 OSO3 H, --CH=CHCl or --CH2 --CH2 Cl and Y=a fiber-reactive fluoropyrimidinyl or fluorotriazine radical and wherein u and v=H or SO3 H, where u~v. Such dyestuffs suitable for dyeing and printing diverse substrates, particularly cotton, to give products a high degree of dyestuff fixation.
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- QUINAZOLINONE, TRIAZOLINONE AND PYRIMIDINONE ANGIOTENSIN II ANTAGONISTS INCORPORATING A SUBSTITUTED BENZYL ELEMENT
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Substituted heterocycles attached through a methylene bridge to novel substituted phenyl derivatives of the Formula I are useful as angiotensin II antagonists. STR1
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- Kinetics of Amine Addition to Benzylidenemalonodialdehyde in 50percent Me2SO-50percent water
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The kinetics of the reaction of benzylidenemalonodialdehyde with piperidine, morpholine, n-butylamine, 2-methoxyethylamine, glycinamide, glycine ethyl ester, cyanomethylamine, and semicarbazide have been determined in 50percent aqueous Me2SO at 20 deg C.The reaction leads to a zwitterionic adduct, PhCH(RR'NH(1+))C(CHO)2(1-) (TA(+/-)), that is in fast acid-base equilibrium with the anionic adduct, PhCH(RR'N)C(CHO)2(1-) (TA(1-)).With strongly basic amines at high pH there is also attack of the amine on one of the carbonyl groups, which acts as a rapid preequilibrium.Rate constants for the formation of TA(+/-) (k1) and its reverse (k-1), as well as equilibrium constants (K1 = k1/k-1) and the pKa of TA(+/-) were determined for all the amines.Intrinsic rate constants (k0 = k1 = k-1 when K1 = 1) were calculated.The intrinsic rate constants are lower than those for amine addition to benzylidene Meldrum's acid.This is consistent with the greater role played by resonance in stabilizing TA(+/-) derived from benzylidenemalonodialdehyde.However, k0 for piperidine/morpholine addition to benzylidenemalonodialdehyde is much higher than for the reaction of benzylideneacetylacetone with the same amines, indicating that the rate-depressing effect of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in TA(+/-) derived from benzylidenemalonodialdehyde is much smaller than that in TA(+/-) derived from benzylideneacetylacetone.Even though semicarbazide is an α-effect nucleophile, no enhancement of k1 was observed, but K1, estimated on the basis of a structure-reactivity relationship, is larger than expected based on the pKa of the amine.This result is attributed to a low νnucn value.
- Bernasconi, Claude F.,Stronach, Michael W.
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p. 1993 - 2001
(2007/10/02)
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- Kinetics of Acid Hydrolysis of Furfural Semicarbazone: A Polarographic Study in Acid Medium
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Kinetics of hydrolysis of furfural semicarbazone has been studied polarographically in acid medium.The products of hydrolysis are identified as furfural and semicarbazide.The effects of the concentrations of (a) acid (HCl), (b) substrate, (c) furfural, (d) semicarbazide, (e) neutral salt (KCl), (f) solvents and (g) temperature on the rate of hydrolysis have also been studied.An A-2 type of mechanism involving the participation of protonated semicarbazone is found operative in acid hydrolysis.It is proposed that the species protonated at position-5 in the furan ring and at azomethine nitrogen is kinetically significant.
- Setty, R. Venugopal,Rao, S. Brahmaji
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p. 752 - 754
(2007/10/02)
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- Antidepressant 1,2,4-triazolone compounds
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2-[3-[4-(3-Halophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]propyl]-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-2,4-dihydro-[4-phenoxyalkyl-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones and closely related compounds are psychotropic agents having promise as antidepressants by virtue of their receptor site binding affinity profiles and animal pharmacology.
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- Process for preparing semicarbazide hydrochloride
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A process for preparing semicarbazide hydrochloride comprising the steps: (a) reacting an aqueous hydrazine solution with urea at a temperature from about 80° C. to about 130° C. and at a mole ratio of hydrazine to urea from about 0.9:1 to about 1.2:1 to form a reaction mixture comprising semicarbazide, water and alcohol-insoluble by-products; (b) removing substantially all of the water from the reaction mixture; (c) mixing a sufficient amount of an alcohol with the water-deleted reaction mixture to dissolve the semicarbazide and to precipitate said alcohol-insoluble by-products from the resulting alcohol solution; (d) removing said precipitated alcohol-insoluble by-products from said alcohol solution; (e) adding a sufficient amount of anhydrous hydrogen chloride to said alcohol solution to form and precipitate semicarbazide hydrochloride; and (f) recovering said semicarbazide hydrochloride from said alcohol solution.
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- Preparation of 2-phenylsemicarbazides
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2-Phenylsemicarbazides are prepared by a multi-step process involving: (a) treating a phenylhydrazine, or salt thereof, with a chloroformate; (b) adding phosgene; (c) treating the resulting product with an amine; and (d) hydrolyzing the resulting acylated semicarbazide. The reaction can proceed through a Δ2 -1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one intermediate formed with heating in step (b). Certain of the products are novel compounds.
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- Herbicidal 2-phenyl semicarbazides
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2-Phenylsemicarbazides of the formula SPC1 Where R1, R2 and R3 are hydrocarbyl, X is hydrogen or halogen and X1 is halogen, alkyl or alkoxy optionally substituted by halogen, useful as herbicides, are prepared by treatment of the appropriately substituted 2-phenylsemicarbazone with an aqueous acid followed by treatment with a base and optionally further an alkylating or acylating agent.
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