- A facile synthesis of dispersable NaCl nanocrystals
-
During the classical malonic ester synthesis, sodium chloride is eliminated. Sodium diethyl malonate was reacted either with phenacyl chloride or acetyl chloride, both in toluene solution and without solvent. NaCl nanocrystals with a size of 100-300 nm were obtained that could be easily redispersed in organic solvents if phenacyl chloride was used as reagent. The dispersion in dichloromethane was stable for at least two weeks without sedimentation or agglomeration. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2009.
- Annen, Thomas,Epple, Matthias
-
-
Read Online
- 1,5,7-TRISUBSTITUTED ISOQUINOLINE DERIVATIVES, PREPARATION THEREOF, AND USE THEREOF IN MEDICINES
-
The present disclosure relates to 1,5,7-trisubstituted isoquinoline derivatives, their preparation and pharmaceutical use. In particular, the present disclosure discloses a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, solvate or prodrug thereof, and a preparation method and use thereof. The definitions of the groups in the formula can be found in the specification and claims.
- -
-
Paragraph 0150; 0217-0218
(2020/08/30)
-
- Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan
-
Inspired by the well-known PPARγ partial agonism of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) antagonists exemplified by an antihypertensive drug, Telmisartan, efforts to identify compounds with the dual activities have been pursued in order to control the two major metabolic disorders, hypertension and hyperglycemia simultaneously. Lead compound 18 derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan, has successfully presented the possibility to control the medical conditions by a single molecule.
- Choung, Wonken,Jung, Hui Jin,Nam, Eun Hye,Yang, Deokmo,Yoo, Byoungwook,Choi, Hyukjoon,Lee, Bo Ram,Park, Min,Jang, Su Min,Lim, Jae Soo,Kim, Kyung-Hee,Chin, Jungwook,Jung, Kyungjin,Lee, Geumwoo,Kim, Seong Heon
-
p. 3155 - 3160
(2018/09/11)
-
- Synthesis of β-arylacyl / β-heteroarylacyl-β-alkylidene malonates and their application in substituted pyridone synthesis
-
A novel approach has been developed for the synthesis of β-arylacyl/β-heteroarylacyl-β-alkylidine malonates in moderate to good yields by the reaction of Stork aryl and heteroaryl enamine with β-chloroalkylidene malonates. The reaction involves conjugate
- Wagh, Manoj Balu,Shankar,Mini,Krishnamohan,Madhubabu,Pal, Abir K.,Jayaprakash, Sarva,Krishna,Dahanukar, Vilas,Kumar, U. K. Syam,Gill
-
-
- Synthesis and evaluation of novel pyrimidine-based dual EGFR/Her-2 inhibitors
-
A structure-activity relationship study of 4-anilinopyrimidines for dual EGFR/Her-2 inhibitor has resulted in the identification of 4-anilino-5-alkenyl or 5-alkynyl-6-methylpyrimidine derivatives that have exhibited effective inhibitory activity against both enzymes. The presence of 5-alkenyl or 5-alkynyl moiety bearing terminal hydrophilic group played important role for inhibition of these enzymes. Selected compounds in the series demonstrated some activity against Her-2 dependent cell line (BT474).
- Suzuki, Naoyuki,Shiota, Takeshi,Watanabe, Fumihiko,Haga, Norihiro,Murashi, Takami,Ohara, Takafumi,Matsuo, Kenji,Oomori, Naoki,Yari, Hiroshi,Dohi, Keiji,Inoue, Makiko,Iguchi, Motofumi,Sentou, Jyunko,Wada, Tooru
-
scheme or table
p. 1601 - 1606
(2011/05/11)
-
- Synthesis of novel 5-alkyl/aryl/heteroaryl substituted diethyl 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-4,4-dicarboxylates by aziridine ring expansion of 2-[(aziridin-1-yl)-1-alkyl/aryl/heteroaryl-methylene]malonic acid diethyl esters
-
A novel synthetic methodology has been developed for the synthesis of diethyl 5-alkyl/aryl/heteroaryl substituted 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-4,4- dicarboxylates (also called 2-substituted pyrroline-4,5-dihydro-3,3-dicarboxylic acid diethyl esters) by iodide i
- More, Satish S.,Mohan, T. Krishna,Kumar, Y. Sateesh,Kumar, U.K. Syam,Patel, Navin B.
-
scheme or table
p. 831 - 838
(2011/08/10)
-
- PYRAZOLOOXAZOLE COMPOUND
-
A compound represented by the formula (I) or pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof exhibits an excellent CRF receptor antagonism. wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a cyclic group selected from a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, a tetrahydropyranyl group, a dihydropyranyl group, a tetrahydrofuryl group, a dioxanyl group, a tetrahydrothienyl group, a dithianyl group and a hexahydrothiepinyl group, a C1-6 alkyl group substituted with a cyclic group selected from a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, a tetrahydropyranyl group, a dihydropyranyl group, a tetrahydrofuryl group, a dioxanyl group, a tetrahydrothienyl group, a dithianyl group and a hexahydrothiepinyl group, etc; R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 alkoxy-C1-6 alkyl group, a C3-6 cycloalkoxy-C1-6 alkyl group or a halogen atom; R6 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; and R7 is a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group or a C1-6 alkylthio group.
- -
-
Page/Page column 15-16
(2011/04/25)
-
- Zinc-mediated alkylation and acylation of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds
-
1,3-Dicarbonyl compounds undergo smooth allylation, benzylation, propargylation, and acylation with halides using metallic zinc in DMF at 60 °C to afford the corresponding allyl, benzyl, 2-propynyl, and acylated 1,3-diesters in good yields. In the case of cyclic 1,3-diketones, the corresponding enol ethers are obtained as sole products instead of C-alkylation.
- Yadav,Reddy, B. V. Subba,Mishra, Anand Kumar
-
experimental part
p. 280 - 281
(2010/09/05)
-
- PYRAZOLO (3, 4-B) PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES AS PDE4 INHIBITORS
-
The present invention provides a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof (in particular, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof): The invention also provides the use of the compounds or salts as inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type IV (PDE4) and/or
- -
-
Page/Page column 111
(2008/06/13)
-
- PYRAZOLO[3,4-B]PYRIDINE COMPOUNDS, AND THEIR USE AS PDE4 INHIBITORS
-
The invention provides a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof: wherein Ar has the sub-formula (x): and wherein: Q1 is NH or NMe, in which case Q2 is -C(O)-, -S(O)2-, -C(O)NH- or -C(O)NMe-; or Q1 is a bond o
- -
-
Page/Page column 202-203
(2010/11/30)
-
- Ethyl-branched aldehydes, ketones, and diketones from caimans (Caiman and Paleosuchus; Crocodylia, Reptilia)
-
Secretions from the paracloacal glands of alligators (Alligator spp.) and caimans (Caiman spp., Melanosuchus niger, and Paleosuchus spp.) were examined by GC-MS. The secretions of the common caiman (C. crocodilus), the broad-snouted caiman (C. latirostris), the yacare caiman (C. yacare), the dwarf caiman (P. palpebrosus), and the smooth-fronted caiman (P. trigonatus) yielded a new family of 43 aliphatic carbonyl compounds that includes aldehydes, ketones, and β-diketones with an ethyl branch adjacent to the carbonyl group. The identification of these glandular components and the syntheses and stereochemical investigations of selected compounds are described.
- Krueckert, Karsten,Flachsbarth, Birte,Schulz, Stefan,Hentschel, Ute,Weldon, Paul J.
-
p. 863 - 870
(2008/09/20)
-
- Synthesis and cyclization reaction of pyrazolin-5-one derivatives
-
A versatile synthetic method for preparing 3-pyrazolin-5-ones and 5,8-dihydro-1H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridazines from simple β-keto esters is demonstrated. The synthetic strategies involve the acylation of β-keto esters, cyclocondensation with hydrazine followed by trapping with a diene under oxidative conditions.
- Jung, Jae-Chul,Blake Watkins,Avery, Mitchell A.
-
-
- Efficient palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of β-chloroalkylidene/ arylidene malonates using microwave chemistry
-
A general method for the synthesis of β-aryl/ alkylarylidene malonates is reported. The key step involves the coupling of an arylboronic acid to a β-chloroalkyl/ arylidene malonate, in the presence of K2CO 3 and 1 mol % of the air-stable palladium catalyst (POPd) under microwave irradiation, to afford β-aryl/alkylarylidene malonates in good yields. The combination of mild reaction conditions, air stable catalyst, microwave-enhanced chemistry, and high levels of functional group compatibility make this an attractive synthetic approach to this class of compounds.
- Poondra, Rajamohan R.,Fischer, Peter M.,Turner, Nicholas J.
-
p. 6920 - 6922
(2007/10/03)
-
- Efficient synthesis of 4-ethoxycarbonyl pyrazolin-5-one derivatives
-
Concise and efficient methods for the preparation of 3-substituted 4-ethoxycarbonylpyrazolin-5-ones are described. The synthetic strategies involve carbon-acylation in the presence of base, followed by ring cyclization with hydrazine or hydrazine monohydrochloride.
- Jung, Jae C.,Watkins, E Blake,Avery, Mitchell A.
-
p. 3767 - 3777
(2007/10/03)
-
- Preparation of γ-Substituted β-Oxoesters with a New Heterocyclic Synthon
-
Ethyl 2,5-dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-5-oxoisoxazole-4-carboxylate was alkylated and acylated via its potassium-salt generated by potassium t-butoxide under convenient conditions.Hydrolysis of the enamines obtained by the catalytic hydrogenation of the 3-alkylated/acetylated derivatives affords β-oxo and β,δ-dioxoesters, respectively.Hydrogenolysis of the 3-acyl derivatives allows the regiospecific synthesis of β-enamino-δ-oxoesters.
- Doleschall, Gabor,Seres, Peter,Kovacs, Attila
-
p. 324 - 346
(2007/10/02)
-
- CARBON-ACYLATIONS IN THE PRESENCE OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE. A SIMPLE SYNTHESIS OF METHANETRICARBOXYLIC ESTERS
-
Magnesium oxide is an effective reagent for the carbon-acylation of malonates with either acyl chlorides or chloroformates.Various malonic esters (methyl, ethyl, isopropyl and isobutyl) were easily alkoxycarbonylated to give the corresponding methanetricarboxylic esters.The reaction scope and limitations have been elaborated.
- Skarzewski, Jacek
-
p. 4593 - 4598
(2007/10/02)
-
- Procedures for the Acylation of Diethyl Malonate and Ethyl Acetoacetate with Acid Chlorides Using Tertiary Amine Bases and Magnesium Chloride
-
In the presence of magnesium chloride and 2 equiv of triethylamine, diethyl malonate is C-acylated in excellent yields by acid chlorides.A variety of other metal chlorides were ineffective.Similarly, ethyl acetoacetate is C-acylated by acid chlorides in the presence of magnesium chloride and 2 equiv of pyridine.
- Rathke, Michael W.,Cowan, Patrick J.
-
p. 2622 - 2624
(2007/10/02)
-
- Reactions of Acetoacetic Ester Blocked Cyclohexyl Isocyanate
-
Acetoacetic ester has been widely reported to be a blocking agent for isocyanates.However, we find that only a trace of isocyanate is formed by thermolysis of acetoacetic ester blocked cyclohexyl isocyanate, 1, at 150 deg C and atmospheric pressure.The major portion is unchanged even after 8 h, with some conversion to acetylmalonic ester, 2, and acetyl-N,N'-dicyclohexylmalonamide, 3.Alcoholysis does not yield the "normal" urethane as blocked isocyanates do but rather esters of 1 with some diesters of 2 and smaller amounts of 3.Significant amounts of N-cyclohexylacetamide, N-cyclohexylmalonamate ester, and some N,N'-dicyclohexylmalonamide are also obtained.Aminolysis leads to N-substituted acetamides and N-cyclohexylmalonamate but no substituted ureas, the "normal" products for aminolysis of blocked isocyanates.In the presence of acid catalysts, alcoholysis leads to N-cyclohexylmalonamates with acetate esters as the other product.
- Wicks, Zeno W.,Wu, Kuang-Jong
-
p. 2446 - 2448
(2007/10/02)
-
- Process for the production of 3-oxoglutaric acid
-
A feasible process for the production of 3-oxoglutaric acid is disclosed wherein ketene and phosgene are reacted in a molar ratio of ketene to phosgene of less than 2 in an organic solvent possessing a dielectric constant at 20°C between 2 and 22 and reacting the resulting product with a Zerewitinoff active hydrogen compound. A method for the production of citric acid is also disclosed wherein ketene and phosgene are reacted in a molar ratio of the former to the latter of less than 2 in an organic solvent having a dielectric constant of from 2 to 22 at 20°C, reacting the resulting product with an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms to form an acetone dicarboxylic dialkyl ester which in turn is subjected to a cyanohydrin synthesis. The cyanohydrin is then hydrolyzed to form citric acid which is then isolated.
- -
-
-
- 1,4-Dihydropyridine esters
-
A new class of 1,4-dihydropyridines which are characterized by the presence of ester substitutes at positions 3 and 5 of the nucleus and by the presence of an alkoxyalkyl at position 2. The products exhibit coronary activity and have particular application as coronary dilators, antifibrillators, anti-hypertensives, and as muscular and vascular spasmolytics.
- -
-
-
